This document presents a project on designing an embedded system to detect LPG gas leaks. A group of 5 students will work under the guidance of Dr. B. Vandana to develop the system using an MQ135 sensor, NodeMCU microcontroller, and buzzer. The system will detect gas leaks and send alert notifications to an app. The goals are to prevent fires and explosions from gas leaks and ensure safety. The document outlines the methodology, working principle, results and conclusions from testing the system, as well as proposals for future improvements.

1. Presenting by
1 A Nitheesha Reddy (21QM1A0401)
2 B Sai Bhavith Reddy (21QM1A0407)
3 P Omkar Goud (21QM1A0448)
4 V Sowjanya Reddy (21QM1A0463)
5 P Keerthan Reddy (21QM1A0464)
Under the Guidance of :
Guide Name: Dr. B. Vandana
Designation: Associate Professor
Embedded System Design for Detecting LPG Gas

2. Contents
• Introduction
• Literature study
• Problem statement
• Problem Scoping
• Why and Who needs this
• Aim/Objective
• Tools Required
• Methodology
• Working Principle
• Results and Discussions
• Conclusions
• Future works
• References

3. Introduction
Nowadays, safety is the major concern in many fields due to fire accidents and blasts due to LPG
gas leakage. At present, LPG gas can be used in the car, in the storage tank or service station. But,
due to some reasons the LPG gas might leak from the gas cylinders, this may cause the cylinder
blast, damage the house and risk of a life to the living persons in the house. The fire ignite can be
occurred due to many reasons such as an electrical short circuit , oil lamps or candles kept inside
the house. Sometimes fire accidents are very small, but if proper action is not taken to control the
fire, then it can spread in complete house.

4. Literature Study
S. No TITLE OF THE
PAPER
AUTHORS CONFERENCE/
JOURNAL
NAME
YEAR PROBLEM ADDRESS
1. A Gas Leakage
Detection Using IOT
C K Gomathy
S. Megha Shyam Raju,
K.Sheshank Reddy,
2nd
International
Conference on
Computing and
Communications
Technologies
(ICCCT) (pp.
327-333). IEEE
2021 Develop an android application for android based
smart phones which is capable to receive data
from robot directly through Bluetooth. This
application warns the person with an indication
whenever there is an occurrence of gas leakage at
that particular hazardous place.
2. Management of
Indoor Gas Safety
based on the NB-IoT
Gas Meter
Liang Jinfeng
Cai Chen
Cheng Xiaowei
Wang Wei
33rd Chinese
Control and
Decision
Conference
(CCDC)
2021 Gas safety alarm device can detect gas leakage for
the first time device based on an NB-IoT gas
meter and alarm which can realize leakage by
wireless connection and combined with gas safety
monitoring and remote transmission functions is
established.

5. Literature Study
S. No TITLE OF THE PAPER AUTHORS CONFERENC
E/JOURNAL
NAME
YEAR PROBLEM ADDRESS
3. Implementation and
design gas leakage
detection system
using ATMega8
microcontroller
N Evalina
A Azis H
3rd
International
Conference on
Engineering
and Applied
Technology
(ICEAT) Volu
me 821,
2020 The MQ-6 is the gas Sensor used to detect
leakage gas LPG It detects gas leaks that are then
legible on the LCD screen and alarm the buzzer
will sound. This MQ-6 sensor test is performed
by measuring the sensor output with the
ATmega8 microcontroller
.
4. Gas Leakage
Detection and Smart
Alerting and
Prediction Using IoT
Asmita Varma,
Prabhakar S,
Kayalvizhi Jayave
Second
International
Conference On
Computing and
Communicatio
ns
Technologies(I
CCCT’17)
2020 The system uses an MQ-2 sensor which detects
gases like LPG, CH4, CO, The system cuts off
the main power supply of the house when the
concentration of gas is about to reach its Lower
Explosion Limit The Gas Leakage Detector
System also sends the sensor reading to cloud so
that analytics for increasing the precision of the
system

6. Gas leakage is nothing but the leak of any gaseous molecule from a stove, or a pipeline, or cylinder.
This can occur either purposefully or even unintendedly such as poor or degraded fittings/connections
between the gas line and a specific appliance, lack of proper appliance maintenance and appliance
malfunctions. These kinds of leaks are dangerous to our health, and when it becomes explosive it could
cause great danger to the people, home, workplace, industry and the environment.
As per the report given by the OMCs , LPG gas related accidents are highest 1151 reported in the year
2017 followed by 1019 in 2020 and 983 in 2018 in India .
Source: https://www.the hindu.in/nation/5122-incidents-of-accidents-involving-lpg-in-6-yrs-govt-511914
PROBLEM STATEMENT

7. User End User
Stake
Holders
Importance
to Solve
Homemakers
Industrial Workers
To prevent the fire
accidents
To ensure the safety of
human life
To avoid the property loss
Manufacturers
Distributers
Retailers
Fire Department
Home Owners
Commercial
Buisness
Problem Scoping

8. Why and Who needs this
• They are designed to give early warning of the build-up of gas or fire before it becomes a hazard to
people, infrastructure and the environment.
• The primary reason to design the detector is to monitor the gas leak 24/7, by a human is a bit tough
though the gas leaks have few symptoms it is risky while the sensors can detect the gas leaks and
helps people.
• Insurance companies may not provide cover to businesses that cannot prove appropriate safety
measures to detect harmful gases and detection of flames, smoke, heat, or fire.
• A gas detector can sound an alarm to operators in the area where the leak is occurring, giving them
the opportunity to leave. This type of device is important because there are many gases that can be
harmful to organic life, such as humans or animals.
• The gas detectors can be used for the detection of combustible, flammable, and poisonous gases and
for loss of oxygen, and also to detect a gas leak or other pollutants. It makes the area where the leak
occurs a warning sound and instructs operators to leave the area.

9. Aim and Objective
The aim of LPG gas detectors is to protect people and property by detecting the presence of LPG gas leaks
and alerting them to the danger in a timely manner. It is designed to detect low levels of LPG gas with the
help of information stored in the firebase the app gives indications to the client. This helps to prevent gas
explosions and fires caused by leakage of LPG gas. They are used in a variety of settings such as homes,
commercial buildings, and industrial facilities that use LPG gas for heating, cooking, or other purposes.

10. Tools Required
BUZZER CABLE
MQ135 SENSOR
CONNECTING WIRES NODEMCU

11. Methodology
The MQ 135 gas sensor module consists of sensing element . This sensing element is subjected to
current through connecting leads. The gases coming close to the sensing element get ionized and
are absorbed by the sensing element.
 MQ 135 Sensor A0 pin is connected to Node MCU A0 pin
 Gnd and VCC pins of MQ135 sensor are connected to node MCU Gnd and Vin pins
 And buzzer pins are connected to postive terminal D0 and negative pin is connected to Gnd
 value recorded by the sensor is sent to the NODE MCU microcontroller
 Its values get stored in the cloud in the FireBase the threshold value is 300-10,000 ppm
If the recorded value is greater than the threshold value then the buzzer gets ON and
simultaneously through the app people will get to know the location of the area where the gas
leaks occurred

12. BLOCK DIAGRAM
MQ 135
Air Quality
Sensor
Buzzer
Mobile Map
Alerting
Node MCU

13. Application UI Designer Screens

14. Working principle
Node MCU
NodeMCU is an open-source platform, its hardware design is open for edit/modify/build. NodeMCU is an open-source
firmware functioning as a dual in-line package (DIP) that integrates a USB controller with a smaller surface-mounted board
containing the MCU and antenna.
Buzzer:
The or which open-source prototyping board designs are available. The prototyping hardware typically used is a circuit board
buzzer is a sounding device that can convert audio signals into sound signals. It is usually powered by DC voltage. It is widely
used in alarms, computers, printers and other electronic products as sound devices
MQ-135 Air quality sensor :
A device that is used to detect or measure or :onitor the gases like ammonia, benzene, sulfur, carbon dioxide, smoke, and other
harmful gases are called as an air quality gas sensor. The MQ135 air quality sensor, which belongs to the series of MQ gas
sensors, is widely used to detect harmful gases and smoke in the fresh air.
Adaptor :
A simple AC adapter consists of a transformer, a rectifier, and an electronic filter. The transformer initially converts a relatively
high-voltage alternating current that is supplied by an electrical outlet to a lower voltage suitable for the device being powered.

15. Results and Discussion
o This project helps to avoid fire accidents which are due to gas leaks as it aims to address the problem
and will help industrial workers, and homemakers, and prevent property loss.
o By the usage of the MQ135 sensor we are combining IoT in our daily life. Hence, LPG leakage
detection is essential to prevent accidents and save human lives. This system triggers the buzzer to
alert people when LPG leakage is detected. This system is very simple yet reliable.
o It helps prevent the high risk of gas explosions and affecting any casualties within and outside the
premises.

16. Conclusion
 The design of a LPG gas leak detector and locator with an alert and control system has been proposed
and discussed in this project.
 This is a low-cost, low power, lightweight, portable, safe, user friendly, efficient, multi featured and
simple system device for detecting gas.

17. Future Work
In the future, we can work on this device and include multiple functions. One of the notable future
functions of this device could be adding a sub-system where wastage of gas and the uses of gas can be
monitored using this system.
This device is flexible as a greater number of sensors and relays can be added to it according to the
whole LPG supply setup in those premises.
We can further add more software-based intelligent functions with this system. This is an automatic
gas detection, control, and alert system.
In the future, this system will have a feature where it can notify the emergency services if any
accidents happen.
The overall features will make the system more safe for the users. The system will be optimized for
use in many places like the car, the home, industries, and many other places. After designing the final
prototype with smart multifunctional features, the system will be implemented in real-life scenarios as
a pilot project.

18. References
R. K. Pathinarupothi, P. Durga and E. S. Rangana, "IoT-Based Smart Edge for Global Health: Remote Monitoring with Severity Detection
and Alerts Transmission", IEEE Internet of Things Journal, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 2449-2462, April 2019
Mahalingam, A., R. T. Naayagi, and N. E. Mastorakis. "Design and implementation of an economic gas leakage detector." Recent
Researches in Applications of Electrical and Computer Engineering, pp. 20-24, 2012.
Attia, Hussain A., and Halah Y. Ali. "Electronic Design of Liquefied Petroleum Gas Leakage Monitoring, Alarm, and Protection System
based on Discrete Components." International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, vol. 11, no. 19, pp. 9721-9726, 2016.
Apeh, S. T., K. B. Erameh, and U. Iruansi. "Design and Development of Kitchen Gas Leakage Detection and Automatic Gas Shut off
System." Journal of Emerging Trends in Engineering and Applied Sciences, vol. 5, no. 3, pp.222-228, 2014.
T.Soundarya, J.V. Anchitaalagammai, G. Deepa Priya, S.S. Karthick Kumar , MC-Leakage: Cylinder LPG Gas Leakage Detection for
Home Safety,” IOSRJournal of Electronics and Communication Engineering, vol. 9, no. 1, Ver. VI, pp. 53-58, Feb. 2014.
Ashish Shrivastava, Ratnesh Prabhaker, Rajeev Kumar, Rahul Verma, "GSMbased gas leakage detection system." International Journal
of Emerging Trends in Electrical and Electronics, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 42-45, 2013.

19. Any Questions?

20. Thank You!