Software testing

Software testing involves checking if actual results match expected results to ensure a system is defect-free. It is important because software bugs can be expensive or dangerous, as demonstrated by examples where software failures caused monetary losses, human injuries or deaths. There are different types of testing like functional, non-functional, and maintenance testing, as well as different testing strategies like black box, white box, unit, integration, system, and acceptance testing. Test cases are documents used to verify requirements through test data, preconditions, expected results, and post conditions for a specific test scenario.