This document summarizes a presentation given by Dr. Chris Gippel on making use of existing hydrological and water quality data from Chinese rivers. It includes flow and water quality trends from the Huayuankou station on the Yellow River from 1950 to 2009, showing some improvement in recent years following operations of the Xiaolangdi and other dams. Charts and graphs are displayed from the presentation comparing flow rates and the proportion of time meeting different water quality standards over time.

1. Making use of existing data –
results from Chinese rivers
Dr Chris Gippel, Australia
Project Completion Workshop
Ministry of Water Resources
2012 February 23

2. Hydrology – Flow Health (monthly data)
120
9m)
3
100
61.7 x 109 m3
80
43.9 x 109 m3
60
40
20
g
h
d
u
n
L
0
1
e
c
s
a
r
(
t
l
j
i
0
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005
35
post-Xiaolangdi
3
9m)
30 post-Longyangxia
25
20
15
10 post-Sanmenxia
pre-
5 Sanmenxia
m
C
p
g
o
d
u
0
1
y
s
c
e
v
a
r
(
t
i
l
Liujiaxia
0
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005

3. Flow Health
总体评分 变化很小 变化很大
Huayuankou 花园口
1950 2008
8 个变化指标 Xiaolangdi 小浪底
Lijin 利津

4. 大坝建成 大坝建成 大坝建成 大坝建成
Dam Dam Huayuankou Dam Dam
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2 Huayuankou
D
o
d
n
F
c
s
x
e
r
i
I
0.0
Dam Dam Dam Dam
Sunkou
1.0
0.8
0.6
Sunkou
0.4
0.2
D
o
d
n
F
c
s
x
e
r
i
I
Overall score 0.0
总体评分
Dam Dam Dam Dam
Luokou
1.0
0.8
0.6
Luokou
0.4
0.2
D
o
d
n
F
c
s
x
e
r
i
I
0.0
Dam Dam Dam Dam
Lijin
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
Lijin
D
0.2
o
d
n
F
c
s
x
e
r
i
I
0.0
1950 2008

5. Shenwo Reservoir
Xiaolinzi 参窝水库
Finished 1972
3 7.91 × 108m3
1
2
Benxi Guanyinge
Tangmazhai Liaoyang Reservoir
观音阁水库
Finished 1995
4 Tanghe Reservoir
Finished 1995
21.68 × 108m3
汤河水库
Finished 1969
7.07 × 108m3
Stream flow gauge
Yingkou 2 Environmental flows reach
Bohai

7. 大坝建成
Dam
Benxi
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
D
o
d
n
F
c
s
x
e
r
i
I
0.0
大坝建成 大坝建成
Dam Dam Dam
Liaoyang
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
D
o
d
n
F
c
s
x
e
r
i
I
0.0
Overall score Dam Dam
Xiaolinzi Dam
总体评分
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
D
o
d
n
F
c
s
x
e
r
i
I
0.0
Dam Dam Dam
Tangmazhai
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
D
0.2
o
n
F
d
c
s
x
e
r
i
I
0.0

10. 大坝建成
Dam
Guilin
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
D
o
d
n
F
c
s
x
e
r
i
I
0.0
Dam
Majiang/Jingnan
1.0
Overall score 0.8
总体评分 0.6
0.4
0.2
D
o
d
n
F
c
s
x
e
r
i
I
0.0
Gongcheng
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
D
0.2
o
d
n
F
c
s
x
e
r
i
I
0.0

11. Index of compliance with environmental
flow components
• Score is based on O/E (Observed/Expected)
– Observed is the measured daily flow in the river over a year
– Expected is the flow events and baseflows that will maintain stream
health, as recommended through an environmental flows assessment

13. Use in report cards – Lower Yellow River

14. Use in report cards – Taizi River

15. Water quality 水质
% of time meeting standard 全年达标天数比
例 饮用 娱乐用途 工农业和公园 生态河流健康
Drinking water Recreation Industry agriculture and parks Ecological river health
National conservation
Fish winter survival
irrigation of parks and
Agricultural irrigation
Aquaculture
General industrial
Industrial cooling
Sensitive and rare
Primary contact
Secondary ccontact
Passive non-contact
中国标准
Fish migration
Fish spawning
Fish rearing
treatment)
Source areas
2nd Class (requires
created landscapes
aquatic species
uses
areas
species
1st Class
Common aquatic
Arbitrary
Chinese aquatic
Grade health rating
I S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S High-V. high
II U S S S S S S S S S S U S S S S S S Mod. -High
III U U S S S S S S S S S U U S U U S S Low-Mod.
IV U U U U S S U S S S S U U U U U U U Very low
V U U U U U S U U S S S U U U U U U U Very low
VI U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U No value
U = 不当 S = 适合 中国 II 类水 = 良
中国标准 III = 黄河下游的官方标准

16. Trend in water quality (Grade III target)
水质的趋势 ( 中国标准 III)
% of time meeting standard 全年达标天数比例
Annual 年平均 High 丰水期 Low 枯水期
Annual - Proportion of High flow - Proportion of Low flow - Proportion of
months target achieved months target achieved months target achieved
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
1994 1994 1994
1995 1995 1995
1996 1996 1996
1997 1997 1997
1998 1998 1998
1999 1999 1999
2000 2000 2000
2001 2001 2001
2002 2002 2002
2003 2003 2003
2004 2004 2004
2005 2005 2005
2006 2006 2006
2007 2007 2007
2008 2008 2008
2009 2009 2009
Huayuankou 由于小浪底运行良好，最近几年有很大改善

17. Trend in water quality (Grade II target)
水质的趋势 ( 中国标准 II)
% of time meeting standard 全年达标天数比例
Annual 年平均 High 丰水期 Low 枯水期
Annual - Proportion of High flow - Proportion of Low flow - Proportion of
months target achieved months target achieved months target achieved
0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0
1994 1994 1994
1995 1995 1995
1996 1996 1996
1997 1997 1997
1998 1998 1998
1999 1999 1999
2000 2000 2000
2001 2001 2001
2002 2002 2002
2003 2003 2003
2004 2004 2004
2005 2005 2005
2006 2006 2006
2007 2007 2007
2008 2008 2008
2009 2009 2009
Huayuankou 分数很低，并没有随着时间得到改善

18. Use in report cards –
Lower Yellow River