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Mainstreaming Students with Disabilities: A Teacher's Guide
- 2. TIPS FOR TODAYS TEACHER: A GUIDE TO MAINSTREAM STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES… Mainstreaming
- 4. MAINSTREAMING IS THE ACT OF PLACING A STUDENT WITH A SPECIAL NEED INTO A GENERAL EDUCATION CLASSROOM. SWENSON, S. (2020).
- 5. The movement to bring special education students into the mainstream really took hold back in 1990, thanks largely to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA)
- 6. The model of special education known as inclusion, or mainstreaming, has become more prevalent over the past 10 years, and today, more than 60 percent of all students with disabilities (SWDs) spend 80 percent or more of their school day in regular classrooms, alongside their non-disabled peers
- 8. UDL: Universal Design for Learning – An educational framework that guides the flexible learning environments and learning spaces that can accommodate individual learning differences IEP: The Individualized Education Program, often called the IEP, is a legal document under United States law that is developed for each public school child in the U.S. who needs special education. The IEP is created through a specific team of the child's parent and district personnel who are knowledgeable about the child Learning Disability: a condition giving rise to difficulties in acquiring knowledge and skills to the level expected of those of the same age, especially when not associated with a physical handicap. ESSA: The Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) is a US law passed in December 2015 that governs the United States K–12 public education policy. The law replaced its predecessor, the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), and modified but did not eliminate provisions relating to the periodic standardized tests given to students.
- 9. Mainstreaming Debate Pros • Many teachers in regular classrooms have not received training in specialized educational techniques. • Less time and attention for the students in regular education. • Too fast of a pace for students with disabilities. • Behavioral problems may get in the way. • Improved Social Skills of all students. • Exposes students with disabilities to typical classroom structure and curriculum. • Exposure to educational content that is appropriately designed for interest and skill level. • Exposes All students to diversity. Cons
- 10. Here are some ways of helping to facilitate a healthy and productive classroom while mainstreaming student with disabilities……..
- 11. STRATEGIES
- 12. DEVELOP GOALS 1.Consider WHY student is being integrated. What level of support is needed. • Will student work at grade-level curriculum • Is student there purely for socialization/exposure to Classroom 2. Work from back to front – Once the main objective is established you can begin planning
- 13. GET TO KNOW STUDENT’S IEP 1.Make a chart with what services each student receives and how frequently these occur. 2.Develop timelines of when each student has scheduled appointments (ex: nurse for meds, social skills with counselor etc.)
- 14. ESTABLISH A GRADE LEVEL 1.Consider: • Cognitive ability • Emotional capability • Maturity of peers 2. Understand that these functions may all be at different levels than what your classroom is at.
- 15. UNIVERSAL DESIGN FOR LEARNING (UDL) 3 main principles 1. Representation: Offer information in more than one format (example: written directions, verbal directions, visual directions) 2. Action & Expression: Give more than one way to interact with the material and to show what they learned (ex: oral exam, written exam, diorama) 3. Engagement: Teachers should look for multiple ways to motivate students (ex: assignments that are relevant to their lives, creative assignments, hands on assignments)
- 16. DEVELOP A STRONG BEHAVIORAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 1. Posting daily schedule 2. Display rules and expectations • Look for reasons to praise for following directions. POSITIVE REINFORCEMENT • Be consistent with discipline 3. Preferential seating for students who need it • Away from most distraction • Next to a “buddy” or “helper” 4. Use signals for keeping on task • Quiet down • Start working • Put away material
- 17. ADAPTION – Curriculum adaptions allow students with disabilities to participate in inclusive environments by compensating for learners’ weaknesses.
- 18. Accommodations 1. Accomplish goals without modifying the curriculum 2. Things given or added to an expectation that will help the student be successful • Increased time for task • Deskwork checklist for task completion • A laptop for writing activities • Provided a study guide Modifications 1. Curriculum adaptions which change or lower expectations or standards 2. Makes the task more achievable for the student • Complete half the problems • Read a simplified version of a book/story • Learning to add using 1 preferred method instead of 3. • Make a list of words instead of writing a sentence. Accommodation Vs. ModificationsACCOMODATION VS. MODIFICATION
- 20. TOOLS
- 21. 1. TEXTTOSPEECH READER ELECTRONIC WORKSHEET VOICERECOGNITION PHONETICSPELLING SOFTWARE TALKINGCALCULATOR Assistive technology is any device, software, or equipment that helps people work around their challenges.
- 22. MANIPULATIVES – physical tools of teaching that engage students visually, and physically with objects. INTERLOCKING BLOCKS FRACTION BARS STORY SEQUENCE CARDS DIAGRAMS
- 24. Paraprofessional: a person to whom a particular aspect of a professional task is delegated but who is not licensed to practice as a fully qualified professional. Creating a positive working atmosphere with paraprofessionals Compose Compose a survey – Complete at the beginning of quarter/semester for clear communication Develop Develop a system – have a place where you write each other side notes about mainstreamed students Plan Plan together –Just because the teacher is the one to implement, all team should help with planning
- 25. CLICKABLELINKS: ACCESSTOUSEFULLINKSTHATTEACHERSCANUSEFORQUICKREFERENCE. Strategies https://www.vantagemobility.com/blog/mainstre am-special-needs-students https://study.com/blog/teaching-students-with- disabilities-strategies-for-regular- classrooms.html Math Manipulatives https://www.hand2mind.com/resources/gloss ary-of-hands-on-manipulatives Language Arts Manipulatives https://www.pinterest.com/mallainpen72/literacylanguage- arts-manipulatives/ https://ourjourneywestward.com/best-language-arts-games/ Assitive Technology https://www.edutopia.org/article/assistive-technology- resources https://www.understood.org/en/school-learning/assistive- technology/finding-an-assistive-technology/free-assistive- technology-tools-on-the-web