Maak Impex Pvt Ltd https://maakimpex.com The company under reference sells and advocates the use of Biodegradable packaging materials for the industry at large. #maakimpex

1. MAAK IMPEX PVT LTD
BIODEGRADABLE PLASTICS
GO GREEN
GO WITH MAAK IMPEX
LET US GIVE BACK TO
NATURE AS MUCH AS WE
TAKE

2. THE EXCITING JOURNEY OF TRASH
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to play video

3. Save The Planet
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TO PLAY

4. STOP POLLUTING SAVE TREES

5.  Plastics are strong, light-weight, inexpensive, easily process able and energy
efficient.
 They have excellent barrier properties. They are disposable, and very durable.
However, these attributes of strength and indestructibility cause problems
when these materials enter the waste stream.
 This results in an irreversible build-up of these materials in the environment
causing scary situation.
 Today’s plastics are designed with little consideration for their ultimate
disposability or recyclability. This has resulted in mounting world wide
concerns over the environmental consequences of such materials when they
enter the waste stream after their intended uses.
PLASTIC

6.  Normal Plastic bags do not biodegrade, they will remain in the soil.
 On average we only recycle one plastic bag in every 200 we use. Each year, an
estimated 500 billion to 1 trillion plastic bags are consumed worldwide. That comes
out to over one million per minute. Billions end up as litter each year.
 Non-degradable plastic accumulate in the environment at a rate of 25 million tons
per year.
 Average use of a plastic bag is 20 minutes. But it takes upto 1000 years to decay.
 Indian Per capita consumption of plastic is 5 kg annually. Means, average usage of
each person is 2 bags per day (40 micron bag of 12” x 12” size).
 Carelessly thrown more and more layers of plastics do not allow water to per
colatein soil. Water table goes down. Earth becomes hotter. Our country will
soon face acute water shortage.
 The available drinking water may get more polluted & increase water borne diseases.
 90% of the floating marine litter is plastic.
 46000 pcs of plastic found in1sq.mile of ocean.
 Toxic plastic dust spread in food chain now found in human blood.
NORMAL PLASTIC - A FEW FACTS

7. Plastic Bags Are Too
Expensive for our planet.
 13 plastic bags = Petroleum to drive 1 mile.
 Plastic bags are made from oil: it takes about 430,000 gallons of oil
to produce 100 million plastic bags: way to expensive !
 Plastic bags take 400 – 1,000 years to biodegrade.
 A Whopping 91% of Plastic Isn't Recycled.
 Indians usage of plastic 20 million metric tons per annum by
2020 shopping bags every day which equates to a whopping 6.92
billion each year.
 IF these 6.92 billion plastic bags were tied together, they would circle the
globe 48 times…!

8. Wildlife and Environment
 Over 100 million marine animals are killed each year due to plastic debris in the
ocean. Currently, it is estimated that there are 100 million tons of plastic in oceans
around the world.
 Plastic doesn’t just accumulate in the ocean and make for an unsightly mess. It is
hurting and killing a great deal of marine life all over the world.
 The manufacture of plastic, as well as its destruction by incineration, pollutes air,
land and water and exposes workers to toxic chemicals, including carcinogens. ...
Synthetic plastic does not biodegrade. It just sits and accumulates in landfills or
pollutes the environment.

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2008
2009
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2010
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2010
2011
2011
2011
Buenos Aires all plastic bags, must be by 2010
biodegradable
South Australia all plastic bags
Bolivia all plastic bags
France all non biodegradable bags at all shops
Sioux Lookout, Ontario all plastic bags
Wood Buffalo, Alberta all single use bags
Manitoba all single use bags
Thompson Canada plastic bags
Italy all non biodegradable bags at all shops
Northern Territory Australia all plastic bags
New South Wales all plastic bags
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World Wide Plastic Bag Bans:
1999 Corsica in large stores – first island
2002 Bangladesh all polyethylene bags – first large country
2003 Taiwan plastic plates, cups, cutlery
2003 Himachal Pradesh India manufacture, sale, and use of all
plastic bags
2003 South Africa – all think plastic bags, retailers not in
compliance fined $13,000US
2003 Rwanda – all polythene products
2004 Papa New Guinea all plastic bags, retailers not in compliance
face jail time
2005 Delhi, Mumbai, Maharashtra, Sikkim, Goa, Kerala and
Karnataka States of India
2006 Tanzania all plastic bags
2007 Taiwan all plastic bags
2007 Kenya and Uganda all plastic bags
2008 China all plastic bags – production, sale and use of bags
under .025mm thick

10. AN ILLUSTRATEDS GUIDE BOOK FOR PLASTIC AND TERMOCOL BAN NOTIFICATION

11. AN ILLUSTRATEDS GUIDE BOOK FOR PLASTIC AND TERMOCOL BAN NOTIFICATION

12. Alternate to Plastic Bags
Cloth, Jute, Paper, Degradable plastic and Non-woven bags
are used as alternative to plastic bags.
 Cloth, Jute & Paper bags are more expensive.
 Cloth and Jute Bags can be reused more number of times. But paper bags are not really
reused.
 13-17 trees are required to get one ton of Paper.
 Paper requires 5 times more energy than plastic.
 Most of the Paper and Jute bags are not fully biodegradable. Either/Both sides of these bags
are poly-coated.
 They require at least 50 times more landfill area.
 They require more transportation and leave more carbon footprint.
 Degradable Plastic and Non-woven bags will degrade. But remain in powder form and pollute
more areas of soil and water.

13. What can we do to reduce plastic
consumption ?
Choose Biodegradable GREEN BAGS
 Bring your own shopping bag. ...
 Stop buying bottled water. ...
 Bring your own thermos to the coffee shop. ...
 Choose cardboard over plastic bottles and bags. ...
 Say no to straws. ...
 Get the plastic off your face. ...
 Skip the disposable razor. ...
 Switch from disposable diapers to cloth

14.  In simple terms, Biodegradability measures the capacity of micro organisms present
in the disposal environment to completely consume the carbon product within
reasonable and defined time frame in the specified environment.
 The Carbon product is taken inside the microbial cell and biologically oxidized to
C02 which releases energy that is utilized by the micro organism for its life
processes to multiply growth.
 Degradability and partial biodegradability is not an option ! – it can pose serious
environmental consequences.
 “Biodegradable plastics should have the needed performance characteristic for what
they are intended to use (like carrying, packing, etc.), but after the use they should
undergo biodegradation in the environment condition”.
 A truly biodegradable plastic will be converted to C02, H2O and compost leaving no
persistent or toxic residue.
Biodegradability

15.  MAAK IMPEX BIOGREEN Bags are 100 % Biodegradable, made of natural
material, like sugarcane , starch and vegetable oil derivatives.
 MAAK IMPEX BIOGREEN bags are 100 % compostable. Bags dissolves in
just 15 seconds in boiling water and a day at normal temperature and takes
less than 180 days to de-compose naturally once dis-carded. So users can
throw them away without worrying about harming the environment. The bags
are even edible and will cause no harm to animals if ingested and to marine
life.
ABOUT THE PRODUCT

16. Why MAAK IMPEX BIOGREEN instead of
Paper or Plastic
 When littered our bags will compost in in 180 days in a composting facility or less &
meeting the Global standards ASTM D 6400 & EN 13432.
 PLA + PBAT Based .These are Bio based, Biodegradable & 100% Compostable raw
materials resulting in 100% Compostable bag.
 The product is food grade.
 REACH Compliance.
 Durability like that of conventional plastic.
 Sustainable solution.
.

17. MAAK IMPEX PVT LTD.
 MAAK IMPEX PVT LTD managed to overcome all the disadvantages of the other
genuine biodegradable plastics.
 Advantages of MAAK IMPEX PVT LTD
 No compromise on bio degradation.
 Good strength.
 Shelf life of at least two years.
 Nice aesthetic look.
 Affordable price than other biodegradable plastic.
 Less price than paper cloth and jute bag.
 Conforms stringent international & Indian standards of biodegradable plastic -
EN 13432 & ISO 17088 and US Standard ASTM D6400.

18.  Heat resistance 195 F (91 C) to 205 F (96 C).
 Water proof PRINTING friendly bags
 solvent or water-based printing inks can be used.
 Flexible and highly stretchable (thickness can be down gauged upto10 m min)
 Our 20 micorns bags can provide the same strength as 50 micorn
LDPE/ LLDPE/ HDPE
 Can be translucent white/ translucent natural
 Has an elegant surface gloss along with soft feel apart from best strength.
 Color bags can be made, Can be branded .
 All our products are certified for biodegradation & Compostability as per the
international standards
 Our products are food grade OUR Products are all so certified by CIPET,
SRIRAM and SGS
STAND OUT FEATURES OF OUR
PRODUCTS

19. Products
Grocery Carry BAGS
11x12
13x16
16x20
Customization/color / branding is possible.
Grocery/Carry Bags
Standard Sizes
Available 10x14
13x16
16x20
20x26

20. Biodegradable
Trash / Dustbin liners Bags
Customization/color / branding is possible.

21. MAAK IMPEX BIOGREEN
Product Line.

22. RECYCLING
Recycling can be an excellent way of handling waste…
Not always..!
• Recycling does not occur until somebody actually uses the material.
• 1 TO 7% of total plastic waste only is recycled.
• Usage of recycled plastic increases health concerns. Most of the plastics collected
are not properly cleaned before being recycled. Large quantities of water required
for cleaning the used plastic.
• Consistent and reliable supply of clean plastic is not possible.
• Toxic chemicals and colors are added to cover up dirt/stain.
• The recycled product has to be broken down by machines, transported away and then
re-machined; all of which takes up a lot of energy and leaves carbon footprint.
• After recycling two three times further recycling of these reprocessed materials
become difficult. Recycled plastics are still floating around the world. Even after
recycling 2 or 3 times it is ‘not given back to nature’.

23.  Additives which consist of ‘transition metals’ (Co, Mn, Mg, Fe and Zn) speed up the
‘oxidation and chain scission’ of plastic when exposed to air ,heat and light.
 The theory behind this is to ‘shorten the polymer chains ’to the point where they can
be consumed by micro organisms. Unfortunately the process breaks the polymer
chain but does not disintegrate/unzip the molecular structure of the polyethylene
to subject it to microbial activity. There is no proof of microbial activity
(biological degradation) taking place.
 These littered Oxo-biodegradable plastic bags will fragment in few years and will
persist in the soil for years like normal plastic.
What is Oxo-biodegradable plastic?

24. Oxo-bio additives come under attack
Defra: UK Government-funded research challenged the environmental
credentials of Oxo-biodegradable plastics.
 The study, commissioned by the Department for Environment, Food and
Rural Affairs (Defra), said the Oxo-biodegradable plastics rely on an
additive that can break down the polymer chains in the plastic making
them brittle and speeds up the “degradation process alone” and “not bio
degradation”.
 Defra report also warned that these plastics are “neither suitable for
conventional recycling methods (due to the chemical additives which
induce premature cracks/degradation), nor suitable for composting (as
microbial activity is not taking place)”.
 European Bio plastic Council -Position Paper on Oxo-Biodegradable
Plastic:
 ‘Fragmentation’ is ‘Not the Same as
Biodegradation’
 An Answer to Littering or the ‘Promotion of
Littering’?
 Accumulation of Plastic ‘Fragments Bears
Risks for the Environment’
 ‘Organic Recovery Is Not Feasible’
 Plastic ‘Recycling Schemes Are Disturbed’.

25. Connotation…
 Degradation:
 An irreversible process leading to a significant changes of structure of material.
 Degradable:
 Degradation to a specific extent within a given time.
 Disintegration:
 Losing cohesion or unity of the inter molecular elements attraction.
 Biodegradation:
 Degradation resulting from the action of naturally occurring micro organisms such as
bacteria, fungi and algae.
 Composting:
 Degradation by biological processes during composting to yield CO2, water, inorganic
compounds and bio mass and leaves no visible, distinguishable or toxic residue.

26. Connotation (Contd…)
 Bio-polymers or Bio-sourced or Bio-based polymers means that they have been made
from a biological (living) or renewable source such as agricultural based feed stocks.
e.g.: corn, soybeans, grasses, or other plant mass
 Biodegradable polymers or Biodegradable products means they may be broken down
by the living organisms like bacteria that exist in nature.
 Being “Bio-based does not mean that they are Biodegradable”.
 Being “Biodegradable does not mean that they must be Bio-sourced”.

27.  Government of India signed MOU with ISO and created ISO 17088 as Indian
Standards for Compostable/Biodegradable plastics and Tests should have been
performed as per any one of the procedures mentioned below.
 Aerobic Biodegradability:
 IS/ISO14851:1999- Oxygen demand in closed Respirometer
 IS/ISO14852:1999- Analysis of evolved Carbon dioxide
 IS/ISO14853:2005 –Measurement of Biogas Production
 IS/ISO14855-1:2005- Analysis of evolved Carbon dioxide
 IS/ISO14855-2:2007- Analysis of evolved Carbon dioxide
 IS/ISO16929:2002- Under defined composting condition – pilot scale test
 IS/ISO17556:2003– Oxygen demand in a Respirometer / CO2 evolved
 IS/ISO20200:2004– Under stimulated Composting condition – Pilot scale
 Anaerobic Biodegradation:
 IS/ISO15985:2004-Under High Solid s– Analysis of released Biogas

28. Standards and Names
 Different standards and names are used for different purposes.
 But all test standards say that test should be carried out for180 days in an experienced
and accredited laboratory. Almost all the standards say 90% biodegradation is required
in180 days.
 Any plastic bag which satisfies the following conditions can be called as “Genuine
Biodegradable / Compostable Plastic”.
 Minimum 90% of Co2 evolution should be achieved within180 days in the lab condition
to prove Microbial activity is taking place.
 Heavy metal and toxic substances should not be more than the prescribed limits as per
the standards.
 Testing only for 45 days / 60 days / 90 days and extrapolating is not correct. Lesser
amount of starch/cellulose added product can biodegrade initially and balance of
plastic material will fail to biodegrade at later stage.
 In our case we use plastic material and making it completely biodegradable as per the
best standards.

29. What should be the raw-material for
Biodegradable plastic made?
 The “Scope” of BIS prescribed Indian Standard Specification for Compostable Plastics
ISO17088:2008 specifies as follows: “This International Standard specifies procedures and
requirements for the identification and labeling of plastics and products made from plastics that
are suitable for recovery through aerobic composting. ’Infact it specifies about the plastic, and not
biopolymer. If it restricts bio-based/natural polymer only, there is no need to see end result and
Biodegradable/compostable plastic standards are not required.
 The “Scope” of ISO 14855-2:2007 Indian Standard: “Determination of the Ultimate Aerobic
Biodegradability of Plastic materials Under Controlled Composting Conditions –Method by
Analysis of Evolved Carbon dioxide” allows the following materials: “The method applies to the
following materials”:
 Synthetic and/or Natural Polymer sand Co-Polymers and Mixtures of these;
 Plastic Material that Contain Additives such as Plasticizers or Colorants;
 Water-soluble Polymers;
 Materials that under the test conditions do not inhibit the activity micro organisms present in the
in colum.
 If the test material inhibits microorganisms in the inoculum, another type of mature compost or
pre-exposure compost can be used.

30. Thank You
MAAK IMPEX PVT LTD