Tobacco contains the addictive chemical nicotine. Around 17.3 million Filipino adults are current smokers, with 14.6 million being male smokers. Smoking can cause various health issues like lung cancer, heart disease, and low birth weight in infants. It is also financially draining due to increased healthcare costs.

1. ADDICTIVE AND
DANGEROUS DRUG
Learning Strand 2
Scientific and Critical Thinking Skills
Michael Cachero Gelacio / Teacher III - District I ALS Coordinator

2. Let’s See What You Already Know
A. Indicate whether the statements below are correct or incorrect.
Write A if the statement is correct and B if it is incorrect.
#1
#2
#3
#4
#5 Tobacco contains chemicals that can cause cancer.
Anyone can be addicted to a drug if he/she uses it for a
long time.
Marijuana improves a person’s appetite.
Drug addicts are more prone to diseases like AIDS
A person who is addicted to drugs will find it hard to
solve his/her problems.

3. Let’s See What You Already Know
#6
#7
Using addictive and dangerous drugs can change a per
son’s behaviour.
Alcohol can be considered an addictive and dangerous
drug.
#8 Caffeine, which is found in coffee and soft drinks, is a st
imulant.
#9
Excessive alcohol intake can damage a person’s liver a
nd kidney.
#10
Tobacco and cigarettes have hazardous effects on one’s
brain.

4. IDENTIFY (TYPES OF DRUGS)
01
02
03
04
05 NICOTINE
BEER, LIQUOR, WINE
COUGH SYRUP
LSD (LYSERGIC ACID DIETHYLAMIDE)
HEROIND - depressant(slows body processes)
S - stimulant (speeds up body processes)
H - hallucinogen (causes hallucinations)
N - narcotic (relieves pains and often
induces sleep)

5. IDENTIFY (EFFECTS OF DRUGS)
01
02
03
04
05 DISORIENTATION
MALNUTRITION
DISRUPTED FRIENDSHIPS
LOW SELF-ESTEEM
CHANGE IN A PERSON’S SET OF
FRIENDS
P - physical (physical effects of drugs on
a person)
M - mental (mental effects of drugs on a
person)
S - social (social effects of drugs on a
person)
E - emotional (emotional effects of drugs
on a person)

6. DANGEROUS DRUGS
Lesson 1

7. DEFINITION OF TERMS
DRUGS
ADDICTIVE &
DANGEROUS DRUGS
DRUG USE
DRUG ABUSE
Substances other than food or water that
are intended to be taken or administered
for the purpose of altering, sustaining or
controlling the recipient’s physical, mental
or emotional state.
Are drugs, whether natural or synthetic,
with the physiological effects of narcotics,
stimulants, depressants or hallucinogens.
The moderate use of drugs for purposes
of altering one’s personal state. When we
take medicine to cure headaches, fevers,
colds and other common illnesses, this is
already considered as drug use.
The process of using any drug for
purposes other than those for which it is
normally intended or in a manner or
quantity other than directed or prescribed.

8. IDENTIFICATION
Choose the letter of the drug that matches the illustration.
#1
A. Marijuana
B. Cocaine
C. Alcohol
D. Shabu
#4
A. Ecstasy
B. Shabu
C. Opium
D. LSD
#3
A. Tobacco and
Cigarettes
B. Ecstasy
C. Cocaine
D. Alcohol
#2
A. Sleeping Pills
B. Marijuana
C. LSD
D. Cough Syrup

9. IDENTIFICATION
Choose the letter of the drug that matches the illustration.
#6
A. Heroin
B. Shabu
C. Ecstasy
D. Cocaine
#5
A. Morphine
B. LSD
C. Ecstasy
D. Cocaine

10. CLASSIFICATION OF DRUGS
FOUR MAJOR TYPES
Drug which causes numbness and
drowsiness, and eventually
unconsciousness. It relieves pain
and produces a temporary sense of
well-being.
Ex: Opium, morphine and heroin.
NARCOTICS
or SEDATIVES are drugs which
may reduce anxiety and excitement.
Ex: Alcohol.
DEPRESSANTS
or “PSYCHEDELICS.” They
increase a person’s perception of
color, sound, etc. They also create
hallucinations.
Ex: LSD, marijuana and ecstasy.
HALLUCINOGENS
Drugs which increase alertness,
excitement, activity or interest.
Ex: Caffeine, nicotine and
amphetamines such as shabu,
cigarettes and tobacco.
STIMULANTS

11. NARCOTICS
The dried latex obtained from the opium poppy.
Source plant(s): Papaver somniferum
Opium is obtained by slightly incising the seed capsules of the poppy after the plant’s flower petals have fallen.
OPIUM

12. NARCOTICS
Morphine was isolated from opium by the German chemist F.W.A. Sertürner in about 1804.
In its power to reduce the level of physical distress, morphine is among the most important naturally occurring compounds,
being of use in the treatment of pain caused by cancer and in cases where other analgesics have failed.
It also has a calming effect that protects the system against exhaustion in traumatic shock, internal hemorrhage, congestive
heart failure, and debilitated conditions (as certain forms of typhoid fever
MORPHINE

13. NARCOTICS
also called DIACETYLMORPHINE, highly addictive morphine derivative. Heroin is made by treating morphine with acetic
anhydride; the resulting substance is four to eight times as potent as morphine.
HEROIN

14. SEDATIVES
“downers”
Alcohol is found in any fermented liquor, and it is the ingredient that produces intoxication.
Alcohol consumed in small amounts functions as a stimulant; however, it is classified as a depressant or a drug that slows
down the brain. It is also classified as a psychoactive substance in that it can alter mood and consciousness, leading to
intoxication.
ALCOHOL

15. Drug that is used to reduce anxiety, fear, tension, agitation, and related states of mental disturbance.
Major tranquilizers are highly selective in alleviating the delusions, hallucinations, and disordered thinking of schizophrenics
and other psychotic patients. The drugs return agitated, excited, and irrational patients to a state of rational calm, and they
have enabled many seriously ill people who would otherwise be hospitalized to live at home and engage in productive work.
TRANQUILIZERS
SEDATIVES
“downers”

16. Drug that acts as a central nervous system depressant, and can therefore produce a wide spectrum of effects, from mild
sedation to death.
Barbiturates such as phenobarbital were long used as anxiolytics and hypnotics, but today have been largely replaced by
benzodiazepines for these purposes because the latter are less toxic in overdose. However, barbiturates are still used as
anticonvulsants (e.g., phenobarbital and primidone) and general anesthetics (e.g., sodium thiopental).
Barbiturates in high doses are used for physician-assisted suicide (PAS), and in combination with a muscle relaxant for
euthanasia and for capital punishment by lethal injection.
BARBITURATES
SEDATIVES
“downers”

17. A number of types of cough medicine are frequently abused. This includes those containing DEXTROMETHORPHAN and
CODEINE. Abuse may result in physical distortion and hallucinations.
Heroin was originally marketed as a cough suppressant in 1898. It was, at the time, believed to be a non-addictive alternative
to other opiate-containing cough syrups. This was quickly realized to be not true as heroin readily breaks down into morphine
in the body. Morphine was already known to be addictive.
COUGH SYRUP
SEDATIVES
“downers”

18. White, crystalline alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of the coca plant (Erythroxylum coca), a bush commonly found
growing wild in Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador and cultivated in many other countries. The chemical formula of cocaine is
C17H21NO4. Cocaine acts as an anesthetic because it interrupts the conduction of impulses in nerves, especially those in
the mucous membranes of the eye, nose, and throat. More importantly, cocaine when ingested in small amounts produces
feelings of well-being and euphoria, along with a decreased appetite, relief from fatigue, and increased mental alertness.
When taken in larger amounts and upon prolonged and repeated use, cocaine can produce depression, anxiety, irritability,
sleep problems, chronic fatigue, mental confusion, paranoia, and convulsions that can cause death.
COCAINE – “coke”, “dust”, “snow”, “flake”
STIMULANTS
“uppers”

19. Potent and addictive synthetic stimulant drug that affects the central nervous system.
Increases physical activity and suppresses appetite. Heavy or prolonged use may produce powerful side effects, including
aggression and paranoia, kidney and lung disorders, brain and liver damage, chronic depression, immune deficiency
disorders, convulsions, and schizophrenia. As a recreational drug, methamphetamine may be taken in pill form or, as a
crystalline powder (“crystal meth”), sniffed through a hollow tube; it may also be taken intravenously.
METHAMPHETAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE, “shabu”
STIMULANTS
“uppers”

20. Lysergic acid diethylamide, potent synthetic hallucinogenic drug.
The use of LSD outside a clinical setting can be dangerous. Mood shifts, time and space distortions, and impulsive behaviour
are especially hazardous complications to an individual who takes the drug. The individual may become increasingly
suspicious of the intentions and motives of those around him and may act aggressively against them.
LSD
HALLUCINOGENS

21. Called β-3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine, the active principle contained in the flowering heads of the peyote (q.v.) cactus
that has been used as a drug to induce hallucination.
The hallucinatory effects vary greatly among individuals and even for a particular individual from one drug session to the next.
Hallucinations are usually visual, less often auditory. Side effects include nausea and vomiting. Mescaline is prepared from
the peyote cactus by extraction and purification, but it can be synthesized.
MESCALINE
HALLUCINOGENS

22. Crude drug composed of the leaves and flowers of plants in the genus CANNABIS.
Marijuana varies in potency, depending on the variety and where and how it is grown, prepared for use, and stored. The
active ingredient, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), is present in all parts of both the male and female plants but is most
concentrated in the resin (cannabin) in the flowering tops of the female. Hashish, a more powerful form of the drug, is made
by collecting and drying this resin and is about eight times as strong as the marijuana
MARIJUANA - “pot”, “grass”, “maryjane”
HALLUCINOGENS

23. MDMA (3,4, Methylenedioxymethamphetamine), a euphoria-inducing stimulant and hallucinogen.
It is a derivative of the amphetamine family and a relative of the stimulant methamphetamine. Ecstasy, which is taken in pill
or powder form, also has a chemical relationship to the psychedelic drug mescaline.
ECSTASY
HALLUCINOGENS

24. Abbreviation of PHENCYCLIDINE, byname angel dust, hallucinogenic drug with anesthetic properties, having the chemical
name 1-(1-phenylcyclohexyl) piperidine. Used for a brief time as a general anesthetic in humans, its side effects range from
distorted self-perception to severe disorientation and unpredictable psychotic behaviour, which quickly discouraged its legal
use.
A PCP user is often impervious to pain and generally exhibits emotional instability, excited intoxication, a lack of coordination,
high blood pressure, and increased deep-tendon muscle reflexes. At high doses, PCP is highly toxic and can cause
convulsions and coma.
PCP - “angel dust”
HALLUCINOGENS

25. Inhalants are a broad range of household and industrial chemicals whose volatile vapors or pressurized gases are
concentrated and breathed in via the nose or mouth to produce intoxication (called "getting high" in slang), in a manner not
intended by the manufacturer.
The effects of inhalants range from an alcohol-like intoxication and intense euphoria to vivid hallucinations, depending on the
substance and the dose. Some inhalant users are injured due to the harmful effects of the solvents or gases or due to other
chemicals used in the products that they are inhaling.
SOLVENTS
HALLUCINOGENS

26. LET’S SEE WHAT YOU LEARNED
Write T in the blank if the sentence is correct and F if it is not.
1. Marijuana, also known as “Mary Jane,” is a narcotic.
2. Alcoholic beverages such as beer, wine and liquor are classified as “downers.”
3. People use narcotics to feel extremely happy.
4. Cigarettes and tobacco are classified as stimulants. These products can make a person
feel relaxed.
5. Methamphetamine hydrochloride or “shabu” is the most common hallucinogen in the
Philippines.
6. Ecstasy, which is commonly used by young people, is classified as a stimulant.
7. Hallucinogens are addictive and dangerous drugs that cause heightened perception in
a person.
8. Caffeine, which is present in coffee and soft drinks, is classified as a stimulant.
9. “Coke” is another term for opium.
10. A person uses cocaine by injecting it into himself/herself.

27. TOBACCO & ALCOHOL
LESSON 2

28. 17.3 Million Filipino Adults
Are Current Tobacco Smokers
48%
9%
23%
28% 17.3 million Filipino adults age 15 years
and older are current tobacco smokers,
according to the results of the 2009 Global
Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS).
Your Text Here
14.6 million of adult males
2.8 million of adult females
Filipino adults are daily tobacco smokers:
38 percent for males and 7 percent for
females.

29. SMOKING IN
THE
PHILIPPINES
TYPES OF SMOKERS
Someone who smokes
tobacco or cannabis, cigarette
substitutes, or various other
drugs
DIRECT SMOKERS
called “secondary smokers” because
they inhale the fumes exhaled by
smokers. They are also more exposed
to smoking-related diseases compared
to the actual smokers.
PASSIVE SMOKERS

30. FACTS about smoking
Paper published by the Philippine Senate Committee on Health and Demography.
Considered as a drug and not as a
mere agricultural product because
it has an addictive component
called “nicotine.”
TOBACCO AS A DRUG
Nicotine is highly addictive. It is
both a stimulant and a sedative to
the central nervous system.
Addiction to nicotine results in
withdrawal symptoms when a
person tries to stop smoking.
NICOTINE
Tobacco use has been declining in
developed countries, while it is
steadily rising in developing nations
such as the Philippines.
RISING IN THE PHILIPPINES
The Department of Health
estimates that at least 20,000
Filipinos die every year due to
smoking-related diseases.
DEATH TOLLS

31. FACTS about smoking
Paper published by the Philippine Senate Committee on Health and Demography.
In many countries, more and more
people are starting to smoke at a
very young age. If this current trend
continues, 250 million children alive
today may eventually die because
of smoking.
SMOKING AT EARLY AGE
The tobacco industry has long
known that nicotine is addictive. In
fact, it has been alleged that the
industry has actually studied how
they can use this addictive quality
of nicotine to their advantage.
TOBACCO INDUSTRY
Within ten seconds of smoking,
nicotine already reaches the brain
and begins to take effect.
Nicotine is an example of a fast,
highly pharmacologically-effective
and cheap drug.
EFFECTS TO THE BODY
Nicotine is a poison that is also
classified as a stimulant.
POISON

32. WHY PEOPLE SMOKE
To relax and enjoy the taste;
#1
To pass the time
#2
Because of peer pressure (the
influence of friends)
#3
Because their bodies have
developed a physical addiction
to nicotine.
#4

33. EFFECTS OF SMOKING
#1 #4
#3#2
Smoking increases the
risk of lung cancer,
chronic bronchitis and
heart ailments.
Smoking may cause
sudden infant death
especially if the mother
smokes during
pregnancy.
Smoking may cause
low birth weight for
infants of smoking
parents.
Smoking slows down a
person’s mental
processes.

34. EFFECTS OF SMOKING
#5 #4
#7#6
Smoking can cause
dependency (addiction
to smoking).
Smoking may cause
impotence for males.
Smoking may also have
serious effects on
people’s finances.
It may drain up to 20%
of a smoker’s income
Increase a person’s
health care or hospitali
zation costs due to
health problems that
he/she may develop.

35. ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
SOME TYPES
Fermented alcoholic beverage
made from malted cereal grains,
usually barley flavoured with hops.
BEER
A strong alcoholic drink distilled
from grape wine.
BRANDY
An alcoholic spirit distilled from a
fermented mix of cereal grains, e.g.,
barley, wheat or rye.
WHISKY

36. ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
SOME TYPES
An alcoholic spirit made from barley,
rye or maize and flavoured with
juniper berries.
GIN
A spirit distilled from fermented
sugar cane juice or from molasses.
RUM

37. WHY PEOPLE DRINK
To experiment To be sociable To gain attention To relax

38. WHY PEOPLE DRINK
Cheap and easily
available
Become addicted
to alcohol

39. EFFECTS OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
SAME AS TO EVERYWHERE IN THE WORLD
Addiction to alcohol
ALCOHOLISM
Increased risk of accidents
(e.g., road or vehicular
accidents)
ACCIDENTS
Lowered quality of work
QUALITY OF WORK
Dizziness and slower
reactions to situation
REACTION TIME
Memory lapses called
“blackouts”
BLACKOUTS

40. EFFECTS OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES
SAME AS TO EVERYWHERE IN THE WORLD
Insomnia (not being able to
sleep at night) for heavy
drinkers and alcoholics
INSOMNIA
Liver and kidney problems
HEALTH ISSUE
Self-destructive impulses
including suicide
SUICIDE
Disruption of personal
relationships
RELATIONSHIPS
Reduced sex drive
SEX LIFE
Violent tendencies which
may lead to domestic
violence, assault, etc.
VIOLENCE

41. NEED TO KNOW
Alcohol is a depressant. As such,
it slows down body processes
which can make a person
encounter difficulties with
coordinated activities.
Regular intake of alcoholic
beverages can lead to
alcoholism, which has even
worse effects on a person’s
health.

42. Alcohol intake can lead to
accidents and even death.
Drinking sprees are accepted as
a form of relaxation.
Drinking and then driving is one
of the major causes of road or
vehicular accidents which
endanger not just those who
drink but innocent people as
well.

43. WHAT YOU HAVE LEARNED
Write T in the blank before the number if the sentence is true. Write F if the sentence is false, then rewrite it to make it true.
____1. Alcoholic beverages are addictive because they contain nicotine
____2. Tobacco and cigarettes are classified as depressants or “downers” because they increase one’s alertness and
improve one’s physical condition.
____3. People who inhale the tobacco and cigarette smoke of others are called first-hand smokers.
____4. Heavy drinking can cause liver and kidney problems.
____5. Nicotine is highly addictive. It works both as a stimulant and a sedative to the reproductive system.

44. Effects of
LESSON 3
DRUG ABUSE

45. SYMPTOMS OF DRUG ABUSE
Insert the title of your subtitle Here
Becoming very sensitive
SENSITIVITY
Staying away from home for long
unexplained periods
ISOLATION
Lying
BEHAVIOUR
Stealing
BEHAVIOUR
Becoming involved in criminal
activities (to raise money to
sustain one’s drug addiction)
CRIMINAL ACTIVITIES

46. SYMPTOMS OF DRUG ABUSE
Insert the title of your subtitle Here
Having obvious toxic states
(drunk, delirious, incoherent,
unconscious)
INTOXICATION
Becoming detached from family
members
ISOLATION
Changes in behaviour and
normal attitudes
PERSONAL STATE
Deteriorating performance (in
school or at work)
QUALITY/PERFORMANCE

47. EFFECTS OF DRUG ABUSE
FOUR KINDS
Malnutrition ♦ Liver and kidney damage
♦ Drastic weight loss ♦ Vitamin
deficiencies ♦ Insomnia ♦ Heart failure ♦
Dizziness ♦ Nerve damage
♦ Sexual problems ♦ Death
PHYSICAL
Mental illness ♦ Impaired judgment ♦
Disorientation ♦ Paranoia ♦ Psychosis
MENTAL
Disrupted family life ♦ Disrupted
friendships ♦ Financial problems
♦ Inefficiency at work or in school
♦ Marital separation ♦ Violent behaviour
♦ Dangerous behaviour
SOCIAL
Anxiety ♦ Depression ♦ Confusion ♦
Suspiciousness
EMOTIONAL

48. Encircle the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which of the following is a physical effect of drug abuse?
a. Malnutrition c. impaire
d judgment
b. mental illness d. confusi
on
2. Which of the following is a mental effect of drug abuse?
a. liver and kidney damage c. disrupted family life
b. impaired judgment d. anxiety
3. Which of the following is an emotional effect of drug abuse?
a. Insomnia c. depression
b. Psychosis d. marital separation
4. Which of the following is a social effect of drug abuse?
a. Violence c. disorientation
b. nerve damage d. suspicio
usness

49. Thank you!
FOR YOUR LISTENING AND
PARTICIPATING