While loops check the condition first before executing the code block, whereas do-while loops execute the code block first and then check the condition. The key differences are:
1) While loops may not execute the code block if the condition is false from the start, but do-while loops will always execute the code block at least once.
2) Do-while loops are useful when you need to execute the code block at least once before checking if another iteration is needed.
3) Syntax-wise, the condition check comes at the end of the do-while loop rather than at the beginning like in a regular while loop.