Macroeconomics 09
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1. Macroeconomics deals with the economy as a whole and decision making by large units such as governments and unions. 2. The federal government impacts the economy through the size of its budget, which is approximately $2 trillion, and by controlling the money supply through the Federal Reserve. 3. Ben Bernanke currently serves as Chairman of the Federal Reserve, which tries to balance the economy between inflation from too much spending and recession from too little spending by raising and lowering interest rates to make borrowing money more or less expensive.
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Problem Set 6 Part I Multiple-choice questions 1. Wh.docx
Problem Set 6
Part I Multiple-choice questions
1. Which of the following in NOT true about a country’s current account deficit?
a. By definition, an economy running a current account deficit will
experience an overall capital inflow.
b. A current account deficit can mean that a country is “living beyond its
means.”
c. A current account deficit can mean that a country is an “oasis of
prosperity,” attracting investment from around the globe.
d. A current account deficit means that the country is currently lending more
to other countries than it borrows from other countries.
2. What causes the weakness of the dollar? The two factors most often cited are
those mentioned by Fed Chairman Greenspan -- the twin deficits (CNN/Money,
November 19, 2004). What do the “twin deficits” refer to?
a. The trade deficit and the current account deficit.
b. The current account deficit and the budget deficit.
c. The budget deficit and social security deficit.
d. The trade deficit and the financial account deficit.
3. Which of the following is NOT true about the current account balance?
a. It is the net export component in GDP (X).
b. X = Y – E (E = C + I + G)
c. X = ST – I = IF
d. X = SP – I – (T – G)
4. The following five transactions are all entries to be made on the U.S. balance of
payments. For balance-of-payments purposes, four of the five are fundamentally
similar. Which one is different?
a. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York sells dollars in the foreign
exchange market.
b. An American tourist on vacation spends francs in Paris.
c. A South American country sells coffee in New York.
d. A British shipping firm is paid to carry an American export commodity
abroad.
e. An American computer company receives an order for software programs
from Germany.
5. According to the purchasing-power-parity (PPP) theory of exchange rates:
a. exchange rates tend to move with changes in relative price level of
different countries.
b. applies better to the long run than the short run.
c. applies better to the short run than the long run.
d. A and B.
e. A and C.
6. If the market exchange rate between Swiss francs and U.S. dollars were to change
from Sfr. 4 to the dollar to Sfr. 3 to the dollar, then the franc’s price must have:
a. risen from 25 cents to 33 cents, and the dollar has appreciated relative to
the franc.
b. fallen from 33 cents to 25 cents, and the dollar has depreciated relative to
the franc.
c. risen from 25 cents to 33 cents, and the dollar has, been devalued relative
to the franc.
d. risen from 25 cents to 33 cents, and the dollar has depreciated relative to
the franc.
e. fallen from 33 cents to 25 cents, and the dollar has appreciated relative to
the franc.
7. Suppose that the exports of Country A to Country B have increased substantially
and that both A and B operate on the gold standard. According to David Hume’s
gold-flow mechan ...
1. The short-run Phillips Curve is a curve that shows the relat.docx
1.
The short-run Phillips Curve is a curve that shows the relationship between the inflation rate and the pure interest rate when the natural rate of unemployment and the expected rate of inflation remain constant.
True
False
2.
At higher rates of inflation, unemployment is lower in the short-run Phillips Curve; in the long run, however, inflation has no effect on unemployment.
True
False.
3.The Federal Funds Market is actually monitored and manipulated by the Federal Reserve, but individual investors can enter the market and borrow funds if desired.
True
False
4.
One of the three main tools of the Federal Reserve is fiscal policy.
True
False
5.
The Federal Reserve's Reserve Requirement ratio can reduce the monetary base and thus the money supply.
True
False
6.
If the Federal Reserve wants to reduce interest rates and increase the velocity of money, it can utilize the open market operations tool by selling government bonds to member banks.
True
False
7.
The use of money as a medium of exchange represents the most important service that money renders.
True
False
8.
Keynes advocated government deficit spending during recessions, especially if full employment was not yet reached.
True
False
9.
ommercial banks and credit unions can create money and credit.
True
False
10. M1 includes currency, checkable deposits, and traveler's checks, but M2 does not include M1 in any way.
11.
The imposition of a tariff on foreign goods is more likely to decrease producer surplus of the domestic firms competing with those foreign firms on whom the tariff is imposed.
True
False
12.
When an American purchases a German good or invests in Germany, Euros currency is supplied and U.S. dollars are demanded.
True
False
13.
The main goal of the Federal Reserve is the unemployment rate.
True
False
14.
If the economy is in long run economic equilibrium, at potential GDP, and full employment has been reached as well, if there is an outward shift in aggregate demand, we can expect damaging inflation to start to occur and the government to seek contractionary fiscal and monetary options.
True
False
15.
If the MPC is .9, and government purchases increase by $6,000, real GDP demanded will:
a.
decrease by $60,000
b.
decrease by $6,000
c.
increase by $60,000
d.
increase by $6,000
e.
increase by $5,000
17.
Fiscal policy consists of the executive branch's decisions to tax and spend. If the economy is in an expansionary mode just coming out of a recession, in regards to aggregate demand and aggregate supply, we can assume that a tax hike will lead to
a.
the economy expanding even more as a result.
b.
aggregate demand and supply to shift inward.
c.
aggregate supply to shift inward.
d.
aggregate demand to shift inward.
e.
no changes will occur.
18.
The natural rate of unemployment is
a.
when the economy is at potential GDP.
b.
when the unemployment rate is at full employment.
.
1. The need for managers in the many new businesses of the late 18.docx
1. The need for managers in the many new businesses of the late 1800s contributed significantly to the growth of
a. the middle class.
b. America's expanding debt.
c. payroll clerks.
d. big business.
e. company takeovers.
2. How did business owners respond to the growth of unions and the labor movement?
a. They cut wages and hours.
b. They appealed to Congressmen to outlaw unions.
c. They required workers to sign yellow dog contracts or created blacklists.
d. They planted spies among union members.
e. They promoted suspected organizers to the management level, thereby negating their union membership
3. Among the American Federation of Labor's successes were all of the following except
a. setting a new standard workday from ten to eight hours.
b. serving as an umbrella for the many craft unions.
c. arbitrating disputes to ensure worker solidarity rather than competition between different groups of workers.
d. becoming the leading labor organizations in the 1880s by appealing to middle class Americans as well as the working class.
e. The AFL achieved all of these successes.
4. One of the earliest American preservationists was
a. Andrew Carnegie.
b. Jay Gould.
c. John Muir.
d. John D. Rockefeller.
e. Thomas Edison.
5. As the Industrial Revolution progressed in America, all of the following occurred except
a. Cities grew rapidly.
b. People moved from farms to cities.
c. Immigration became less important to America.
d. Large-scale corporate firms dominated the American economy.
e. Family businesses became less important to America's economy.
6. The Tweed Ring, working out of Tammany Hall, was
a. a political machine designed to help workers get jobs.
b. famously run by "Boss William Tweed," the leader of the dominant Democratic political organization or "machine" in New York City.
c. a Chicago political machine.
d. noted for helping the poor and the destitute.
e. a haven for newly arrived immigrants.
7. Racism was a particularly important incentive for poor white voters supportive of the Democratic ticket in the South because
a. keeping black people as an underclass in southern society was important to poor whites' sense of self-worth and economic well-being.
b. poor southern whites had too often suffered the arrogant abuse from free blacks in Southern cities.
c. poor southern whites lacked the education to understand the true equality of people of all colors.
d. poor whites stood to gain economically from the plight of black Southerners
8. The Haymarket strike led to:
a. the founding of the Knights of Labor.
b. growing anti-union sentiment nationwide.
c. increased union membership across the country.
d. new government policies about arresting strikers.
e. a huge victory for the American Federation of Labor.
9. Vertical integration meant
a. buying up all competitors.
b. breaking up older but less competitive monopolies.
c. owning all aspects of production and dist ...
1.The tax multiplier associated with a $10B reduction in t.docx
1.
The tax multiplier associated with a $10B reduction in taxes is _______ the spending multiplier associated with a $10B increase in government spending because __________
a.
the same quantity as / a tax change will either put more income into or out of savings
b.
smaller than / a tax change also involves a change in savings in the first round of spending
c.
larger than / taxes cause more discretionary income to be spent whether it is a tax increase or a tax decrease
d.
smaller than / the tax multiplier is usually very unstable
2.
Each year the Tax Foundation calculates the day of the year the average income earner has to work in order to pay taxes.
This is known as Tax Freedom Day.
Last year’s date, April 26, was three days later than the previous year’s.
The Tax Foundation says this is because of economic growth leading to higher incomes and higher taxes.
This observation makes sense since our income tax system is progressive and therefore ___________.
This is also consistent with ____________.
a.
takes a higher percent of income, the greater one’s income – how automatic stabilizers work
b.
takes a lower percent of income, the greater one’s income – how automatic stabilizers work
c.
takes a higher percent of income, the greater one’s income – the discretionary tools of fiscal policy
d.
takes a lower percent of income, the greater one’s income – monetary policy
3.
A house is a ______________ asset, and therefore this means that it takes ________ to recover its true value in the marketplace.
a.
liquid
-- much time
b.
non-liquid
-- much time
c.
liquid – very little time
d.
non-liquid
-- very little time
4
."An increase in national income increases aggregate demand more than the initial increase in spending."
The preceding statement describes
a.
microeconomic supply and demand curves.
b.
macroeconomic supply and demand curves.
c.
the spending multiplier.
d.
the money multiplier.
e.
both c) and d) are correct.
5.
If the Fed buys $1,000 worth of bonds and the banking multiplier is 8, then
a.
the reserve ratio is 12.5 percent.
b.
the potential money supply increase is greater than $1,000.
c.
there must also be a government spending increase or the Fed would not be buying the bonds.
d.
all of the above.
e.
both a) and b) are correct.
6.
Both fiscal and monetary policy affect the money supply.
a.
true
b.
false
7.
The Fed is considered "autonomous."
In practice this means the Board of Governors
a.
run for reelection every 4 years.
b.
are more insulated from the wishes of the voters than Congress.
c.
are less insulated from the wishes of the voters than Congress.
d.
can do whatever they please since they have lifetime appointments.
8.
Which of the policy combinations given below would consistently work in the direction of decreasing the rate of growth of the money supply?
a.
Raise the discount rate, lower the reserve requirement and engage in open mar.
MACROECONOMIC MODELS AND FISCAL POLICY1. Which one of the follow.docx
MACROECONOMIC MODELS AND FISCAL POLICY
1. Which one of the following statements best describes the idea of a political business cycle? A. Despite good intentions, various timing lags will cause fiscal policy to reinforce the business cycle.
B. Politicians will use fiscal policy to cause output, real incomes, and employment to be rising prior to elections. C. Politicians are more willing to cut taxes and increase government spending than they are to do the reverse. D. Fiscal policy will result in alternating budget deficits and surpluses.
2. In building the aggregate expenditures model, Keynes believed that
A. government intervention into the economy is the primary cause of business cycle fluctuations.
B. massive unemployment of labor and capital created conditions where sudden demand changes are unlikely to change prices. C. changes in aggregate expenditures are unable to affect the level of real output in the economy.
D. economies are normally at full employment and thus frequently susceptible to bouts of inflation.
5. Which one of the following statements correctly describes the multiplier effect?
A. The multiplier effect means that a change in consumption can cause a larger increase in investment.
B. The multiplier effect means that a decline in the MPC can cause GDP to rise by several times that amount. C. The multiplier effect means that consumption is typically several times as large as saving.
D. The multiplier effect means that an increase in investment can cause GDP to change by a larger amount.
7. The amount by which federal tax revenues exceed federal government expenditures during a particular year is the
A. public debt.
B. budget surplus. C. Federal Reserve. D. budget deficit.
9. Which one of the following statements about dissaving is correct? A. Dissaving occurs where saving exceeds consumption.
B. Dissaving occurs where consumption exceeds income.
C. Dissaving occurs where income exceeds consumption. ...
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Problem Set 6 Part I Multiple-choice questions 1. Wh.docx
Problem Set 6
Part I Multiple-choice questions
1. Which of the following in NOT true about a country’s current account deficit?
a. By definition, an economy running a current account deficit will
experience an overall capital inflow.
b. A current account deficit can mean that a country is “living beyond its
means.”
c. A current account deficit can mean that a country is an “oasis of
prosperity,” attracting investment from around the globe.
d. A current account deficit means that the country is currently lending more
to other countries than it borrows from other countries.
2. What causes the weakness of the dollar? The two factors most often cited are
those mentioned by Fed Chairman Greenspan -- the twin deficits (CNN/Money,
November 19, 2004). What do the “twin deficits” refer to?
a. The trade deficit and the current account deficit.
b. The current account deficit and the budget deficit.
c. The budget deficit and social security deficit.
d. The trade deficit and the financial account deficit.
3. Which of the following is NOT true about the current account balance?
a. It is the net export component in GDP (X).
b. X = Y – E (E = C + I + G)
c. X = ST – I = IF
d. X = SP – I – (T – G)
4. The following five transactions are all entries to be made on the U.S. balance of
payments. For balance-of-payments purposes, four of the five are fundamentally
similar. Which one is different?
a. The Federal Reserve Bank of New York sells dollars in the foreign
exchange market.
b. An American tourist on vacation spends francs in Paris.
c. A South American country sells coffee in New York.
d. A British shipping firm is paid to carry an American export commodity
abroad.
e. An American computer company receives an order for software programs
from Germany.
5. According to the purchasing-power-parity (PPP) theory of exchange rates:
a. exchange rates tend to move with changes in relative price level of
different countries.
b. applies better to the long run than the short run.
c. applies better to the short run than the long run.
d. A and B.
e. A and C.
6. If the market exchange rate between Swiss francs and U.S. dollars were to change
from Sfr. 4 to the dollar to Sfr. 3 to the dollar, then the franc’s price must have:
a. risen from 25 cents to 33 cents, and the dollar has appreciated relative to
the franc.
b. fallen from 33 cents to 25 cents, and the dollar has depreciated relative to
the franc.
c. risen from 25 cents to 33 cents, and the dollar has, been devalued relative
to the franc.
d. risen from 25 cents to 33 cents, and the dollar has depreciated relative to
the franc.
e. fallen from 33 cents to 25 cents, and the dollar has appreciated relative to
the franc.
7. Suppose that the exports of Country A to Country B have increased substantially
and that both A and B operate on the gold standard. According to David Hume’s
gold-flow mechan ...
1. The short-run Phillips Curve is a curve that shows the relat.docx
1.
The short-run Phillips Curve is a curve that shows the relationship between the inflation rate and the pure interest rate when the natural rate of unemployment and the expected rate of inflation remain constant.
True
False
2.
At higher rates of inflation, unemployment is lower in the short-run Phillips Curve; in the long run, however, inflation has no effect on unemployment.
True
False.
3.The Federal Funds Market is actually monitored and manipulated by the Federal Reserve, but individual investors can enter the market and borrow funds if desired.
True
False
4.
One of the three main tools of the Federal Reserve is fiscal policy.
True
False
5.
The Federal Reserve's Reserve Requirement ratio can reduce the monetary base and thus the money supply.
True
False
6.
If the Federal Reserve wants to reduce interest rates and increase the velocity of money, it can utilize the open market operations tool by selling government bonds to member banks.
True
False
7.
The use of money as a medium of exchange represents the most important service that money renders.
True
False
8.
Keynes advocated government deficit spending during recessions, especially if full employment was not yet reached.
True
False
9.
ommercial banks and credit unions can create money and credit.
True
False
10. M1 includes currency, checkable deposits, and traveler's checks, but M2 does not include M1 in any way.
11.
The imposition of a tariff on foreign goods is more likely to decrease producer surplus of the domestic firms competing with those foreign firms on whom the tariff is imposed.
True
False
12.
When an American purchases a German good or invests in Germany, Euros currency is supplied and U.S. dollars are demanded.
True
False
13.
The main goal of the Federal Reserve is the unemployment rate.
True
False
14.
If the economy is in long run economic equilibrium, at potential GDP, and full employment has been reached as well, if there is an outward shift in aggregate demand, we can expect damaging inflation to start to occur and the government to seek contractionary fiscal and monetary options.
True
False
15.
If the MPC is .9, and government purchases increase by $6,000, real GDP demanded will:
a.
decrease by $60,000
b.
decrease by $6,000
c.
increase by $60,000
d.
increase by $6,000
e.
increase by $5,000
17.
Fiscal policy consists of the executive branch's decisions to tax and spend. If the economy is in an expansionary mode just coming out of a recession, in regards to aggregate demand and aggregate supply, we can assume that a tax hike will lead to
a.
the economy expanding even more as a result.
b.
aggregate demand and supply to shift inward.
c.
aggregate supply to shift inward.
d.
aggregate demand to shift inward.
e.
no changes will occur.
18.
The natural rate of unemployment is
a.
when the economy is at potential GDP.
b.
when the unemployment rate is at full employment.
.
1. The need for managers in the many new businesses of the late 18.docx
1. The need for managers in the many new businesses of the late 1800s contributed significantly to the growth of
a. the middle class.
b. America's expanding debt.
c. payroll clerks.
d. big business.
e. company takeovers.
2. How did business owners respond to the growth of unions and the labor movement?
a. They cut wages and hours.
b. They appealed to Congressmen to outlaw unions.
c. They required workers to sign yellow dog contracts or created blacklists.
d. They planted spies among union members.
e. They promoted suspected organizers to the management level, thereby negating their union membership
3. Among the American Federation of Labor's successes were all of the following except
a. setting a new standard workday from ten to eight hours.
b. serving as an umbrella for the many craft unions.
c. arbitrating disputes to ensure worker solidarity rather than competition between different groups of workers.
d. becoming the leading labor organizations in the 1880s by appealing to middle class Americans as well as the working class.
e. The AFL achieved all of these successes.
4. One of the earliest American preservationists was
a. Andrew Carnegie.
b. Jay Gould.
c. John Muir.
d. John D. Rockefeller.
e. Thomas Edison.
5. As the Industrial Revolution progressed in America, all of the following occurred except
a. Cities grew rapidly.
b. People moved from farms to cities.
c. Immigration became less important to America.
d. Large-scale corporate firms dominated the American economy.
e. Family businesses became less important to America's economy.
6. The Tweed Ring, working out of Tammany Hall, was
a. a political machine designed to help workers get jobs.
b. famously run by "Boss William Tweed," the leader of the dominant Democratic political organization or "machine" in New York City.
c. a Chicago political machine.
d. noted for helping the poor and the destitute.
e. a haven for newly arrived immigrants.
7. Racism was a particularly important incentive for poor white voters supportive of the Democratic ticket in the South because
a. keeping black people as an underclass in southern society was important to poor whites' sense of self-worth and economic well-being.
b. poor southern whites had too often suffered the arrogant abuse from free blacks in Southern cities.
c. poor southern whites lacked the education to understand the true equality of people of all colors.
d. poor whites stood to gain economically from the plight of black Southerners
8. The Haymarket strike led to:
a. the founding of the Knights of Labor.
b. growing anti-union sentiment nationwide.
c. increased union membership across the country.
d. new government policies about arresting strikers.
e. a huge victory for the American Federation of Labor.
9. Vertical integration meant
a. buying up all competitors.
b. breaking up older but less competitive monopolies.
c. owning all aspects of production and dist ...
1.The tax multiplier associated with a $10B reduction in t.docx
1.
The tax multiplier associated with a $10B reduction in taxes is _______ the spending multiplier associated with a $10B increase in government spending because __________
a.
the same quantity as / a tax change will either put more income into or out of savings
b.
smaller than / a tax change also involves a change in savings in the first round of spending
c.
larger than / taxes cause more discretionary income to be spent whether it is a tax increase or a tax decrease
d.
smaller than / the tax multiplier is usually very unstable
2.
Each year the Tax Foundation calculates the day of the year the average income earner has to work in order to pay taxes.
This is known as Tax Freedom Day.
Last year’s date, April 26, was three days later than the previous year’s.
The Tax Foundation says this is because of economic growth leading to higher incomes and higher taxes.
This observation makes sense since our income tax system is progressive and therefore ___________.
This is also consistent with ____________.
a.
takes a higher percent of income, the greater one’s income – how automatic stabilizers work
b.
takes a lower percent of income, the greater one’s income – how automatic stabilizers work
c.
takes a higher percent of income, the greater one’s income – the discretionary tools of fiscal policy
d.
takes a lower percent of income, the greater one’s income – monetary policy
3.
A house is a ______________ asset, and therefore this means that it takes ________ to recover its true value in the marketplace.
a.
liquid
-- much time
b.
non-liquid
-- much time
c.
liquid – very little time
d.
non-liquid
-- very little time
4
."An increase in national income increases aggregate demand more than the initial increase in spending."
The preceding statement describes
a.
microeconomic supply and demand curves.
b.
macroeconomic supply and demand curves.
c.
the spending multiplier.
d.
the money multiplier.
e.
both c) and d) are correct.
5.
If the Fed buys $1,000 worth of bonds and the banking multiplier is 8, then
a.
the reserve ratio is 12.5 percent.
b.
the potential money supply increase is greater than $1,000.
c.
there must also be a government spending increase or the Fed would not be buying the bonds.
d.
all of the above.
e.
both a) and b) are correct.
6.
Both fiscal and monetary policy affect the money supply.
a.
true
b.
false
7.
The Fed is considered "autonomous."
In practice this means the Board of Governors
a.
run for reelection every 4 years.
b.
are more insulated from the wishes of the voters than Congress.
c.
are less insulated from the wishes of the voters than Congress.
d.
can do whatever they please since they have lifetime appointments.
8.
Which of the policy combinations given below would consistently work in the direction of decreasing the rate of growth of the money supply?
a.
Raise the discount rate, lower the reserve requirement and engage in open mar.
MACROECONOMIC MODELS AND FISCAL POLICY1. Which one of the follow.docx
MACROECONOMIC MODELS AND FISCAL POLICY
1. Which one of the following statements best describes the idea of a political business cycle? A. Despite good intentions, various timing lags will cause fiscal policy to reinforce the business cycle.
B. Politicians will use fiscal policy to cause output, real incomes, and employment to be rising prior to elections. C. Politicians are more willing to cut taxes and increase government spending than they are to do the reverse. D. Fiscal policy will result in alternating budget deficits and surpluses.
2. In building the aggregate expenditures model, Keynes believed that
A. government intervention into the economy is the primary cause of business cycle fluctuations.
B. massive unemployment of labor and capital created conditions where sudden demand changes are unlikely to change prices. C. changes in aggregate expenditures are unable to affect the level of real output in the economy.
D. economies are normally at full employment and thus frequently susceptible to bouts of inflation.
5. Which one of the following statements correctly describes the multiplier effect?
A. The multiplier effect means that a change in consumption can cause a larger increase in investment.
B. The multiplier effect means that a decline in the MPC can cause GDP to rise by several times that amount. C. The multiplier effect means that consumption is typically several times as large as saving.
D. The multiplier effect means that an increase in investment can cause GDP to change by a larger amount.
7. The amount by which federal tax revenues exceed federal government expenditures during a particular year is the
A. public debt.
B. budget surplus. C. Federal Reserve. D. budget deficit.
9. Which one of the following statements about dissaving is correct? A. Dissaving occurs where saving exceeds consumption.
B. Dissaving occurs where consumption exceeds income.
C. Dissaving occurs where income exceeds consumption. ...
1.The tax multiplier associated with a $10B reduction in taxes i.docx
1.
The tax multiplier associated with a $10B reduction in taxes is _______ the spending multiplier associated with a $10B increase in government spending because __________
a.
the same quantity as / a tax change will either put more income into or out of savings
b.
smaller than / a tax change also involves a change in savings in the first round of spending
c.
larger than / taxes cause more discretionary income to be spent whether it is a tax increase or a tax decrease
d.
smaller than / the tax multiplier is usually very unstable
2.
Each year the Tax Foundation calculates the day of the year the average income earner has to work in order to pay taxes. This is known as Tax Freedom Day. Last year’s date, April 26, was three days later than the previous year’s. The Tax Foundation says this is because of economic growth leading to higher incomes and higher taxes.
This observation makes sense since our income tax system is progressive and therefore ___________. This is also consistent with ____________.
a.
takes a higher percent of income, the greater one’s income – how automatic stabilizers work
b.
takes a lower percent of income, the greater one’s income – how automatic stabilizers work
c.
takes a higher percent of income, the greater one’s income – the discretionary tools of fiscal policy
d.
takes a lower percent of income, the greater one’s income – monetary policy
3.
A house is a ______________ asset, and therefore this means that it takes ________ to recover its true value in the marketplace.
a.
liquid -- much time
b.
non-liquid -- much time
c.
liquid – very little time
d.
non-liquid -- very little time
4
."An increase in national income increases aggregate demand more than the initial increase in spending." The preceding statement describes
a.
microeconomic supply and demand curves.
b.
macroeconomic supply and demand curves.
c.
the spending multiplier.
d.
the money multiplier.
e.
both c) and d) are correct.
5.
If the Fed buys $1,000 worth of bonds and the banking multiplier is 8, then
a.
the reserve ratio is 12.5 percent.
b.
the potential money supply increase is greater than $1,000.
c.
there must also be a government spending increase or the Fed would not be buying the bonds.
d.
all of the above.
e.
both a) and b) are correct.
6.
Both fiscal and monetary policy affect the money supply.
a.
true
b.
false
7.
The Fed is considered "autonomous." In practice this means the Board of Governors
a.
run for reelection every 4 years.
b.
are more insulated from the wishes of the voters than Congress.
c.
are less insulated from the wishes of the voters than Congress.
d.
can do whatever they please since they have lifetime appointments.
8.
Which of the policy combinations given below would consistently work in the direction of decreasing the rate of growth of the money supply?
a.
Raise the discount rate, lower the reserve requirement and engage in open market sales.
b.
Lower the discount rate, lower the res.
Lesson 2.8IntroductionCourse ObjectivesThis lesson will addr.docx
Lesson 2.8
Introduction
Course Objectives
This lesson will address the following course outcomes:
· 7. Read, interpret, and make decisions based upon data from tables and graphical displays such as line graphs, bar graphs, scatterplots, pie charts, and histograms. Given data, choose an appropriate type of graphical display and create it using scales appropriate to the application.
Specific Objectives
Students will understand that
· the scale on graphs can change perception of the information they represent.
· to fully understand a pie graph, the reference value must be known.
Students will be able to
· calculate relative change from a line graph.
· estimate the absolute size of the portions of a pie graph given its reference value.
· use data displayed on two graphs to estimate a third quantity.
Graphs are a helpful way to summarize data. Often there are many ways to portray information graphically. Sometimes one form is easier to read than another. Sometimes the way a graph is made can affect the impression it gives. Today, you will look at three examples of such graphs.
Line Graphs
Problem Situation 1: Reading Line Graphs
#1 Points possible: 5. Total attempts: 5
Compare the two graphs below.
Which statement best descries the relationship between the graphs?
· The data appears to be different - the first graph shows larger changes in income
· They appear to show the same data, but on different vertical scales.
#2 Points possible: 5. Total attempts: 5
What was the average household income in 1999?
$
#3 Points possible: 5. Total attempts: 5
Based on these two graphs, would it be fair to say that the average household income was significantly lower in 2009 than it was in 1999?
Give your answer with an explanation, then compare your answer to the one provided.
Bar Graphs
Problem Situation 2: Reading Bar Graphs
In this example, we will be looking at bar graphs. Before doing that, answer the question about Jeff’s Housing so that you can understand the questions about national debt and GDP that follow.
#4 Points possible: 15. Total attempts: 5
Jeff’s Housing: Two pairs of statements are given below.
In 1990, Jeff spent $1,000 per month on housing.
In 2010, Jeff spent $2,000 per month on housing.
In 1990, Jeff spent 20% of his income on housing.
In 2010, Jeff spent 10% of his income on housing.
a. How can both pairs of statements be true?
· It is not possible for both statements to be true, since one shows his housing costs rising, and the other shows his housing costs decreasing
· Both statements can be true if his income increased significantly from 1990 to 2010
· Both statements can be true if his income fell significantly from 1990 to 2010
b. Calculate Jeff's monthly income in 1990
$
c. Calculate Jeff's monthly income in 2010
$
GDP, or Gross Domestic Product, can be thought of as the country’s income. It is the value of all goods and services the country produces. The national debt is how much the country owes. Just as Jeff’s spendi ...
Financial Collapse
Prepper news and info links, as well as practical tips to prepping on a budget.
from http://prepperrecon.com/
Devry econ 545 week 5 quiz new
econ 545 week 5 dq 1 fiscal policy new,econ 545 week 5 dq 2 monetary policy new,econ 545 week 5 quiz 1 new,devry econ 545,econ 545,devry econ 545 week 5 tutorial,econ 545 week 5 assignment,devry econ 545 week 5 help
1. One of the functions of money is that it is a ‘store of value’..docx
1. One of the functions of money is that it is a ‘store of value’. Explain
2. What is the difference between fiat money and a credit card?
3. How do commercial banks maximize their stockholders’ wealth?
4. The Federal Reserve System (the Fed) is the central bank of the United States. What are its primary functions?
5. Assume that the US economy is experiencing a rather severe recession. How might the Fed utilize the discount rate to speed up the economy? Explain in detail.
6. Assume that the US economy is experiencing a rather severe recession. How might the Fed utilize open market operations to speed up the economy (use lecture notes to answer this)? Explain in detail.
7. Using the explanation in the lecture, explain how the Fed’s purchase of bonds (securities) on the open market can not only increase the money supply through banks’ lending but also decrease the EFFECTIVE interest rate for borrowers. Use an example with actual interest rates.
8. Explain how the required reserve requirement can be used by the Fed to either expand or contract the money supply.
9. A) Using the formula given in the lecture, calculate how much the money supply would increase given an injection of $10 million with a required reserve ratio of 5%. B) Given the same data, how much would the money supply decrease if $10 million were taken out of the money supply with a 5% required reserve ratio?.
10. What 3 events turned an ordinary recession in 1929 into the Great Depression?
11. Ironically technological advancements have made bartering, which used to be an extremely inefficient exchange of values, more and more popular in the present day. Think of and identify four situations where present-day bartering becomes beneficial to both sides of the transaction.
12. Assume that you have 100 $1 bills. Assume also that I have 4 $100 bills. Explain why even though you have more paper money (100 pieces of paper), the value of my four pieces of paper is greater than yours.
13. The Federal Reserve can in effect expand or contract the supply of money in the US.
a. Explain what you think the Fed must do to expand the money supply.
b. Identify 2 reasons why the Fed would do this.
14. Is it possible that the Fed, since it supposedly acts independently of the US government, could use monetary policies (expanding or contracting the money supply) in order to benefit only the wealthiest corporations and individuals while ignoring the lower classes? Explain your opinion here in detail.
15. Explain your opinion as to whether you feel that using a central bank (the Fed) to control all of the US’s major monetary policies as well as all of its money is dangerous? What might be some of the unintended consequences of giving this much power to one private entity?
Module 7 Lecture (Ch. 18): Money and the Monetary System
What Is Money?
The answer seems simple enough, yet there are some false illusions as to what is and what is not money. Basically, money is anything that is commonly accept.
Page 1 of 17 ECON 201 Introduction to Macroeconomics .docx
Page 1 of 17
ECON 201: Introduction to Macroeconomics
Final Exam
December 5, 2011
NAME: _________________________________
Circle your TA’s name: Agustin Brian Meysam
Circle your section time: 9 a.m. 3 p.m.
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. The exam lasts 2 hours.
2. The exam is worth 120 points in total: 45 points for the multiple choice questions (Part A), and
75 points for the six analytical problems (Part B).
3. Write your answers for part A (the multiple choice section) in the blanks below. You won’t
get credit for circled answers in the multiple choice section. There is no penalty to guessing, so
be sure to answer all of them.
4. Place all of your answers for part B in the space provided.
5. You must show your work for part B questions. There is no need to explain your answers for the
multiple choice questions.
6. Calculators are permitted. Books, notes, reference materials, etc. are prohibited.
7. Good luck!
PART A: Multiple Choice Problems. Answer multiple choice questions in the space provided
below. PLEASE USE CAPITAL LETTERS.
1 11 21 31 41
2 12 22 32 42
3 13 23 33 43
4 14 24 34 44
5 15 25 35 45
6 16 26 36
7 17 27 37
8 18 28 38
9 19 29 39
10 20 30 40
MC Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Total
Page 2 of 17
Part A. Multiple Choice Questions (45 points)
1. Money is
A) backed by gold in Fort Knox.
B) the same as income.
C) the value of all coins and currency in circulation at any time.
D) anything that is generally accepted as a medium of exchange.
2. The development of money as a medium of exchange has facilitated the expansion of trade because
A) holding money increases people's income.
B) no other mediums of exchange are available.
C) money eliminates the "double coincidence of wants" problem.
D) holding money increases people's wealth.
3. The price of bonds and the interest rate are
A) not related.
B) positively related.
C) negatively related.
D) sometimes positively related and other times negatively related, depending on the bond payments.
4. As the interest rate falls, people hold ________ money instead of bonds because the opportunity cost of
holding money has ________.
A) more; fallen
B) more; risen
C) less; fallen
D) less; risen
5. The lecture and readings explain the recent rise in food prices by
A) Subsidies to ethanol
B) Economic growth in China
C) Economic growth in the US
D) Quotas on corn imports
E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)
6. An example of a contractionary monetary policy is
A) an increase in the required reserve ratio.
B) a reduction in the taxes banks pay on their profits.
C) a decrease in the discount rate.
D) the Fed buying government securities in the open market.
7. Which of the following sequence of events follows an expansionary monetary policy?
A) r↓ ⇒ I↓ ⇒ AE↓ ⇒ Y↓.
B) r↑ ⇒ I↑ ⇒ AE↓ ⇒ Y↑.
C) r↑ ⇒ I↓ ⇒ AE↓ ⇒ Y↓.
D) r↓ ⇒ I↑ ⇒ AE↑ ⇒ Y↑.
Page 3 of 17
.
1. During a recession the economy experiencesa. rising employm.docx
1. During a recession the economy experiences
a.
rising employment and income.
b.
rising employment and falling income.
c.
rising income and falling employment.
d.
falling employment and income.
2. Most economists use the aggregate demand and aggregate supply model primarily to analyze
a.
short-run fluctuations in the economy.
b.
the effects of macroeconomic policy on the prices of individual goods.
c.
the long-run effects of international trade policies.
d.
productivity and economic growth.
3. The classical dichotomy refers to the separation of
a.
prices and nominal interest rates.
b.
taxes and government spending.
c.
decisions made by the public and decisions made by the government.
d.
real and nominal variables.
4. According to classical macroeconomic theory, changes in the money supply affect
a.
variables measured in terms of money and variables measured in terms of quantities or relative prices
b.
variables measured in terms of money but not variables measured in terms of quantities or relative prices
c.
variables measured in terms of quantities or relative prices, but not variables measured in terms of money
d.
neither variables measured in terms of money nor variables measured in terms of quantities or relative prices
5. Most economists believe that money neutrality
a.
does not hold in the short run.
b.
does not hold in the long run.
c.
does not hold in either the short run or long run.
d.
holds in the short run and the long run.
6. The aggregate demand and aggregate supply graph has
a.
quantity of output on the horizontal axis. Output can be measured by the GDP deflator.
b.
quantity of output on the horizontal axis. Output can be measured by real GDP.
c.
quantity of output on the vertical axis. Output can be measured by the GDP deflator.
d.
quantity of output on the vertical axis. Output can be measured by real GDP.
7. Aggregate demand includes
a.
the quantity of goods and services the government, households, firms, and customers abroad want to buy.
b.
neither the quantity of goods and services the government, households, nor firms want to buy nor the quantity of goods and services customers abroad want to buy.
c.
the quantity of goods and service the government wants to buy, but not the quantity of goods and services households, firms, or customers abroad want to buy.
d.
the quantity of goods and services households and firms want to buy, but not the quantity of goods and services the government wants to buy.
8. Other things the same, a decrease in the price level motivates people to hold
a.
less money, so they lend less, and the interest rate rises.
b.
less money, so they lend more, and the interest rate falls.
c.
more money, so they lend more, and the interest rate rises.
d.
more money, so they lend less, and the interest rate falls.
9. When the dollar depreciates, U.S.
a.
net exports rise, which increases the aggregate quantity.
Problems Chapter 51. P1. Assume that Banc One receives a primar.docx
Problems: Chapter 5
1. P1. Assume that Banc One receives a primary deposit of $1 million. The bank must keep reserves of 20 percent against its deposits. Prepare a simple balance sheet of assets and liabilities for Banc One immediately after the deposit is received.
2. P6. Assume a financial system has a monetary base of $25 million. The required reserves ratio is 10 percent, and there are no leakages in the system. a. What is the size of the money multiplier? b. What will be the system’s money supply?
Exercise :Chapter 4
As the executive of a bank or thrift institution you are faced with an intense seasonal demand for loans. Assuming that your loanable funds are inadequate to take care of the demand, how might your Reserve Bank help you with this problem?
102
CHAPTER 5
Policy Makers and
the Money Supply
L E A R N I N G O B J E C T I V E S
After studying this chapter, you should be able to do the following:
LO 5.1 Describe the U.S. national economic policy objectives and possible confl icts among
these objectives.
LO 5.2 Identify the major policy makers and describe their primary responsibilities.
LO 5.3 Discuss how the U.S. government infl uences the economy and how the government
reacted to the 2007–09 perfect fi nancial storm.
LO 5.4 Describe the U.S. Treasury’s cash and general management responsibilities.
LO 5.5 Describe the U.S. Treasury’s defi cit fi nancing and debt management responsibilities.
LO 5.6 Discuss how expansion of the money supply takes place in the U.S. banking system.
LO 5.7 Summarize the factors or transactions that aff ect bank reserves.
LO 5.8 Explain the terms monetary base, money multiplier, and the velocity of money and
their relationships to the money supply.
W H E R E W E H A V E B E E N . . .
In Chapter 4 we discussed the role of the Federal Reserve System as the central bank in the
U.S. banking system. Money must be easily transferred, checks must be processed and
cleared, banks must be regulated and supervised, and the money supply must be controlled.
The Fed either assists or directly performs all of the activities that are necessary for a
well-functioning fi nancial system. You also learned about the characteristics and require-
ments of Federal Reserve membership and the composition of the Fed Board of Governors.
You were introduced to the Fed’s monetary policy functions—its open-market operations,
the administration of reserve requirements, and the setting of interest rates on loans to depos-
itory institutions. Fed supervisory and regulatory functions were also discussed.
W H E R E W E A R E G O I N G . . .
The last chapter in Part 1 focuses on how currency exchange rates are determined and how
international trade is fi nanced. We begin by discussing what is meant by currency exchange
Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
5.1 National Economic Policy Objectives 103
rates and foreign exchange markets. This is followed by a discussion of factors th.
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how to sell pi coins in South Korea profitably.
Yes. You can sell your pi network coins in South Korea or any other country, by finding a verified pi merchant
What is a verified pi merchant?
Since pi network is not launched yet on any exchange, the only way you can sell pi coins is by selling to a verified pi merchant, and this is because pi network is not launched yet on any exchange and no pre-sale or ico offerings Is done on pi.
Since there is no pre-sale, the only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners. So a pi merchant facilitates these transactions by acting as a bridge for both transactions.
How can i find a pi vendor/merchant?
Well for those who haven't traded with a pi merchant or who don't already have one. I will leave the what'sapp number of my personal pi merchant who i trade pi with.
Message: +12349014282 VIA Whatsapp.
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This assessment plan proposal is to outline a structured approach to evaluati...
This assessment plan proposal is to outline a structured approach to evaluati...lamluanvan.net Viết thuê luận văn
Luận Văn Group hỗ trợ viết luận văn thạc sĩ,chuyên đề,khóa luận tốt nghiệp, báo cáo thực tập, Assignment, Essay
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Tham gia nhóm hỗ trợ viết bài fb: https://www.facebook.com/groups/285625754522599?locale=vi_VNcan I really make money with pi network.
Yes of course, you can easily start mining pi network coin today and sell to legit pi vendors in the United States.
Here the what'sapp contact of my personal vendor.
+12349014282
#pi network #pi coins #legit #passive income
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What website can I sell pi coins securely.
Currently there are no website or exchange that allow buying or selling of pi coins..
But you can still easily sell pi coins, by reselling it to exchanges/crypto whales interested in holding thousands of pi coins before the mainnet launch.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi coins from miners and resell to these crypto whales and holders of pi..
This is because pi network is not doing any pre-sale. The only way exchanges can get pi is by buying from miners and pi merchants stands in between the miners and the exchanges.
How can I sell my pi coins?
Selling pi coins is really easy, but first you need to migrate to mainnet wallet before you can do that. I will leave the what'sapp contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with.
+12349014282
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BYD SWOT Analysis and In-Depth Insights 2024.pptx
Indepth analysis of the BYD 2024
BYD (Build Your Dreams) is a Chinese automaker and battery manufacturer that has snowballed over the past two decades to become a significant player in electric vehicles and global clean energy technology.
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where can I find a legit pi merchant online
Yes. This is very easy what you need is a recommendation from someone who has successfully traded pi coins before with a merchant.
Who is a pi merchant?
A pi merchant is someone who buys pi network coins and resell them to Investors looking forward to hold thousands of pi coins before the open mainnet.
I will leave the what'sapp contact of my personal pi merchant to trade with
+12349014282
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