This document summarizes some of the key differences between Magento 1 and Magento 2. It notes that Magento 2 has improved support for modern technologies like PHP 7, Composer, and PSR standards. The module and configuration structure is redesigned in Magento 2. Dependencies are injected through DI configuration files rather than being hardcoded. Controllers are now based on actions rather than having one controller per class. Views use updated frontend technologies and a separated layout system. Setup and customization approaches like plugins and preferences replace some Magento 1 patterns. Resources listed can help developers learn Magento 2.

1. Magento 2 Modules Are Easy.
#magento2 • @benmarks • #ssphp16
ben@magento.com

2. Rome wasn’t built in a day
And neither was Magento 2.

3. The story of Magento 2 begins with Magento 1,
which is now an eight year old technology
(March 31, 2008).

4. When Magento 1.0 released, PHP was at version
5.2, MySQL was at version 5.0, and no one was
testing PHP apps
(but PhpUnit was at version 3.2).

5. Of course, building the most popular and
unconventional open source commerce app taught us
some lessons.

6. Magento 1 Challenges
• Confusing configuration
implementation
• Non-unified module
structure
• Internal coupling
• Extensible, but constrained
by form & function
• Difficult to test
Source: http://www.osnews.com/story/19266/WTFs_m

7. Magento 1 Challenges
…documentation?!?

8. Modernizing Magento for 2016+
• PHP 7 support
• GitHub-based collaboration
• Composer-based DM
• Dependency Injection
• PSR adoption (1, 2, 3, 4)
• Updated frontend tech
• Extensible CLI tool
• Test coverage & framework

9. Modernizing Magento for 2016+
• New checkout flow & architecture
• Performance = CE, Scale = EE
• EE licensing independent of
server architecture
• Quarterly feature releases
• Proposed EE roadmap for 2016:
✦ ElasticSearch, B2B suite,
Staging & Preview, Enhanced CMS
functionality
✦ More…

10. Magento 2 is the beginning of a new era,
rather than an endpoint.

11. • Installation methods
• IDE + debugger
• Deployment modes
• Check CLI tool:
$ bin/magento deploy:mode:set developer
$ bin/magento dev:tests:run --help
Developer Preparations

12. • Module structure is quite different
• Configuration is slightly different
• Controllers are slightly different
• View is quite different
• ORM is mostly the same; yes EAV still is used, and no, MongoDB is
not the solution
• Install/Upgrade (setup) scripts have changed
• New customization options (plugins & preferences)
Framework Notes M1 <> M2

13. Magento 2 Module Structure
• ./vendor or ./app/code
• Basic module:
★ registration.php
★ etc/module.xml

14. registration.php

15. module.xml

16. Configuration
• Configuration is split
out by type
• Magento 2 provides XSD
for config files; this
helps IDEs & tooling!
• No more class groups

17. • In Magento 2, all dependencies should be
constructor-injected
Dependencies & DI

18. • Dependency injection parameters are found in module
di.xml files
DI Configuration

19. • Dependency injection results in synthesized class
definitions in ./var/generation
DI generation

20. • Routes are declared in module route.xml files
• Route handlers are instance of MagentoFramework
AppActionAction
• One class per action, one action per class
(different from M1 controllers)
• Action->execute()
Controllers

21. • Instance of MagentoFrameworkViewElementAbstractBlock
• Templates simplified, most logic moved to block
classes
• Layouts broken out by handle, i.e. no longer ~1 per
module
• Templates & layouts moved inside module’s directory
• jQuery, RequireJS, JS Mixins, LESS
Views

22. • Model, resource model, collections still there
• No configuration for types
• Simple, complex, EAV
• API (SOAP & REST) are still available
• Service contracts should be on your radar
ORM

23. Setup Scripts
• No more per-step
files

24. Customization
• Plugins: before, after,
around (via DI)
• Preferences (via DI)
≈ rewrites in M1
• Events still there

25. • Execute before, after, around public methods
• Preferred method of customization
Plugins

26. • Swap classes
• Change arguments
Preferences & Params

27. Let’s make a module!

28. • github.com/magento/magento2 (and ./*)
• devdocs.magento.com
• community.magento.com
• magento.stackexchange.com
• alankent.me
• alanstorm.com
Resources

29. • Several classes available online
• Fundamentals class available online with in-person
component
• M2-based certifications work begins later in 2016
• I have discount vouchers for you!
Magento U

30. Thank you!
📧 ben@magento.com
🐦 @benmarks
Feedback: http://bit.ly/m2-tut-1