The document provides an overview of software quality assurance and testing. It defines testing as executing a program to find errors based on the definitions of Glen Myers and Paul Jorgensen. The objectives of testing are finding failures, demonstrating correct execution, and being concerned with errors, faults, and incidents. The document also discusses testing life cycles, verification versus validation, classifications of testing at different levels and based on methodologies, relationships between specified and programmed behaviors, and test methodologies like black box and white box testing.
What are Software Testing Methodologies | Software Testing Techniques | EdurekaEdureka!
YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/6rNgPXz9A9s
(** Test Automation Masters Program: https://www.edureka.co/masters-program/automation-testing-engineer-training **)
This Edureka PPT on "Software Testing Methodologies and Techniques" will give you in-depth knowledge about different types of software testing models and techniques
The following are the topics covered in the session:
Importance of Software Testing
Software Testing Methodologies
Software Testing Techniques
Black-Box Techniques
White-Box Techniques
Experience-Based Techniques
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What are Software Testing Methodologies | Software Testing Techniques | EdurekaEdureka!
YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/6rNgPXz9A9s
(** Test Automation Masters Program: https://www.edureka.co/masters-program/automation-testing-engineer-training **)
This Edureka PPT on "Software Testing Methodologies and Techniques" will give you in-depth knowledge about different types of software testing models and techniques
The following are the topics covered in the session:
Importance of Software Testing
Software Testing Methodologies
Software Testing Techniques
Black-Box Techniques
White-Box Techniques
Experience-Based Techniques
Selenium playlist: https://goo.gl/NmuzXE
Selenium Blog playlist: http://bit.ly/2B7C3QR
Software Testing Blog playlist: http://bit.ly/2UXwdJm
Follow us to never miss an update in the future.
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Interview questions for manual testing technology.Vinay Agnihotri
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS FOR MANUAL TESTING. THERE IS SOME IMPORTANT MANUAL TESTING INTERVIEW QUESTION WHICH IS VERY HELPFULL FOR FRESHERS AND EXPERIENCE CANDIDATE.
software testing is necessary to make sure the product or application is defect free, as per customer specifications. Software testing identifies fault whose removal increases the software Quality and Increases the software reliability.Testing effort is directly proportional to the complexity of the program.
Software Testing Fundamentals | Basics Of Software TestingKostCare
Learn the fundamental techniques and approaches to software testing and enhanced comprehend what to test, how to test it, and in what contexts certain practices. Fundamentals of Software Testing offer an eye-opening view into this difficult task based on multiple sources of industry best practice.
Interview questions for manual testing technology.Vinay Agnihotri
INTERVIEW QUESTIONS FOR MANUAL TESTING. THERE IS SOME IMPORTANT MANUAL TESTING INTERVIEW QUESTION WHICH IS VERY HELPFULL FOR FRESHERS AND EXPERIENCE CANDIDATE.
software testing is necessary to make sure the product or application is defect free, as per customer specifications. Software testing identifies fault whose removal increases the software Quality and Increases the software reliability.Testing effort is directly proportional to the complexity of the program.
Software Testing Fundamentals | Basics Of Software TestingKostCare
Learn the fundamental techniques and approaches to software testing and enhanced comprehend what to test, how to test it, and in what contexts certain practices. Fundamentals of Software Testing offer an eye-opening view into this difficult task based on multiple sources of industry best practice.
This lecture is about the detail definition of software quality and quality assurance. Provide details about software tesing and its types. Clear the basic concepts of software quality and software testing.
Software testing is an activity of finding defect or bugs by checking actual result with Expected result to make software defect free.Types of Testing are Black Box Testing and White Box Testing.
What is testing?
“An empirical, technical investigation conducted to provide stakeholders with information about the quality of the product under test.”
- Cem Kaner
An Insight into the Black Box and White Box Software Testing BugRaptors
Software testing is one of the best means to affirm the quality of an application and deliver error-free software. Over the years, software testing has developed into a separate discipline providing way to numerous different testing techniques that have been introduced, scrutinized and considered in this area. Read More Here!
Software Testing has become a necessity for today's IT industry. Every IT engineer is expected to understand the basic of software testing and it types. This PPT will enable the viewers to understand the concept of software testing and types of testing.
Black Box Testing, also known as Behavioral Testing it is a method of software testing in which the internal structure/ design/ implementation of the item being tested is not known to the tester. These tests can be functional or non-functional, though usually functional. This method of test can be applied virtually to every level of software testing: unit, integration, system and acceptance. It typically comprises most if not all higher level testing, but can also embody unit testing
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
Securing your Kubernetes cluster_ a step-by-step guide to success !KatiaHIMEUR1
Today, after several years of existence, an extremely active community and an ultra-dynamic ecosystem, Kubernetes has established itself as the de facto standard in container orchestration. Thanks to a wide range of managed services, it has never been so easy to set up a ready-to-use Kubernetes cluster.
However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
The Art of the Pitch: WordPress Relationships and SalesLaura Byrne
Clients don’t know what they don’t know. What web solutions are right for them? How does WordPress come into the picture? How do you make sure you understand scope and timeline? What do you do if sometime changes?
All these questions and more will be explored as we talk about matching clients’ needs with what your agency offers without pulling teeth or pulling your hair out. Practical tips, and strategies for successful relationship building that leads to closing the deal.
State of ICS and IoT Cyber Threat Landscape Report 2024 previewPrayukth K V
The IoT and OT threat landscape report has been prepared by the Threat Research Team at Sectrio using data from Sectrio, cyber threat intelligence farming facilities spread across over 85 cities around the world. In addition, Sectrio also runs AI-based advanced threat and payload engagement facilities that serve as sinks to attract and engage sophisticated threat actors, and newer malware including new variants and latent threats that are at an earlier stage of development.
The latest edition of the OT/ICS and IoT security Threat Landscape Report 2024 also covers:
State of global ICS asset and network exposure
Sectoral targets and attacks as well as the cost of ransom
Global APT activity, AI usage, actor and tactic profiles, and implications
Rise in volumes of AI-powered cyberattacks
Major cyber events in 2024
Malware and malicious payload trends
Cyberattack types and targets
Vulnerability exploit attempts on CVEs
Attacks on counties – USA
Expansion of bot farms – how, where, and why
In-depth analysis of the cyber threat landscape across North America, South America, Europe, APAC, and the Middle East
Why are attacks on smart factories rising?
Cyber risk predictions
Axis of attacks – Europe
Systemic attacks in the Middle East
Download the full report from here:
https://sectrio.com/resources/ot-threat-landscape-reports/sectrio-releases-ot-ics-and-iot-security-threat-landscape-report-2024/
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
Elevating Tactical DDD Patterns Through Object CalisthenicsDorra BARTAGUIZ
After immersing yourself in the blue book and its red counterpart, attending DDD-focused conferences, and applying tactical patterns, you're left with a crucial question: How do I ensure my design is effective? Tactical patterns within Domain-Driven Design (DDD) serve as guiding principles for creating clear and manageable domain models. However, achieving success with these patterns requires additional guidance. Interestingly, we've observed that a set of constraints initially designed for training purposes remarkably aligns with effective pattern implementation, offering a more ‘mechanical’ approach. Let's explore together how Object Calisthenics can elevate the design of your tactical DDD patterns, offering concrete help for those venturing into DDD for the first time!
Accelerate your Kubernetes clusters with Varnish CachingThijs Feryn
A presentation about the usage and availability of Varnish on Kubernetes. This talk explores the capabilities of Varnish caching and shows how to use the Varnish Helm chart to deploy it to Kubernetes.
This presentation was delivered at K8SUG Singapore. See https://feryn.eu/presentations/accelerate-your-kubernetes-clusters-with-varnish-caching-k8sug-singapore-28-2024 for more details.
3. Definition
• Glen Myers
– Testing is the process of executing a
program with the intent of finding errors
4. Objective explained
• Paul Jorgensen
– Testing is obviously concerned with errors,
faults, failures and incidents. A test is the
act of exercising software with test cases
with an objective of
• Finding failure
• Demonstrate correct execution
6. Verification versus Validation
• Verification is concerned with phase
containment of errors
• Validation is concerned about the final
product to be error free
7. Relationship – program behaviors
Program Behaviors
Specified Programmed
(expected) (observed)
Behavior Behavior Fault
Fault
Of
Of
Commission
Omission
Correct portion
8. Classification of Test
• There are two levels of classification
– One distinguishes at granularity level
• Unit level
• System level
• Integration level
– Other classification (mostly for unit level) is
based on methodologies
• Black box (Functional) Testing
• White box (Structural) Testing
10. Cont…
• 2, 5
– Specified behavior that are not tested
• 1, 4
– Specified behavior that are tested
• 3, 7
– Test cases corresponding to unspecified
behavior
11. Cont…
• 2, 6
– Programmed behavior that are not tested
• 1, 3
– Programmed behavior that are tested
• 4, 7
– Test cases corresponding to un-
programmed behaviors
12. Inferences
• If there are specified behaviors for which
there are no test cases, the testing is
incomplete
• If there are test cases that correspond to
unspecified behaviors
– Either such test cases are unwarranted
– Specification is deficient (also implies that
testers should participate in specification and
design reviews)
14. When to use what
• Few set of guidelines available
• A logical approach could be
– Prepare functional test cases as part of
specification. However they could be used
only after unit and/or system is available.
– Preparation of Structural test cases could
be part of implementation/code phase.
– Unit, Integration and System testing are
performed in order.
15. Unit testing – essence
• Applicable to modular design
– Unit testing inspects individual modules
• Locate error in smaller region
– In an integrated system, it may not be
easier to determine which module has
caused fault
– Reduces debugging efforts
16. Test cases and Test suites
• Test case is a triplet [I, S, O] where
– I is input data
– S is state of system at which data will be
input
– O is the expected output
• Test suite is set of all test cases
• Test cases are not randomly selected.
Instead even they need to be designed.
17. Need for designing test cases
• Almost every non-trivial system has an
extremely large input data domain
thereby making exhaustive testing
impractical
• If randomly selected then test case may
loose significance since it may expose
an already detected error by some
other test case
18. Time for an exercise
• Give me all possible test cases for this
object:
19. Black box testing
• Equivalence class partitioning
• Boundary value analysis
• Comparison testing
20. Equivalence Class Partitioning
• Input values to a program are
partitioned into equivalence classes.
• Partitioning is done such that:
– program behaves in similar ways to
every input value belonging to an
equivalence class.
21. Why define equivalence classes?
• Test the code with just one
representative value from each
equivalence class:
– as good as testing using any other values
from the equivalence classes.
22. Equivalence Class Partitioning
• How do you determine the equivalence
classes?
– examine the input data.
– few general guidelines for determining the
equivalence classes can be given
23. Equivalence Class Partitioning
• If the input data to the program is
specified by a range of values:
– e.g. numbers between 1 to 5000.
– one valid and two invalid equivalence
classes are defined.
1 5000
24. Equivalence Class Partitioning
• If input is an enumerated set of values:
– e.g. {a,b,c}
– one equivalence class for valid input values
– another equivalence class for invalid input
values should be defined.
25. Example
• A program reads an input value in the
range of 1 and 5000:
– computes the square root of the input
number
SQRT
26. Example (cont.)
• There are three equivalence classes:
– the set of negative integers,
– set of integers in the range of 1 and 5000,
– integers larger than 5000.
1 5000
27. Example (cont.)
• The test suite must include:
– representatives from each of the three
equivalence classes:
– a possible test suite can be:
{-5,500,6000}.
1 5000
28. Boundary Value Analysis
• Some typical programming errors occur:
– at boundaries of equivalence classes
– might be purely due to psychological
factors.
• Programmers often fail to see:
– special processing required at the
boundaries of equivalence classes.
29. Boundary Value Analysis
• Programmers may improperly use <
instead of <=
• Boundary value analysis:
– select test cases at the boundaries of
different equivalence classes.
30. Example
• For a function that computes the square
root of an integer in the range of 1 and
5000:
– test cases must include the values:
{0,1,5000,5001}.
1 5000
31. • Acceptance testing
• Formal testing with respect to user needs, requirements, and business
processes conducted to determine whether or not a system satisfies
the acceptance criteria and to enable the user, customers or other
authorized entity to determine whether or not to accept the system.
• Alpha testing
• Simulated or actual operational testing by potential users/customers or
an independent test team at the developers’ site, but outside the
development organization. Alpha testing is often employed for off-the-
shelf software as a form of internal acceptance testing.
• Back-to-back testing
• Testing in which two or more variants of a component or system are
executed with the same inputs, the outputs compared, and analyzed in
cases of discrepancies.
• Beta testing
• Operational testing by potential and/or existing users/customers at an
external site not otherwise involved with the developers, to determine
whether or not a component or system satisfies the user/customer
needs and fits within the business processes. Beta testing is often
employed as a form of external acceptance testing for off-the-shelf
software in order to acquire feedback from the market.
32. Continued…
• Black-box testing
• Testing, either functional or non-functional, without reference to the internal
structure of the component or system.
• Boundary value
• An input value or output value which is on the edge of an equivalence partition
or at the smallest incremental distance on either side of an edge, for example
the minimum or maximum value of a range.
• Boundary value analysis
• A black box test design technique in which test cases are designed based on
boundary values.
• Branch testing
• A white box test design technique in which test cases are designed to execute
branches.
• Defect
• A flaw in a component or system that can cause the component or system to fail
to perform its required function, e.g. an incorrect statement or data definition. A
defect, if encountered during execution, may cause a failure of the component
or system.
33. Continued…
• Functional testing
• Testing based on an analysis of the specification of the functionality of a component or
system.
• Integration testing
• Testing performed to expose defects in the interfaces and in the interactions between
integrated components or systems.
• Load testing
• A test type concerned with measuring the behavior of a component or system with
increasing load, e.g. number of parallel users and/or numbers of transactions to determine
what load can be handled by the component or system.
• Monkey testing
• Testing by means of a random selection from a large range of inputs and by randomly
pushing buttons, ignorant on how the product is being used.
• Recoverability testing
• The process of testing to determine the recoverability of a software product.
• Regression testing
• Testing of a previously tested program following modification to ensure that defects have
not been introduced or uncovered in unchanged areas of the software, as a result of the
changes made. It is performed when the software or its environment is changed.
34. Continued…
• Severity
• The degree of impact that a defect has on the development or operation of a component or system.
• Smoke test
• A subset of all defined/planned test cases that cover the main functionality of a component or system, to
ascertaining that the most crucial functions of a program work, but not bothering with finer details. A daily
build and smoke test is among industry best practices.
• Test automation
• The use of software to perform or support test activities, e.g. test management, test design, test execution
and results checking.
• Test case specification
• A document specifying a set of test cases (objective, inputs, test actions, expected results, and execution
preconditions) for a test item.
• Test design specification
• A document specifying the test conditions (coverage items) for a test item, the detailed test approach and
identifying the associated high level test cases.
• Test environment
• An environment containing hardware, instrumentation, simulators, software tools, and other support
elements needed to conduct a test.
• Test harness
• A test environment comprised of stubs and drivers needed to execute a test.
• Test log
• A chronological record of relevant details about the execution of tests.