Major Musules Of The Human Body Presented By AKASH K. LALL Published By AKL SUPPORTER

1. Presented By AKASH K. LALL
Published By AKL SUPPORTER

2. Adductor longus
A muscle of the medial thigh originating on the pubic crest and
synthesis and inserted in the linea aspera of the femur. It adducts,
flexes, and rotates the thigh medially and is controlled by the obturator
nerve. It pulls the leg toward the body’s midline.
Biceps brachii
And upper arm muscle composed of 2 heads, a long head and a short
head. This muscle flexes the elbow and shoulder as well as supinates
the forearm. The long head originates just above the shoulder socket
on the scapula and blends with the short head onto the radius bone of
the forearm. The short head originates on the coracoid process of the
scapula and blends with the long head onto the radius bone of the
forearm. The name biceps brachii means “two head of the arm.”
Brachioradialis
A muscle lying on the lateral side of the forearm. It flexes the forearm. It
raises and rotates the forearm. This muscle connects the radius and
humerus at the ends nearest the hand.

3. Coracobrachialis
The Coracobrachialis is the smallest of the three muscles that attach to the coracoid
process of the scapula. (The other two muscles are pectoralis minor and biceps
brachii.) It is situated at the upper and medial part of the arm. It is perforated by and
innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve. The coracobrachialis draws the humerus
forward (shoulder flexion) and towards the torso (shoulder adduction) at the
glenohumeral joint.
Deltoid
The large triangular muscle that wraps around the shoulder and connects the scapula,
clavicle and humerus. The deltoid muscle is referred to by its anterior, middle, and
posterior fibers and is controlled by the axillary nerve.The shoulder muscle originates
from the clavicle and scapula and inserting into the lateral part of the humorous. The
front fibers help flex the arm, lateral fibers help abduct the arm and back fibers help
extend the arm. Deltoid means triangular.
Extensor hallucis longus
The Extensor hallucis longus is a thin muscle, situated between the Tibialis anterior
and the Extensor digitorum longus that extends the big toe, dorsiflexes the foot, and
helps invert the foot. It arises from the anterior surface of the fibula; it also arises from
the interosseous membrane to a similar extent. The anterior tibial vessels and deep
peroneal nerve lie between it and the Tibialis anterior.

4. Extensor digitorum longus
This muscle arises from the lateral condyle of the tibia.Between it and the Tibialis
anterior are the upper portions of the anterior tibial vessels and deep peroneal nerve.
The muscle passes under the transverse and cruciate crural ligaments along with the
Peronæus tertius, and divides into four slips, which run along the top of the foot and
insert into the second and third phalanges of the four lesser toes.
External oblique muscle
Is a diagonal muscle that tightens the abdomen. It’s the largest and the most
outermost of the three flat muscles of the outside front of the abdomen. It has limited
actions in both flexion and rotation of the vertebral column. One side of the obliques
contracting can create lateral flexion. It also helps in pulling in the abdomen. The two
muscles on either side of the chest come together to form a fibrous sheet. These
muscles help the rectus abdominis to keep the abdominal organs in place.
Gastrocnemius
The large muscle of the posterior part of the lower leg. It is the most superficial of the
calf muscles. The gastrocnemius has 2 heads, one originating along the outside of the
head and condyle of the femur and the other originating along the medial popliteal
surface of the femur. Both heads attach to the back surface of the calcaneus, also
called the heel bone the heel with the calcaneal tendon, also called the Achilles. When
it contracts the gastrocnemius plantar flexes the ankle bending the foot downward,
flexes the knee, and allows a person to stand on tip toes. It is innervated by the tibial
nerve. It’s name means “belly of the leg.”

5. Gluteus medius
A muscle of the hip originating on the lateral surface of the ileum and inserted in the
greater trochanter of the femur. It abducts and medially rotates the by and is controlled
by the superior gluteal nerve.
Gracilis
A long slender muscle on the medial aspect of the thigh.
Iliopsoas
The compound iliacus and psoas magnus muscles.
Iliotibial band (ITB)
A dense band of non-contractile tissue, called fascia, that covers the gluteal region and
into this tensor fascia lata of an gluteus maximus are attached. Distallly the ITB inserts
into the kneecap, tibia and fibula head.
Latissimus dorsi
A back muscle that pulls the arm down and back. It is responsible for
extension,adduction, and (medial) internal rotation of the shoulder joint. It also helps in
extension and lateral flexion of the lumbar spine. The name means “widest of the
back.” This muscle supports the arm when it is moved above the head. If you push your
arm hard against your side, you will feel this muscle tighten up.

6. Pectoralis major
A chest muscle that pulls the arm in towards the body. This is one of the internal rotator
muscles that attach the humerus and internally rotate the arm. The pectoralis major
originates along the clavicle, down the sternum, and across the ribs and inserts into the
humerus. This muscle can contribute to excessive internal rotation of the arm or
scapular abduction.
Peroneus longus
Fibularis longus muscle. A muscle along the outside of the leg that bends the foot out
at the ankle. The fibularis longus originates from the head and upper lateral surface of
the fibula, runs in a bony groove along the bottom of the foot to attach on the other side
at the base of the first metatarsal and the neighboring medial cunieform bone, and acts
to evert the foot; it is innervated by the superficial fibular nerve.
Rectus abdominis
Aalso known as the “six pack”, is a paired muscle running vertically on each side of
the front wall of the abdomen. There are two parallel muscles, separated by a midline
band of connective tissue called the linea alba. The rectus abdominis is an important
postural muscle. It is responsible for pulling the rib cage toward the pelvis. The rectus
abdominis helps when we exhale while breathing and forcefully exhaling. It also helps
in keeping the internal organs intact and in creating pressure inside the abdomen, such
as when exercising or lifting heavy weights, during forceful defecation or pushing during
childbirth.

7. Rectus Femoris
A muscle of the anterior thigh originating on the iliac spine and upper margin of the
acetabulum and inserted in the tibial tuberosity by way of the patellar ligament. It
extends the leg, contributes to flexion of the thigh, and is controlled by the femoral
nerve.
Sartorius
A long, ribbon-shaped muscle in the leg that flexes, abducts, laterally rotates the thigh,
and flexes the lower leg. This muscle, the longest in the body, enables the crossing of
the legs in the tailors’s position, the function for which it is named. It is strapped shaped
and winds across the front of the thigh, from the hip to the inner side of the tibia. When
it contracts it bends and rotates the thigh.
Serratus anterior
This muscle is divided into three named parts: serratus anterior superior, serratus
anterior intermediate, serratus anterior inferior and runs from the front of the chest
around the side to the scapula. The anterior serratus pulls the scapula outward which
lifts the shoulder. It keeps the scapula in position close to the chest wall, abducts the
scapula, and turns it upward to raise the point of the shoulder. If the scapula is fixed,
the serratus anterior can elevate the ribs. The serratus anterior is controlled by the long
thoracic nerve. Serratus means “saw-shaped” and describes this muscle’s jagged
shape.

8. Sternocleidomastoid
Is a paired muscle in the superficial layers of the front part of the neck. It tilts the
head to its own side and rotates the head so the head faces the opposite side. It
is also an accessory muscle of breathing out and raises the sternum.
Tensor fasciae lata (TFL)
Originates on the anterior portion of the iliac crest and ASIS and inserts into the
ITB. It flexes, medially rotates, and abducts the leg and can cause pelvic rotation
problems.
Teres major muscle
Is a muscle of the arm and one of six scapulohumeral muscles. It is not part of
the rotator cuff. The teres major is a medial rotator and adductor of the humerus
and assists the latissimus dorsi in drawing the previously raised humerus down
and backward (extension, but not hyper extension). It also helps stabilize the
humeral head in the glenoid cavity.

9. Tibialis anterior
An extensor muscle that straightens or lifts the foot. A muscle of the leg
originating on the lateral condyle of the tibia and the interosseus membrane
between the tibia and the fibula and inserted in the first cunieform and first
metatarsal bones. It dorsi flexes and inverts the foot, supports the arch, and is
controlled by the deep peroneal nerve.
Vastus lateralis
A muscle of the anterior thigh originating on the linea aspera and the greater
trochanter of the femur and inserted in the tibial tuberosity by way of the patellar
ligament. It extends the leg and is controlled by the femoral nerve.
Vastus medialis
A muscle of the anterior thigh originating on the linear aspera and inter-
trochanteric line of the femur and inserted in the tibial tuberosity via the patellar
ligament. It extends the leg and is controlled by the femoral nerve.