7. Sugarcane
Sugarcane is a perennial herb belonging to the grass family. Native to
tropical and subtropical regions of the world, this tropical grass is 6-19-feet
tall, bears long pointed leaves and has several stalks. The segmented stalks
have a bud at each joint and as the plant matures, small flowers appear.
India is second largest producer of sugarcane (report in 2008) about
348,187,900 tones .
There are six to thirty seven species of sugarcane.
8. Sugar cane contains 70% water; 14% fiber; 13.3% saccharose
(about10 to 15% sucrose), and 2.7% soluble impurities.
9. Weighing and Sampling
It is to determined the weight of sugarcane & quality of sugarcane
Wt. of sugarcane = wt. of loaded lorries – wt. of unloaded lorries
In sampling : it is tested to measure the sugar content and to determine
the amount of soil, tops or leaves present in the load
10. Steps Involve in Manufacturing of Sugar
Planting & Collecting the Harvest
Cleansing & Grinding
Juicing
Clarifying
Testing
Evaporation
Crystallization
Refining
Separation and Packaging
12. The Refining Process
Affination - dissolving off some surface impurities
Carbonation - removing further impurities that precipitate from
solution with calcium carbonate
Char filtration - removing further impurities with activated carbon
Crystallization - using a vacuum process
13.
14.
15. Types of Sugar
Processed sugar comes in two forms:
1.Non-crystalline sugar
Syrups: A non-crystalline liquid of high viscosity (thickness) concentrated
from whole cane juice and contains up to 50% sucrose.
2.Crystalline sugars:
Non-centrifugal sugars contain up to 80% sucrose.
Centrifugal sugars contain up to 94 to98% sucrose.
