FOR LOW VISION

1. OPTOM ASKAR.PK

2.  History
 Vision evaluation
 Field
 Colour vision
 Binocularity

3. LVn ASSESSMENT
COLOUR VN GLARE TEST

5.  SYSTEMIC
 OCULAR
 TASK RELATED

6.  Onset
 Disease appearance
 Progression
 Treatment

7. Past ocular history
 Previous eye examinations and
treatments, injuries to the eye,
surgeries to the eye and any other
medical procedures involving the eye
like the laser treatments etc.

8. Past medical history
 Diabetes, Hypertension.
 Arteriosclerosis, Heart disease.
 Migraine and other headache
 Thyroid disorders, multiple sclerosis…..

9. Medications used by the patient
 The name of the drugs used for both the
systemic and ocular pathologies, their
concentration, dosage & the time of last
application must all be noted and updated at
subsequent visits.

10. Allergies
 Allergies to drugs like Sulpha groups,
penicillin, steroids might help in planning
the treatment modality for many ocular
diseases
 Because the above mentioned drugs
might have been included in a drug which
is used to treat certain ocular
conditions.

11. Family ocular/health history
 This becomes more important in ocular
pathologies like glaucoma, retinal
degenerative conditions like retinitis
pigmentosa and others, diabetic and
hypertensive retinopathies, squint etc.,

12.  Day- to-day problem visual task
oDistance – street signs, traffic light, face,
watching TV & black board work
oIntermediate – seeing the
computer, food on the plate, reading
musical notes and enjoying hobbies.

13. HISTORY AND PRELIMINARY WORKUP IN
PAEDIATRIC CASES
 How the problem was detected and what?
 Decreased vision
 Squint
 White reflex
 Nystagmus

14. PEDIATRIC CASE
 Pre natal
 Birth history
 Post natal history

15. PRE NATAL
 Fever & skin rashes (Torch's infection)
 Immunization
 Injury
Pre-natal factors
1. Maternal age at the time of delivery
2. H/o maternal infections
/medications/Radiation therapy

16. Birth history
 Birth weight
 Birth cry
 Home delivery

17. Peri-natal factors
 Normal delivery
 Caesarian/ forceps /traumatic delivery
 H/o premature delivery

18. Family history
 Consanguinity parent
 If its twins (identical or non identical)
 Siblings having similar problems
 Genetic factors

19. Post-natal factors
 Trauma
 H/o Incubation
 H/o Oxygenation / phototherapy
 H/o vaccinations & booster doses

20. Others
 Contact with pets (Toxoplasma,
Toxocara)
 Oral and genital ulceration (Behcet’s
disease)
 Fever, Weight loss, cough (Tuberculosis)
 Immunosuppressive usage.

21. IN SQUINT CASES
 Direction of deviation
 Age of onset
 Deviation constant or intermittent
 Head tilt , turn
 Chin up/down position

22. Past history
 Any treatment for amblyopia associated
with squinting
 Patching
Glasses prescribed
surgery done