This document provides an overview of container gardening for beginners in Alaska. It discusses various container options from buckets to boxes. It recommends filling containers with a soil mix of sand, peat moss, and compost or loam to provide nutrients and drainage. Seeds can be started indoors in early spring and transplanted outdoors in June, or some seeds like lettuce can be planted directly. The document provides tips on planting, thinning, weeding, and caring for plants with water, light, and dealing with pests. Harvesting and a planting calendar are also discussed.
This document provides information on composting, including what composting is, why people should compost, and how to start and maintain a compost pile. Composting transforms organic waste into a nutrient-rich soil amendment by creating conditions for microorganisms to break down materials. Maintaining the proper balance of brown and green materials, moisture, air, and soil allows for an efficient decomposition process. Examples of suitable compostable materials include yard trimmings and some food scraps, while meat, oils, and diseased plants should be avoided. Regularly turning and mixing the pile helps aeration.
This document discusses the production of the second edition of the Alice Springs Vegie Garden Companion. It thanks the many contributors to the first edition and the new editor, Katrina Patton, for her work in producing this revised version. It acknowledges the support of the Northern Territory Government through an environment grant. The Companion is intended to inspire and assist people in growing their own food in arid Australia. It provides tips on planning gardens, soil preparation, dealing with weeds, and creating no-dig and container gardens.
Composting is a natural process that turns food waste and other organic materials into nutrient-rich soil. There are different scales of composting, from small indoor worm bins to large commercial operations. Whately Elementary School does medium-scale composting of cafeteria food scraps and paper in an on-site bin, which is then taken to Bear Path Farm for large-scale composting. Composting keeps food waste out of landfills, where it would decompose and release the potent greenhouse gas methane.
Greenhouse: Fertile Ground for Growing Minds
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
This document summarizes a day working on Oak Spring Farm in Northern Maryland. It describes the farm crew planting 400 strawberry plants and 397 plants remaining. It then discusses the fulfilling but physically exhausting work of tilling, planting, weeding, harvesting, washing, sorting, and sharing lunch. The document highlights the farm ecosystem including interns, volunteers, and chickens and concludes that farming requires organization but they take things one step at a time over lunch of farm-fresh sandwiches and kombucha.
A group of 25 gardeners in Pend Oreille County completed training to become Master Gardeners. They must now volunteer 40 hours over the next year. The document introduces the new Master Gardeners and discusses several gardening topics like growing spinach and arugula over winter, an annual plant sale, a survey of county residents, the Pend Oreille Valley Farmers Market, information on kale as a superfood vegetable including recipes, and a food bank garden project that provides produce to those in need.
The document provides steps for aloha papaya production and anaerobic fermentation of kitchen garbage using bokashi. It discusses how Aloha House built soil fertility through resource recovery methods like vermicomposting, aerobic composting, and bokashi to transform high acid clay soil with cogon into fertile soil able to produce 6 kilos of papaya without chemicals. It also describes their community supported agriculture program and EM1 effective microorganisms product used for crops and livestock.
This document provides information on growing basic vegetables in containers for those with limited outdoor space. It discusses suitable container options that are deep, durable, and have drainage holes. The soil should be rich, friable garden soil mixed with sand and compost. Liquid manure can be used to fertilize the plants. Many vegetables are suitable for containers, including tomatoes, lettuce, carrots, herbs, and some Asian vegetables. Proper container selection, soil mix, fertilization, and choosing suitable vegetable varieties allows for the production of homegrown food in small outdoor areas.
This document provides information on composting, including what composting is, why people should compost, and how to start and maintain a compost pile. Composting transforms organic waste into a nutrient-rich soil amendment by creating conditions for microorganisms to break down materials. Maintaining the proper balance of brown and green materials, moisture, air, and soil allows for an efficient decomposition process. Examples of suitable compostable materials include yard trimmings and some food scraps, while meat, oils, and diseased plants should be avoided. Regularly turning and mixing the pile helps aeration.
This document discusses the production of the second edition of the Alice Springs Vegie Garden Companion. It thanks the many contributors to the first edition and the new editor, Katrina Patton, for her work in producing this revised version. It acknowledges the support of the Northern Territory Government through an environment grant. The Companion is intended to inspire and assist people in growing their own food in arid Australia. It provides tips on planning gardens, soil preparation, dealing with weeds, and creating no-dig and container gardens.
Composting is a natural process that turns food waste and other organic materials into nutrient-rich soil. There are different scales of composting, from small indoor worm bins to large commercial operations. Whately Elementary School does medium-scale composting of cafeteria food scraps and paper in an on-site bin, which is then taken to Bear Path Farm for large-scale composting. Composting keeps food waste out of landfills, where it would decompose and release the potent greenhouse gas methane.
Greenhouse: Fertile Ground for Growing Minds
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110 ~
This document summarizes a day working on Oak Spring Farm in Northern Maryland. It describes the farm crew planting 400 strawberry plants and 397 plants remaining. It then discusses the fulfilling but physically exhausting work of tilling, planting, weeding, harvesting, washing, sorting, and sharing lunch. The document highlights the farm ecosystem including interns, volunteers, and chickens and concludes that farming requires organization but they take things one step at a time over lunch of farm-fresh sandwiches and kombucha.
A group of 25 gardeners in Pend Oreille County completed training to become Master Gardeners. They must now volunteer 40 hours over the next year. The document introduces the new Master Gardeners and discusses several gardening topics like growing spinach and arugula over winter, an annual plant sale, a survey of county residents, the Pend Oreille Valley Farmers Market, information on kale as a superfood vegetable including recipes, and a food bank garden project that provides produce to those in need.
The document provides steps for aloha papaya production and anaerobic fermentation of kitchen garbage using bokashi. It discusses how Aloha House built soil fertility through resource recovery methods like vermicomposting, aerobic composting, and bokashi to transform high acid clay soil with cogon into fertile soil able to produce 6 kilos of papaya without chemicals. It also describes their community supported agriculture program and EM1 effective microorganisms product used for crops and livestock.
This document provides information on growing basic vegetables in containers for those with limited outdoor space. It discusses suitable container options that are deep, durable, and have drainage holes. The soil should be rich, friable garden soil mixed with sand and compost. Liquid manure can be used to fertilize the plants. Many vegetables are suitable for containers, including tomatoes, lettuce, carrots, herbs, and some Asian vegetables. Proper container selection, soil mix, fertilization, and choosing suitable vegetable varieties allows for the production of homegrown food in small outdoor areas.
Companion Planting: Growing Together Organic Gardening - South East Essex Org...Fairlee3z
The newsletter provides information about upcoming events for the South East Essex Organic Gardeners group, including talks on various organic gardening topics. It also includes notices about local farmers markets, financial matters for the group, and resources from organizations like Garden Organic. The document discusses the group's history and principles of organic gardening, as well as courses, publications, and other opportunities of interest to members.
10. Kitchen gardening A Series of Lectures By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Former ...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document provides guidance on kitchen gardening in 6 steps: 1) selecting a site that gets full sun and has good irrigation, 2) deciding garden size, 3) preparing soil by tilling and adding compost, 4) selecting crops suited to the climate and planting schedule, 5) maintaining the garden through irrigation, weeding, and pest control, and 6) harvesting produce. Key recommendations include building raised beds for easier access and warmer soil, starting seeds indoors for crops with long seasons, and using drip irrigation and mulch to conserve water. The goal is to harvest fresh vegetables every month through succession planting and selecting crops for each growing season.
This document provides a summary of gardening information for northern Manitoba, including:
1) It discusses ideal garden locations, such as south-facing slopes near water and sheltering trees, and describes soil types like loam being best for gardening.
2) A gardening calendar outlines monthly tasks from seed ordering in February to harvest and storage from August to winter.
3) Information on tools, fencing, site preparation, planting guides, maintenance activities, and storage are summarized to help northern gardeners get started.
Basic Gardening Manual for Northern Manitoba, Canada
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
Growing Winter Vegetables Guide for Clackamas County, Oregon, Gardening Guidebook for Oregon ~ Clackamas County Master Gardeners
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
This document provides resources and information for organic vegetable gardeners, including book and website recommendations, soil amendment guidelines, planting charts, and cultivation techniques. It recommends the book The Organic Gardeners Handbook as the top book for new organic gardeners. It also provides details on building healthy soil such as applying compost at a rate of 6-12 buckets per 100 square feet annually. Charts outline nutrient sources, heat-tolerant plants, planting amounts per person, and calculations for planning garden plantings.
Fourteen LSU AgCenter agents attended a workshop to learn how to establish and teach about butterfly gardens. Through an Innovation Grant, the agents will establish butterfly gardens in their parishes and teach children about the butterfly life cycle and plants that attract butterflies. The document lists the agents and parishes that will receive new butterfly gardens.
The document provides ideas for designing backyard gardens inspired by children's stories and literature. It discusses several themes including a tropical garden inspired by Graeme Base's illustrations, an Australian bush garden drawing from Blinky Bill and Wombat Stew, an English cottage garden reflecting Beatrix Potter's works, and more. Each section provides plant and design suggestions to bring the themes to life in your backyard.
This document provides information about worm composting and caring for earthworms. It discusses the benefits of worm composting, including creating nutrient-rich compost and reducing organic waste. Instructions are given for setting up a worm farm, including obtaining worms, adding bedding and food scraps, and harvesting the finished compost. Tips are provided, such as chopping food, maintaining moisture levels, and avoiding fatty foods that can cause odors. The document encourages people to start worm composting to easily recycle kitchen scraps into a valuable natural fertilizer.
This document summarizes a brownbag presentation on summer gardening in the heat given by Eileen Kane. The goals of the presentation were to teach people which vegetables and herbs thrive in the summer heat and how to care for them efficiently with less water, pesticides, and fertilizer. Some recommended plants included tomatoes, ginger, sesame, and passion vine. The presentation also discussed heirloom versus hybrid plants, spring and summer herbs, insect friends and foes, seed germination, and a summer greens project exploring heat-tolerant leafy greens.
Drought Conditions Call for Water-Wise Gardening - HawaiiFabienne22Q
Drought conditions caused by an El Nino pattern are affecting parts of Hawaii Island and causing water shortages. Gardening methods that conserve water, such as container gardening, are recommended. Container gardening keeps water in the immediate root zone of plants and requires less watering. Many plants such as herbs, greens, beans, potatoes and tropical trees can be grown successfully in containers. Proper watering and using soil mixes that retain moisture can help plants survive during dry periods.
How to Use Straw Bales to Create a Diverse, Safe and Fertile Raised GardenCarolyn Zezima
Straw bales are an ideal vehicle for starting a small or pilot children's gardening program or as an alternative for traditional raised beds on patios or any place where space or soil quality is an issue. They are great for planting summer vegetables and tomatoes, and for greens in the spring and fall. They are completely biodegradable, and after a season or two, will break down into compost. Here’s what you need to know to set up, prep and plant your straw bale garden:
Worm Recycling and Composting Instruction Manualx3G9
This document provides instructions for using a Tumbleweed worm farm. It begins with an introduction to worm farms and the different models available. It then provides detailed steps for setting up and maintaining the worm farm, including feeding the worms, harvesting worm castings, and answering frequently asked questions. The instructions emphasize providing the optimal moisture level and environment for the worms to break down food waste into nutrient-rich fertilizer.
Companion Plantings and Cover Crops - Oakland, CaliforniaFairlee3z
This document summarizes part two of a three part series on "Good Farming and the Public Good" from the book Meeting the Expectations of the Land by Donald Worster. It argues that good farming promotes a just society by providing opportunity and livelihood through access to land. However, agriculture is currently failing in its obligation to provide for the poor, landless, and minority groups. Concentration of land ownership has increased inequality. For agriculture to be strong, it needs to rediscover democratic principles of distributing land and opportunity more evenly.
This document provides an overview of Eliot Coleman's development of a system for year-round vegetable gardening in Vermont. Some key points:
- Eliot was inspired to create a winter gardening system while working as a farm manager at a private school in Vermont in the 1980s. He wanted students to have hands-on gardening experience year-round.
- He started with a simple cold frame design, planting hardy winter crops like spinach, carrots, and salad greens. The cold frames provided enough protection to harvest into the winter.
- Adding a layer of protection by building a hoop house over the cold frames, called a "double layer" system, allowed harvesting even later into the winter by
Xeriscaping with Herbs - Tucson Organic GardenersEric851q
The document discusses xeriscaping with herbs, which involves choosing drought-tolerant plants to minimize watering by 30-80%. Many Mediterranean herbs like sage, rosemary, and thyme require little water once established. The author discovered this topic in a herbal newsletter and shares their experience with a low-water herb garden using compost, mulch, and drip irrigation, which thrived with minimal care. A list of drought-hardy herb and flower suggestions is provided.
This document provides descriptions of several gardens visited on a garden walk tour. It describes the structural elements, plantings, and design features of each garden, including hostas and conifers at the Hartman Family Farm, alpacas and a water feature at Waldron Grove Alpaca Farm, a 2-acre native plant garden at the Neville Garden, a small pond with goldfish at Countryside Pond Tour, and a butterfly garden with Monarch attracting plants at the Donahue Garden. The gardens showcase a variety of garden styles and plantings.
A Fall-Focused School Garden Guide ~ MA Ag in Classroom
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
`
Companion Planting Increases Food Production from School Gardens
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
This document calls for a declaration on the TRIPS agreement and food security. It summarizes that the TRIPS agreement, which requires countries to adopt minimum standards of intellectual property protection, is having negative effects on small farmers' access to seeds in developing countries. This threatens their food security now and in the future. The document provides background on traditional seed exchange practices, the development of intellectual property laws, and how the TRIPS agreement is impacting developing nations. It concludes by calling for a new declaration in the World Trade Organization to ensure food security and sustainable development in poor countries.
Plant a Row for the Hungry - Twin Cities, University of MinnesotaFayme4q
This document advertises a program called "Plant a Row for the Hungry" that encourages home gardeners to donate excess produce to the local food shelf. Gardeners can get involved by donating extra vegetables, fruits, or herbs from their garden or by planting an entire row specifically for donation. The Red Wing Area Food Shelf located at First Lutheran Church accepts donations during open hours on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Fridays or in an off-hours donation box with a call to the coordinators.
Companion Planting: Growing Together Organic Gardening - South East Essex Org...Fairlee3z
The newsletter provides information about upcoming events for the South East Essex Organic Gardeners group, including talks on various organic gardening topics. It also includes notices about local farmers markets, financial matters for the group, and resources from organizations like Garden Organic. The document discusses the group's history and principles of organic gardening, as well as courses, publications, and other opportunities of interest to members.
10. Kitchen gardening A Series of Lectures By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Former ...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document provides guidance on kitchen gardening in 6 steps: 1) selecting a site that gets full sun and has good irrigation, 2) deciding garden size, 3) preparing soil by tilling and adding compost, 4) selecting crops suited to the climate and planting schedule, 5) maintaining the garden through irrigation, weeding, and pest control, and 6) harvesting produce. Key recommendations include building raised beds for easier access and warmer soil, starting seeds indoors for crops with long seasons, and using drip irrigation and mulch to conserve water. The goal is to harvest fresh vegetables every month through succession planting and selecting crops for each growing season.
This document provides a summary of gardening information for northern Manitoba, including:
1) It discusses ideal garden locations, such as south-facing slopes near water and sheltering trees, and describes soil types like loam being best for gardening.
2) A gardening calendar outlines monthly tasks from seed ordering in February to harvest and storage from August to winter.
3) Information on tools, fencing, site preparation, planting guides, maintenance activities, and storage are summarized to help northern gardeners get started.
Basic Gardening Manual for Northern Manitoba, Canada
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
Growing Winter Vegetables Guide for Clackamas County, Oregon, Gardening Guidebook for Oregon ~ Clackamas County Master Gardeners
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214 ~
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079 ~
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Increase Food Production with Companion Planting in your School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159 ~
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348 ~
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden =
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440 ~
`
Huerto Ecológico, Tecnologías Sostenibles, Agricultura Organica
http://scribd.com/doc/239850233
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide =
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
This document provides resources and information for organic vegetable gardeners, including book and website recommendations, soil amendment guidelines, planting charts, and cultivation techniques. It recommends the book The Organic Gardeners Handbook as the top book for new organic gardeners. It also provides details on building healthy soil such as applying compost at a rate of 6-12 buckets per 100 square feet annually. Charts outline nutrient sources, heat-tolerant plants, planting amounts per person, and calculations for planning garden plantings.
Fourteen LSU AgCenter agents attended a workshop to learn how to establish and teach about butterfly gardens. Through an Innovation Grant, the agents will establish butterfly gardens in their parishes and teach children about the butterfly life cycle and plants that attract butterflies. The document lists the agents and parishes that will receive new butterfly gardens.
The document provides ideas for designing backyard gardens inspired by children's stories and literature. It discusses several themes including a tropical garden inspired by Graeme Base's illustrations, an Australian bush garden drawing from Blinky Bill and Wombat Stew, an English cottage garden reflecting Beatrix Potter's works, and more. Each section provides plant and design suggestions to bring the themes to life in your backyard.
This document provides information about worm composting and caring for earthworms. It discusses the benefits of worm composting, including creating nutrient-rich compost and reducing organic waste. Instructions are given for setting up a worm farm, including obtaining worms, adding bedding and food scraps, and harvesting the finished compost. Tips are provided, such as chopping food, maintaining moisture levels, and avoiding fatty foods that can cause odors. The document encourages people to start worm composting to easily recycle kitchen scraps into a valuable natural fertilizer.
This document summarizes a brownbag presentation on summer gardening in the heat given by Eileen Kane. The goals of the presentation were to teach people which vegetables and herbs thrive in the summer heat and how to care for them efficiently with less water, pesticides, and fertilizer. Some recommended plants included tomatoes, ginger, sesame, and passion vine. The presentation also discussed heirloom versus hybrid plants, spring and summer herbs, insect friends and foes, seed germination, and a summer greens project exploring heat-tolerant leafy greens.
Drought Conditions Call for Water-Wise Gardening - HawaiiFabienne22Q
Drought conditions caused by an El Nino pattern are affecting parts of Hawaii Island and causing water shortages. Gardening methods that conserve water, such as container gardening, are recommended. Container gardening keeps water in the immediate root zone of plants and requires less watering. Many plants such as herbs, greens, beans, potatoes and tropical trees can be grown successfully in containers. Proper watering and using soil mixes that retain moisture can help plants survive during dry periods.
How to Use Straw Bales to Create a Diverse, Safe and Fertile Raised GardenCarolyn Zezima
Straw bales are an ideal vehicle for starting a small or pilot children's gardening program or as an alternative for traditional raised beds on patios or any place where space or soil quality is an issue. They are great for planting summer vegetables and tomatoes, and for greens in the spring and fall. They are completely biodegradable, and after a season or two, will break down into compost. Here’s what you need to know to set up, prep and plant your straw bale garden:
Worm Recycling and Composting Instruction Manualx3G9
This document provides instructions for using a Tumbleweed worm farm. It begins with an introduction to worm farms and the different models available. It then provides detailed steps for setting up and maintaining the worm farm, including feeding the worms, harvesting worm castings, and answering frequently asked questions. The instructions emphasize providing the optimal moisture level and environment for the worms to break down food waste into nutrient-rich fertilizer.
Companion Plantings and Cover Crops - Oakland, CaliforniaFairlee3z
This document summarizes part two of a three part series on "Good Farming and the Public Good" from the book Meeting the Expectations of the Land by Donald Worster. It argues that good farming promotes a just society by providing opportunity and livelihood through access to land. However, agriculture is currently failing in its obligation to provide for the poor, landless, and minority groups. Concentration of land ownership has increased inequality. For agriculture to be strong, it needs to rediscover democratic principles of distributing land and opportunity more evenly.
This document provides an overview of Eliot Coleman's development of a system for year-round vegetable gardening in Vermont. Some key points:
- Eliot was inspired to create a winter gardening system while working as a farm manager at a private school in Vermont in the 1980s. He wanted students to have hands-on gardening experience year-round.
- He started with a simple cold frame design, planting hardy winter crops like spinach, carrots, and salad greens. The cold frames provided enough protection to harvest into the winter.
- Adding a layer of protection by building a hoop house over the cold frames, called a "double layer" system, allowed harvesting even later into the winter by
Xeriscaping with Herbs - Tucson Organic GardenersEric851q
The document discusses xeriscaping with herbs, which involves choosing drought-tolerant plants to minimize watering by 30-80%. Many Mediterranean herbs like sage, rosemary, and thyme require little water once established. The author discovered this topic in a herbal newsletter and shares their experience with a low-water herb garden using compost, mulch, and drip irrigation, which thrived with minimal care. A list of drought-hardy herb and flower suggestions is provided.
This document provides descriptions of several gardens visited on a garden walk tour. It describes the structural elements, plantings, and design features of each garden, including hostas and conifers at the Hartman Family Farm, alpacas and a water feature at Waldron Grove Alpaca Farm, a 2-acre native plant garden at the Neville Garden, a small pond with goldfish at Countryside Pond Tour, and a butterfly garden with Monarch attracting plants at the Donahue Garden. The gardens showcase a variety of garden styles and plantings.
A Fall-Focused School Garden Guide ~ MA Ag in Classroom
`
For more information, Please see websites below:
`
Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
`
Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
`
Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
`
Companion Planting Increases Food Production from School Gardens
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
`
Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
`
City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
This document calls for a declaration on the TRIPS agreement and food security. It summarizes that the TRIPS agreement, which requires countries to adopt minimum standards of intellectual property protection, is having negative effects on small farmers' access to seeds in developing countries. This threatens their food security now and in the future. The document provides background on traditional seed exchange practices, the development of intellectual property laws, and how the TRIPS agreement is impacting developing nations. It concludes by calling for a new declaration in the World Trade Organization to ensure food security and sustainable development in poor countries.
Plant a Row for the Hungry - Twin Cities, University of MinnesotaFayme4q
This document advertises a program called "Plant a Row for the Hungry" that encourages home gardeners to donate excess produce to the local food shelf. Gardeners can get involved by donating extra vegetables, fruits, or herbs from their garden or by planting an entire row specifically for donation. The Red Wing Area Food Shelf located at First Lutheran Church accepts donations during open hours on Tuesdays, Thursdays, and Fridays or in an off-hours donation box with a call to the coordinators.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help relax the body and lift the mood.
Plant a Row for the Hungry - University of DelawareFayme4q
The document discusses the Plant-A-Row for the Hungry program, which encourages farmers and gardeners to grow an extra row of produce and donate it to local soup kitchens and food banks to help feed the hungry. It notes that a packet of snap bean seeds yields about 20 pounds of produce and a packet of carrot seeds yields around 100 pounds. Farmers and gardeners can make a difference by planting extra, delivering the harvest to collection sites, or helping the local food bank. Even one extra row of vegetables can significantly help those in need in the community.
Plant a Row for the Hungry - Vermont and New HampshireFayme4q
1) The Plant a Row for the Hungry program encourages gardeners to plant an extra row of vegetables to donate to local food shelves and pantries, helping feed those in need.
2) Last year, over 1.4 million pounds of homegrown produce was donated through this program, providing over 5 million meals.
3) Locally, several organizations accept donations of extra homegrown produce including Listen Community Services in Lebanon, NH, the Upper Valley Haven in White River Junction, VT, and the Bugbee Senior Center in White River Junction.
Gowing on the Inside: A Vegetable Garden at an Women's Prison is Changing LivesFayme4q
A vegetable garden at Coffee Creek Correctional Facility in Wilsonville, Oregon is helping rehabilitate inmates. The garden provides job training for inmates through organic farming and gardening. Produce from the garden is donated to local food banks. The garden program is run by nonprofit organization Grow Local and helps inmates develop skills and a sense of purpose through meaningful work in the garden.
Plant a Row for the Hungry - Ulster County and Dutchess County , NYFayme4q
This document lists contact information for 19 food pantry drop-off sites in the Hudson Valley region of New York. It provides the name and location of each site, the contact person, who is eligible to receive food, how often recipients can receive food, hours of operation, what days food can be dropped off, and any special requests. The sites provide food assistance to those in need in Dutchess, Ulster, and surrounding counties on various schedules throughout the week.
Straw Bale Gardening: The Biodegradable AlternativeS7W1X
Straw bale gardening provides a biodegradable alternative to raised garden beds. The document outlines instructions for preparing straw bales for planting by keeping them damp for 10-12 days and fertilizing with nitrogen to ready them for seeds or seedlings. Plants suitable for the first year of a straw bale include greens, herbs, flowers, tomatoes, and peppers, while root vegetables are better suited to the second year as the bales further decompose.
82 . Kitchen gardening ( in pakistan) A Series of Lectures By Mr. Allah Dad K...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
A Series of Lectures By Mr. Allah Dad Khan Former DG Agriculture Extension KPK , Provincial Project Director CMP II MINFAl Islamabad and Visiting Professor the University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan
Lasagna Garden for Schools - Teacher Guide & Lesson PlansSeeds
This document provides instructions for building a lasagna garden, which is a method of sheet composting. It involves layering cardboard, compost, and mulch without tilling. This saves time and enriches the soil as the materials decompose. The instructions outline laying down cardboard or newspaper, adding 4-6 inches of compost and manure, and topping it with 6 inches of mulch. The lasagna garden should be left to cook for 3-6 months before planting. Sheet composting is similar to traditional Native American gardening methods and creates rich, organic soil full of earthworms with less digging and weeding.
Straw bale gardening is a gardening method that allows people with limited mobility, poor soil quality, or limited space to grow plants. It requires only a few basic items to get started: straw bales, fertilizer, a trowel, water, and soil or compost. The bales must be conditioned for several weeks before planting by keeping them damp to allow for decomposition. Once conditioned, a variety of vegetables and flowers can be planted directly into the bales by making holes in the straw and placing seedlings or seeds in the holes. The bales require regular watering and fertilizing to sustain plant growth.
Hui 'Ehā is creating a digital book about sustainable gardening practices in Hawaii. The book will provide information on planning, establishing, and maintaining a garden, as well as instructions for growing common fruits and vegetables. It will emphasize traditional Hawaiian concepts like taking care of the land. The goal is to help the community become more sustainable by growing their own food from garden to table.
The document discusses urban agriculture and container farming as approaches to address issues with the high cost of food in cities. Container farming allows city dwellers to grow their own fresh fruits and vegetables using recycled containers. It has several benefits including saving money, helping beautify cities by reusing waste, reducing garbage, and providing spiritual and emotional benefits to individuals. The document then provides a step-by-step guide to successful container farming covering topics like planning, choosing crops, soil preparation, and container selection.
78 . Kitchen garden (seed bed preparation) A Series of Lectures By Mr. Allah...Mr.Allah Dad Khan
This document provides instructions for preparing traditional in-ground planting beds. The key steps include:
1) Adding 6 inches of organic matter such as manure or compost to the soil.
2) Tilling the soil to incorporate the organic matter.
3) Removing weeds and rocks from the loosened soil.
4) Marking rows and mounding soil into rows to reduce moisture damage, or leaving rows depressed to catch rainwater.
5) Creating trenches or holes for planting seeds or seedlings.
This document provides guidance for growing food in Alice Springs, Australia's arid central region. It discusses the importance of planning garden location and layout, preparing soil, managing weeds, and creating no-dig garden beds. Tips are provided on planting techniques like hardening off seedlings, pruning fruit trees, and hand pollinating crops. The document encourages community involvement in local food production projects and emphasizes that homegrown food has nutritional, environmental, and cultural benefits.
Gardeners can create raised garden beds using hay or straw bales. The bales hold moisture well and raise the garden to a height that is easier for gardening. Wheat, rice, and barley straw bales are best as they drain well, though other hay types can also work. It is important to select bales that did not come from fields treated with certain herbicides. The bales should be placed in an area with full sun exposure and prepared by thoroughly soaking with water and adding limestone and fertilizer to start the composting process. After two weeks of composting, plants can be planted by making holes in the bales. The bales require regular watering and make gard
This document provides instructions for creating a straw bale garden, including:
- Conditioning straw bales for 10-14 days by applying fertilizer and watering daily to start decomposition.
- Planting seedlings or seeds directly into the conditioned bales, with recommendations for spacing different vegetable plants.
- Staking taller plants like tomatoes to support their growth.
- Ongoing care including watering, fertilizing, and minimal weeding of the bales throughout the growing season.
- At season's end, the bales can be pulled apart and used as compost or mulch to improve soil.
1. Growing your own vegetables is healthier, more convenient, and kids enjoy watching them grow.
2. A "no dig" vegetable garden requires low maintenance by building layers of compostable materials like pea straw and manure instead of digging.
3. Growing your own vegetables means they retain more vitamins since they don't lose nutrients during long-distance transport and storage like commercially grown produce.
This document provides information about setting up a worm composting bin in a classroom. It discusses the benefits of having a worm bin, including teaching students about habitats, nature's cycles, and responsibilities. It provides instructions on building a bin, preparing bedding, feeding the worms, and harvesting the finished compost. The compost produced from worm castings is a nutrient-rich fertilizer that can be used to help plants grow. The document also provides local resources for obtaining worms and bin building supplies.
Teacher Worm Composting Guide
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For more information, Please see websites below:
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Organic Edible Schoolyards & Gardening with Children
http://scribd.com/doc/239851214
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Double Food Production from your School Garden with Organic Tech
http://scribd.com/doc/239851079
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Free School Gardening Art Posters
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159`
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Companion Planting Increases Food Production from School Gardens
http://scribd.com/doc/239851159
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Healthy Foods Dramatically Improves Student Academic Success
http://scribd.com/doc/239851348
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City Chickens for your Organic School Garden
http://scribd.com/doc/239850440
`
Simple Square Foot Gardening for Schools - Teacher Guide
http://scribd.com/doc/239851110
This document provides information about home composting methods. It discusses Wisconsin's law banning yard waste from landfills and incinerators. While municipalities provide yard waste collection, home composting is more economical and beneficial. The document describes hot and cool composting methods and provides instructions for different compost bin designs like snow fence bins, woven wire bins, and wooden pallet bins. It also provides guidelines for composting food scraps and answers frequently asked composting questions.
This document provides guidance on improving soil quality through composting. It discusses testing soil type through simple tests, making compost by layering brown and green materials, and ensuring the compost pile has adequate water and oxygen through regular turning. Fully decomposed compost/humus is dark and earthy, and improves soil structure, nutrient content, and plant health when added to gardens.
Lettuce can be grown year-round with minimal care. It grows quickly and is available as seedlings or seeds. Lettuce prefers cooler weather but modern varieties can be planted all year. It grows best in partial shade with well-draining, organic-rich soil and regular watering. Common varieties include crispyheads, butterheads, cos, and loose-leaf lettuce, which have different growth times from 6-12 weeks. Snails and slugs are major pests but can be deterred with methods like coffee grounds or beer traps.
Southern California Preschool Garden PrimerFayina19z
The document provides instructions for creating a raised garden bed, including a planting schedule and guide for Southern California, a companion planting guide, garden activities for kids such as making seed tapes and pinecone birdfeeders, and recipes using fresh garden ingredients. It aims to educate on organic gardening best practices and engaging children in the garden.
Hay bale gardening is an alternative method for growing vegetables that doesn't require tilling soil or weeding. The method involves placing a bale of hay in the sun, treating it with lime and ammonium sulfate to speed decomposition, and planting vegetables in a soil mixture on top of the bale. Vegetables grow well in this system because the decomposing hay provides nutrients and retains water and moisture. Diseases are less likely to build up from season to season. Common vegetables like tomatoes and peppers can be successfully grown in hay bales, which provide an easy gardening option without the work of tilling soil.
Similar to A Beginner’s Guide to Container Gardening: Helping People Help the Land (20)
Plant a Row for the Hungry - Ulster County, New YorkFayme4q
This document describes the Plant a Row for the Hungry program run by Cornell Cooperative Extension of Ulster County. The program encourages gardeners to plant an extra row of vegetables in their gardens and donate the excess produce to help feed the hungry in Ulster County. Gardeners who sign up receive information on what to plant, soil testing, and markers for their garden. The donated produce is distributed through nutrition programs and food pantries.
Edible Arcata, California: A GIS Perspective For A Local Food-Loving CommunityFayme4q
This document summarizes a master's project by Vanessa M. Vasquez that used GIS to model potential edible landscaping sites on public land in Arcata, California. The project was motivated by Arcata city council goals to develop edible landscaping. Key-informant interviews and spatial analysis of accessibility, proximity to low-income housing and community centers were used to identify suitable sites. A literature review covered topics like local food movements, urban foraging, landscape design, permaculture, traditional local foods, GIS in food systems analysis, and urban agriculture/edible landscaping for sustainability. Maps and a plant list were produced, along with recommendations for implementing the city's edible landsc
Feeding People In Hard Times: What Does Permaculture Have To OfferFayme4q
This document discusses the growing food crisis facing many populations in the US and globally. It notes that 35 million people in the US rely on food aid and that food prices rose significantly in 2007. The author argues that permaculture offers solutions through decentralized local food production that empowers communities and increases food security. Permaculture aims to create sustainable human habitats through working with nature to build productive ecosystems that meet human needs.
Food Sharing Resource List 1 - Our Community Outreach - Portland, OregonFayme4q
This document provides a list of over 30 local community resources in the Portland, Oregon area that are involved with various aspects of food sharing, distribution, and education. The resources are listed alphabetically and include nonprofit organizations, cooperatives, schools, and programs that work to increase access to healthy local food, support local farmers, educate youth and the community about food and agriculture, and reduce hunger.
Food Sharing Resource List 2 - Our Community Outreach - Portland, OregonFayme4q
This document provides a list of local community resources in the Portland, Oregon area that could support community-building projects related to food sharing. It lists over 30 organizations alphabetically, with each organization's name, brief description, and contact information. The list covers a wide range of food and agriculture non-profits, cooperatives, programs and initiatives focused on issues like local and sustainable food systems, food access, community gardens, education, and more. It is provided as a reference for individuals and groups interested in connecting with these local food resources.
From Our Roots: Community Action Program of East Central Oregon and Food BanksFayme4q
This document is a community food assessment report of Gilliam, Morrow, Umatilla, and Wheeler Counties in Oregon. It was conducted by a team from the Community Action Program of East Central Oregon in cooperation with the Oregon Food Bank and Resource Assistance for Rural Environments. The report examines the people, agriculture, and food of each county through interviews and research. It finds that while the counties have a history of abundant agriculture, many residents now experience hunger and lack access to healthy food options. The report concludes with opportunities to improve local food systems in each county through expanding production, access, and education.
Gowing Health: 10 Strategies that Can Create 10 Times the Nutrients in Your F...Fayme4q
This document discusses the importance of growing your own healthy food and provides strategies for doing so. It outlines three approaches: a kitchen garden focusing on sprouting, which significantly increases nutrients in seeds; a balcony garden for growing microgreens in small spaces; and an outdoor garden with options like square foot gardening. It also covers composting, buying groups, blending and juicing. The goal is to make healthy eating easy and affordable by growing nutrient-dense foods with minimal time and cost.
Grow and Thrive: Strategic Planning for Local a Sustainable Food System - Mul...Fayme4q
The Multnomah Food Action Plan provides a 15-year roadmap to transform the local food system in Multnomah County, Oregon into one that is healthy, equitable and prosperous. The Plan was developed with significant community input to establish shared goals and collaborative actions across four pillars - local food, healthy eating, social equity and economic vitality. If successful, the Plan aims to increase local food production and access to healthy foods while supporting living wages and economic opportunities in the regional food system.
Growing a Healthy New York: Innovative Food Projects that End Hunger and Stre...Fayme4q
The Food Bank of Central New York operates a food buying club called Food $EN$E that brings together individuals in communities to cooperatively purchase food packages. Over 1,500 packages are distributed monthly through 42 sites across 16 counties. Participants pre-pay $15.50 and receive a package containing 10-12 fresh and staple food items. The program helps stretch food dollars while increasing access to affordable, nutritious food.
Growing Potatoes Organically: Basics From Seed To StorageFayme4q
Dave Hollingsworth wrote this primer on growing potatoes organically based on a variety trial he conducted at UC Santa Cruz. He provides details on soil preparation, fertilization, seed selection and planting, irrigation, and pest management. The trial compared commercial and specialty potato varieties using biointensive techniques like compost, close spacing, and raised beds. Hollingsworth found that using quality seed potatoes, proper fertilization and irrigation, and encouraging a diverse insect community helped produce a vigorous crop that was more resistant to pests and disease.
Rooftop Greenhouses and Gardens: Cultivating Regional Food SecurityFayme4q
This document summarizes a discussion session at the Cultivating Regional Food Security Conference in Seattle on rooftop greenhouses and gardens. Participants discussed benefits like food production, insulation, and habitat creation. Practical issues included roof leakage and structural weight limits. Sun access, wind resistance, and types of crops were also considered. Recommendations included developing guidelines, demonstration projects, and making rooftop gardens accessible to lower-income groups. Rooftop gardening was proposed as one strategy to meet Seattle's goal of producing 20% of its food within city limits by 2020.
Soil Remineralization: A Key Technique For Healing The WorldFayme4q
This document discusses the importance of remineralizing soils to combat climate change and potential ice age conditions. It provides background on the work and recommendations of John Hamacker and others regarding applying ground rock dust to soils on a massive global scale. Specific organizations and individuals working on remineralization efforts are listed for further information. Victor Kovda, a respected soil scientist, supports the ideas around remineralization and its ability to draw down carbon from the atmosphere. Guidelines are provided on obtaining and applying rock dust to experimental plots.
This document provides guidance for starting a seed and seedling distribution program to address food insecurity. It outlines coordinating the donation of extra seedlings from local greenhouses and nurseries, distributing them along with care instructions to low-income individuals through organizations like food pantries. The goal is to enable people to grow their own fresh, healthy food while reducing waste.
This document provides a discussion guide for the video "Sowing Seeds...Harvesting Hope" about Foods Resource Bank's work with partners in Guatemala and Nicaragua to address food insecurity. It includes 13 discussion questions about stories from communities in Totonicapán, Guatemala and Mateare, Nicaragua. The guide explores how modest resources and training can help smallholder farmers grow their own food sustainably, as well as the challenges of farming in Central America's mountainous highlands and getting crops to market. It notes Foods Resource Bank's collaborative funding model and discusses the complex factors around global food production, smallholder farming, and building rural-urban understanding.
Create Vegetable Beds With Lasagna MulchingFayme4q
Lasagna mulching is a technique for creating vegetable beds without digging up sod. It involves layering nitrogen-rich materials like manure, kitchen scraps, and grass clippings with carbon-rich materials like leaves, straw, and cardboard. The layers decompose over several months to improve soil. The process begins by covering grass with cardboard, then alternating nitrogen and carbon layers finished with carbon on top. When materials are no longer recognizable, the bed is ready for planting. Lasagna mulching improves soil with minimal equipment or time.
Lasagna Gardening - Accessible Gardening for the DisablledFayme4q
Lasagna gardening involves layering yard and food waste without digging. This creates nutrient-rich soil where the layers are placed. Browns like leaves and greens like vegetable scraps are layered alternately and will break down into compost. In fall, layers can break down over winter to be ready for planting in spring. The no-dig method results in loose soil with few weeds that needs less watering and fertilizer.
Lasagna gardening is a layering technique for growing beds that involves alternating layers of straw, fresh organic material, soil amendments like leaf hummus, and topsoil. This creates a nutrient-rich environment for planting. The layers are composted directly in the bed. A lasagna bed is constructed by marking the area, laying down cardboard if needed, then alternating layers of straw, organic material, leaf hummus, natural fertilizer, and topsoil, finishing with a topsoil layer. Worms are added to help break down the layers into healthy soil.
The passage describes the lasagna gardening method, a no-till organic gardening technique. Key points:
- It involves layering wet cardboard, newspaper, grass clippings, leaves, and other organic materials directly on top of existing grass or sod without digging. This suppresses weeds and creates nutrient-rich soil.
- As the layers decompose over winter, they form a thick, dark, loose soil that is easy to plant in in the spring. Additional mulching is all that is needed to maintain the garden with little weeding or work.
- The method was developed by the author out of necessity to garden with limited time and physical ability. It has allowed her to grow more food
This document discusses the benefits of composting and lasagna gardening at home as alternatives to burning yard waste or using gas-powered lawn equipment. Composting turns leaves and other organic materials into nutrient-rich soil, while lasagna gardening creates new gardens without tilling by layering organic materials. Both methods improve air quality by avoiding pollution from burning or equipment emissions. The document provides instructions for setting up compost piles and lasagna gardens using common yard and kitchen waste materials.
Lasagna Gardening Composting - Sheet Mulch - Oregon State UniversityFayme4q
Sheet composting, also known as lasagna composting or sheet mulching, is a method of cold composting that involves layering carbon-rich and nitrogen-rich materials directly on the soil. It is useful for improving soil quality, converting lawn to garden beds, and expanding garden space. The process is simple, involving alternating layers of materials like leaves, manure, and newspaper until the pile reaches 18 inches to 3 feet tall. It may take 6 months or longer to fully decompose before planting, as there is no heat generated. Sheet composting is a low-cost and easy way to improve soil structure and recycle organic materials.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
Strategies for Effective Upskilling is a presentation by Chinwendu Peace in a Your Skill Boost Masterclass organisation by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan on 08th and 09th June 2024 from 1 PM to 3 PM on each day.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
How to Fix the Import Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
An import error occurs when a program fails to import a module or library, disrupting its execution. In languages like Python, this issue arises when the specified module cannot be found or accessed, hindering the program's functionality. Resolving import errors is crucial for maintaining smooth software operation and uninterrupted development processes.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
MATATAG CURRICULUM: ASSESSING THE READINESS OF ELEM. PUBLIC SCHOOL TEACHERS I...NelTorrente
In this research, it concludes that while the readiness of teachers in Caloocan City to implement the MATATAG Curriculum is generally positive, targeted efforts in professional development, resource distribution, support networks, and comprehensive preparation can address the existing gaps and ensure successful curriculum implementation.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Group Presentation 2 Economics.Ariana Buscigliopptx
A Beginner’s Guide to Container Gardening: Helping People Help the Land
1. A Beginner’s Guide to Container Gardening
Compiled & written by
Lee Coray-Ludden, Kenai Peninsula RC&D &
Pam Voeller, Natural Resources Conservation Service
2. Helping People Help the Land
Natural Resources Conservation Service
www.ak.nrcs.usda.gov
2/16
3. The Kenai Peninsula Bucket Brigade
A Beginner’s Guide to Container Gardening
Introduction……………………………………………………………………...…...………... 4
Buckets…………………………………………………………………………...……….…… 5
Soil & Fertilizer…………………………………………………………………………...…... 6
Seeds/Starts/Planting/Thinning/Weeding………………………………………..………….… 8
Light/Wind/Water………………………………………………………………..………….… 10
Pests and Other Challenges……………………………………………………..……………... 11
Harvesting……………………………………………………………………..………………. 11
To Do Calendar……………………………………...………………………..………………. 12
‘Bucket’ Record……………………………………………….....…………..……………...… 13
(to be completed by you!)
References & Resources……………………………………………………….…………….... 14
Acknowledgements…………………………………………………….……………………… 14
Make the most of what you have!
3/16
4. The Kenai Peninsula Bucket Brigade
Introduction
The goal of this booklet is to introduce container gardening to people of all ages and in all areas
of the Kenai Peninsula Borough. The information in this booklet can also be adapted for other
locations.
Gardening was introduced early to Alaska by immigrants and adopted by many of Alaska’s first
people. As Alaska developed, more residents began living in towns and now Alaskans are
almost completely dependent on food grown outside of Alaska.
Our hope is you can use the information and resources in this booklet to produce food for your
family, eat healthier, and enjoy an activity you can share with others.
Fresh produce sitting just outside your door is a real treat!
We will provide reasonable and realistic choices to help make gardening a successful and
rewarding experience for you. We tried to identify natural and low cost choices, with the end
result being healthier, affordable food.
Many foods can be grown in Alaska; you do not need to be an experienced gardener to grow
your own produce. All you need is a ‘bucket,’ soil, fertilizer, seeds, a bit of rain and sunshine,
and then watch your garden grow!
What a wonderful gift to enjoy and share with family and friends!
We hope you find this booklet useful and enjoyable. We encourage you to share your ideas. This
booklet is an ongoing effort and we value your input.
Lee & Pam
4/16
5. ‘Buckets’
You can grow vegetables and salad greens in many different kinds of ‘buckets,’ from a three
pound coffee can to a large fish tote. You can buy new containers but why not reuse and recycle
something you already have?
Possible ‘Buckets’
Type: Use:
3 pound coffee cans radishes, chives, spinach
1 gallon milk containers carrots, leaf lettuce, chard
5 gallon plastic buckets onions, beets, beans, peas
Small fish totes all the above plus potatoes
Large fish totes all the above only more of it!
Homemade wooden boxes depends on size, see above
Homemade alder twig baskets why not?
You want to grow healthy food, so make sure your ‘buckets’ were not used to store toxic
substances and don’t use pressure treated lumber (green lumber) to build boxes.
‘Buckets’ with cracks or holes already in them could be great for your garden!
If your ‘bucket’ does not have holes in it, punch at least four ¼ inch holes on the side of the
‘bucket’ near the base for drainage.
Small ‘buckets’ will need watering more often than large ‘buckets’.
Put rocks or similar filler in the bottom of the container. This will encourage drainage of
excess water.
If you might need to move your large or
heavy containers, consider putting them
on a low platform with wheels or dollies.
If you are using a wooden box with no
bottom, put down hardware cloth (wire
mesh) to keep out rodents (voles &
shrews) and six or more layers of
newspaper to help keep persistent weeds
from pushing up into your container.
5/16
6. Soil & Fertilizer
Soil is the source of food for your plants. The dirt (soil) around your home may not be the best
for growing vegetables. It is probably low in organic matter and too acidic for most garden
vegetables. If you dig some up and put it in a pot, the soil structure will likely collapse and water
will not drain through the way it needs to. But, you can mix your soil with other materials to
improve its condition. Giving your plants fertile, nutritious soil helps them produce healthy food
for you.
To make your own soil, mix:
1 part sand
1 part peat moss
1 part loam
½ cup garden lime for every 5 gallon bucket of soil made
fertilizer
Or, if you can’t find enough loam, mix:
2 parts sand
2 parts peat moss
1 part compost
½ cup garden lime for every 5 gallon bucket of soil made
Sand allows excess water to drain from your soil so it does not become soggy. Most plant roots
need oxygen and if the soil is too wet, they drown. If you use sand from the beach, rinse off the
salt before mixing it with your soil.
Peat moss is the decomposing sphagnum moss found under living moss, usually in wet places
like muskegs. Peat moss adds organic matter to the soil. Organic matter helps soil hold nutrients
and stay moist but not soggy.
Loam is a naturally occurring mix of sand, silt, and clay and can provide minerals and
micronutrients to your plants. Usually the brown soil found in the first 12 inches of undisturbed
ground (like under native plants) will work for the loam portion. The soil under alder stands,
especially near the trunk, can be extra rich.
Compost provides nutrients and more organic matter. Compost is organic matter that has
decomposed to make a dark, crumbly, soil-like material. You can make your own compost using
materials you have on hand: wood chips, leaves, fireweed stalks, fish waste, manure, grass
clippings, coffee and tea grounds, crushed eggshells, etc. The University of Alaska, Fairbanks
(UAF) Cooperative Extension Service has publications on making compost and fertilizer
especially for Alaska. However, composting may require more of your time and attention than
you want to give it, especially if you are just beginning to garden. (See page76 under Nitrogen –
Manure.)
Lime raises the pH of soil, that is, makes soil less acidic.
If you have old soil from houseplants or potted flowers, recycle it by adding it to your soil mix!
6/16
7. Fertilizer The major plant nutrients are nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K).
The sources listed below provide minor nutrients and micronutrients as well as the major
nutrients. Such sources feed both plants and the soil.
Nitrogen
Fish waste – from fish you catch or from fish processors. Either compost the fish waste or
make a fish emulsion (see the UAF Cooperative Extension Service publication “Make Your
Own Complete Fertilizer”); or
Manure – from your own animals or else where. Manure from sheep, goats, and rabbits,
especially when mixed with straw or hay bedding, is safe to use right away. Horse, cattle,
pig, and poultry manure should be well composted before using in your ‘bucket’. Never use
cat or dog waste due to the possibility of passing on diseases.
Fishbone meal – from a local manufacturer. Mix about 2/3 cup into each 5 gallon bucket of
soil made (this product also supplies phosphorus); or
Blood meal – from garden supply stores. Mix 5 tablespoons into each 5 gallons of soil.
Phosphorus
Fishbone meal – see “fishbone meal” under Nitrogen; or
Rock phosphate or bone meal – from garden supply stores; or
Ashes from burned animal or fish bones. Mix about 1.5 ounces into each 5 gallon bucket of
soil.
Potassium
Greensand – from a garden supply store, or
Wood ashes – from your woodstove or campfire. Do not use ashes from treated or painted
wood or from cardboard, coal, or charcoal. Mix about 2 tablespoons into each 5 gallon
bucket of soil made.
Commercial chemical fertilizers feed plants but do not build the soil. They usually contain a
mix of the major plant nutrients but not the minor nutrients and micronutrients that are part of a
truly balanced diet for your plants and soil. A common fertilizer mix is 8-32-16, which is 8
percent N, 32 percent P, and 16 percent K. If you use chemical fertilizer, spread one teaspoon of
8-32-16 over each square foot of soil after planting your starts or two weeks after your seeds
sprout. Mix the fertilizer into the top ½ inch of soil and water well. Repeat about every three
weeks or use liquid fertilizer (see below). Be careful not to over-fertilize – more is not better in
this case.
Fill your ‘bucket’ with prepared soil Twelve inches of soil is the most you should
need so if you have a deep ‘bucket’ you might want to place filler in the bottom. Put gravel in
the bottom as the first layer for any of your ‘buckets’ so the drain holes don’t plug with soil. If
you still need filler (because you have a deep ‘bucket’), you could use chunks of wood, capped
water/pop bottles, any used plastic bottles, scraps of foam insulation, empty jars, or more rocks,
then top it off with the twelve inches of soil.
Liquid fertilizer By mid-season your plants will have used much of the fertilizer you
mixed into the soil. Give them a boost by watering with a liquid fertilizer. (If you are applying
chemical fertilizer every three weeks as described above, you should not do this.) You can
purchase liquid fertilizer or make your own. When using a liquid fertilizer, fertilize in the
morning - it makes for better absorption and the plants will be dry during the cooler evening
hours.
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8. Kelp tea – add a handful of seaweed to a 5 gallon bucket of water. Stir every day. After a few
days, strain the liquid and use it to fertilize all your plants. Drench the soil and the leaves.
Manure tea or simple compost tea – add 5 quarts of manure (can be fresh) or compost to
3 gallons of warm water in a 5 gallon bucket. Let it steep for a week, strain, and use. Water
around your plants and avoid getting any on the leaves.
Blood meal - mix 1 tablespoon with 1 gallon of water and let it steep for a week. Water
around your plants and avoid getting any on the leaves.
Seeds/Starts/Planting/Thinning/Weeding
Seeds & Starts You can start your plants from seeds or buy plants started early by
someone else (called “starts”). You can buy seeds at many outlets in Homer, Seward, Kenai,
Soldotna, Anchorage, the internet, or through the mail from seed catalogs. All these
communities have greenhouses as well as larger stores with garden sections where you can buy
vegetable seeds and plant starts.
Whether you buy seeds or starts, it’s important to get a type of plant that will grow well in South
Central Alaska, or your area. A retail store may not have this information but the nursery or
greenhouse should. If in doubt, contact your UAF Cooperative Extension Service to find out
which variety is best for your community. (See page 14 for contact info under References and
Resources.)
Starts allow you to get a head start on the growing season but seeds are usually less expensive
than buying plants so you might want to try planting your own seeds indoors before the ground
thaws. Don’t start your seeds too early: they might outgrow their pots before you can put them
outside. You will need light soil, small containers (egg cartons are great) and a sunny window or
special light. Try starting broccoli, cauliflower, cabbage, kale, lettuce, or chives from seeds. The
back of the seed packet will tell you when to start plants indoors. For example, it might say to
plant seeds indoors four weeks before planting outdoors. A rule of thumb for South Central
Alaska is you can plant outdoors on June 1 so you would plant seeds around May 1.
You can use your homemade soil mix for seed starting but sterilize it first by filling a flat
roasting pan with soil, covering with aluminum foil or a lid, and baking in your oven at 180
degrees for an hour. This will help prevent tender, young seedlings from getting “damping off”
disease.
Some seeds do not need to be started in the house and can go directly in the soil when it has been
prepared for them. Some of the seeds that can be put directly in the soil are radishes, carrots,
Napa cabbage, bok choi, onions, chard, beets, peas, nasturtiums (good in salad), and leaf lettuce.
Caution: If you buy starts, make sure the plants are healthy and you are not bringing non-native
insects, diseases, or other pests into your community. If a plant is limp, has drooping or
discolored leaves, has holes in the leaves, or is generally not healthy looking, pick a different
plant or do not buy one at all. Go to a different store or, if possible, get seeds.
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9. Planting Seeds - Follow instructions on the seed packet. Some seeds need to be in the
dark to germinate (parsley), some need light (lettuce), and most are not very particular. Just
make sure all seeds have good contact with the soil and don’t let the soil dry out. If you start
plants indoors, try sprinkling a thin layer of clean sand over the soil after planting seeds to
discourage fungus gnats (a common pest of plants started indoors). Pouring water on very small
seeds planted close to the surface can disturb them. The soil should be moist when you plant the
seeds. Once they are covered, you can keep the seeds moist by lightly misting the plants each
day from a clean spray bottle until the seeds germinate.
Starts - When you are ready to move plants from indoors to outdoors, get them used to being
outside in the sun, wind, and cooler air by “hardening” them. Set the plants outdoors in dappled
sun or partial shade for an hour the first day, longer the next, and so on until they are out most of
the day without damage. This takes less than a week. Gently remove the plant from its starting
container, plant it in your ‘bucket’ and water it so the plant settles into the new soil and roots do
not dry out.
Thinning What is thinning? Thinning is what you do when you get too many plants
crowded into a space. You must thin when extra seeds are planted in case some do not sprout.
Some plants are easy to thin, like beans and peas, and others are more difficult because they are
so small, like carrots. Also, some seeds are very small and it is difficult to place them exactly as
far apart as needed. Once the plants come up (and some can still be pretty small) they will
become crowded and will not grow to the right size (just like too many young trees in the forest).
You must remove the extra plants, usually the smallest, to allow the others to grow to a good
size. You may have to thin more than once.
You can thin by pulling plants or by snipping plants off at ground level to avoid harming the
roots of the plants you want to keep. You can eat a lot of what you thin, such as the leaves of
peas, lettuce, beets, chard, cabbage, and kale. As carrots mature and you continue to thin, you
can eat the little ones you pull up.
Weeding One of the advantages of ‘bucket’ gardening is easier weed control. There is not a
lot of extra space where weeds can get established and they cannot creep in from the edge of the
garden. Just pull weeds out as you discover them.
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10. Light/Wind/Water
Water Just like fertilizer, water is important to the plants you are growing. Most garden
vegetables like the soil moist but not soggy. If your bucket drains well and there is enough
organic material in your soil, then it should be easy to keep the soil moist. When the soil is dry
one inch down, give your plants a soaking. Try to water in the morning so the plants dry before
the cooler evening. Morning watering helps prevent fungus growth and allows your plants to go
to bed with soil warmed through the day.
To slow down water loss by evaporation from the soil surface you could mulch, especially
around larger plants, with pebbles, compost, a scattering of dry grass, or scraps of geotextile
(“Typar”).
You might also need to plan how and where you will get water for your plants. If it is a hot,
sunny period, you may need to water every day. Do you have to carry the water? How far and
how much? Is there a hose to help with watering? If you can not carry the water yourself, is
there someone who can help you? What do you need to do to insure water is available to keep
your plants healthy and growing?
Wind Wind can be a blessing and a curse. A light breeze can keep mosquitoes away, but wind
blowing over the surface of the soil can dry it out or keep it from warming as much as it might if
there were no wind. Some plants like a warm soil or are delicate and do not thrive in a windy
spot.
When placing your ‘buckets’ it is important to consider the wind directions around your home.
It may be necessary to set your ‘buckets’ where there is some wind protection, or create a wind
block for them. A wind block could be another plant or shrub. It could also be something you
make, like a screen of wood or plastic.
Light We all enjoy a warm sunny day in summer and so do most plants, but some require more
sun than others. Look at the seed packet or the tag that came with the start. It will tell you if the
plant likes full sun, partial shade, or shade. This is important to know and will help you
determine where to put your “bucket.”
Water, wind, and light are important elements to your success. Begin by building healthy soils,
choosing plants that do well in your area, and then include these other elements in your planning.
Your opportunity for success increases!
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11. Pests & Other Challenges
Insects & disease Start by giving your plants good nutritious soil and the right amount
of water, light, and fertilizer. Healthy, strong plants can resist disease and infestation better than
plants stressed by poor soil or nutrition.
If you purchase plants, do not bring home any with drooping or discolored leaves, with holes in
the leaves, or that do not look healthy.
If you think you may have an insect problem, the first job is to identify it. What is the color and
size of the bug(s)? Does it have wings? Does it look like a beetle or is it soft and wormy? Is
there a web or noticeable egg sacks? Does it have legs? Is it just on one of your plants? Contact
your nearest expert or call the UAF Cooperative Extension Service at (907) 262-5824 for
information on what you might have and what to do to get rid of it. Remember, not all bugs are
bad; some are helpful in the garden, so be a good observer and ask questions.
Animals Moose and bears can be problems for gardeners. Bears (and dogs) can be attracted
by some fertilizers, especially if the fertilizer is made from fish. Moose, well…There are some
vegetables, like broccoli and cabbage moose seem to love. But they will take a bite of almost
any plant just to see if they might learn to love it.
Trees Trees add much to our environment, but they can be a challenge when gardening.
Avoid placing your ‘bucket’ directly under birch, cottonwood, or alder. All three of these tend to
‘drip’ onto plants below and can cause disease or death of garden vegetables. Also, if you place
permanent, bottomless ‘buckets’ too near trees, the tree root systems can sprout into your
‘buckets’.
Harvesting
Food now! Many people think of harvesting as a fall activity, but happily, with salad
vegetables, you can harvest throughout the season. Radishes and chives are ready early and the
little carrots and radishes you pull when thinning are tasty treats. As lettuce, kale, Napa cabbage,
bok choi, chard, and beets grow, pluck a leaf here-and-there for your salad. After cutting the
main head of broccoli, side shoots will keep you supplied the rest of the summer. Plants like
peas will continue to produce if you pick the pods regularly.
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12. To Do Calendar
Early in the month Late in the month
Put some soil mix in a container and store it where you can get to it in early
October spring when snow is still on the ground. This is the soil you will sterilize
for seed starting.
November
– February
Browse seed catalogs and web sites. If you order seeds, get together with
March friends and share packages.
Start seeds indoors: lettuce,
Sterilize the soil you set aside in
April October for seed starting.
broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, kale,
chives.
Begin planting seeds outdoors:
Prepare soil mix. Collect buckets
May and fill them with soil mix.
radishes, carrots, chard, beets, peas,
lettuce, and nasturtiums.
Transplant starts into your
June ‘buckets’. Continue planting seeds Build a compost pile.
outdoors.
Water with liquid fertilizer.
July Begin harvesting greens.
Harvest
August Harvest
September Harvest
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13. ‘Bucket’ Record
Use this chart to keep a record of what worked, or did not work, in your ‘bucket’ so you can
remember for next year.
This record belongs to:
Name & variety Date plant Date planted Type of Water Date
of plant started in 'bucket' fertilizer used requirement harvested
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Comments:
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14. References and Resources
People and Groups
University of Alaska, Fairbanks Cooperative Extension Service - Tom Jahns (fftrj@uaf.edu) or
Janice Chumley (rnjic@uaf.edu) 262-5824
Central Peninsula Garden Club - Marion Nelson, mmkn@ptialaska.net
Homer Garden Club - Brenda Adams, 235-3763, brenda@muddytruck.com
Natural Resources Conservation Service - Pam Voeller - 283-8732 ext 106
Kenai Peninsula Resource Conservation and Development District - Lee Coray-Ludden, 283-
8732 ext 114
Books
Kachemak Cultivating from Seaside to Summit – Homer Garden Club
The Alaska Gardeners Handbook – Lenore Hedla
Publications
The University of Alaska, Fairbanks Cooperative Extension Service has many free brochures and
pamphlets on-line and by request to help you garden. Go to the website www.uaf.edu/ces/pubs
and search for the titles: Make Your Own Complete Fertilizer; The Compost Heap in Alaska;
Recommended Variety List for Southcentral Alaska; 16 Easy Steps to Gardening in Alaska
Community Resources
Alaska Pioneer Fruit Growers - Dan Elliot, 376-5196
Farmers Markets:
Homer – Paul Castellani, 235-0703
Kenai – Harold Piland, harold@visitkenai.com
Soldotna – Saturday market: Clayton Hillhouse, 262-5463, clayton@alaska.net
Soldotna – Wednesday market: Annette Villa, 262-5252, akvilla9@yahoo.com
Lower Peninsula Fruit Growers – Judith James, 235-2574 or Peggy Craig, 235-0631
Southcentral Alaska Beekeepers Association - Steve Victors, 892-6175, thfofc@gci.net
Acknowledgements
This project is a collaborative effort of:
Kenai Peninsula Resource Conservation and Development; Natural Resources Conservation
District staff at the Kenai Peninsula USDA Service Center; Janice Chumley of the University of
Alaska, Fairbanks Cooperative Extension Service; Rosemary Kimbal of the Central Peninsula
Gardening Club; Christine Greig at Alaska Sea-Ag; and Will Hightower, Container Gardener.
First Edition, April 2009
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16. The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits
discrimination in all its programs and activities on
the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion,
age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or
marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases
apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who
require alternative means for communication of
program information (Braille, large print, audiotape,
Helping People Help the Land etc.) should contact USDA's TARGET Center at (202)
720-2600 (voice and TDD).
USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer
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