London first emerged as an important settlement after the Roman conquest in the 1st century AD. It served as the capital of the Kingdom of Essex in the 7th century and has been the capital of England since the 11th century. London is made up of 32 boroughs and is known for landmarks like Buckingham Palace, Big Ben, and the London Eye. The city has a mild climate with frequent rain and storms and uses the British Pound as currency.

1. LONDON PROJECT
(3º sección bilingüe, IES SIERRA DE SANTA
BÁRBARA, Plasencia)

2. Origins of london
London appears after the Roman conquest. Over the third century,
‘’Londinium’’ was an important centre of population. On the 7th
century, London became the capital of the Essex kingdom. Since
1067 the city has had the same laws as a borough. At that time the
Tower of London was built. In 1191, the city was built as a township.
For some time England hadn’t got a permanent capital. From the
13th century, Westminster became an important centre of
government. The European business did that London became the
capital of the kingdom.

3. Boroughs of London
There are thirty two boroughs in London: Camden, Greenwich,
Hackney, Hammersmith, Islington, Kensington and Chelsea, Lambeth,
Lewisham, Southwark, Tower Hamlets, Wandsworth, Westminster,
Barking, Barnet, Bexley, Brent, Bromley, Croydon, Ealing, Enfield,
Haringey, Harrow, Havering, Hillingdon, Hounslow, Kingston upon
Thames, Merton, Newham, Redbridge, Richmond upon Thames,
Sutton and Waltham Forest.

4. Things to know about London
-About the weather: is mild. The cold weather, wind and rain are
almost constant. In summer, storms are common.
-About the currency: the system of currency used in London is the
Great British Pound, which is also known as pound sterling and is
the third most traded currency in the global economy.
-About the etiquette: your napkin should be placed on your lap, you
shouldn’t put your knife down to eat with your fork, strict
punctuality.

5. -About the transport: Black cabs are the only ones officially
recognized.
-About the food: the most popular are cheeses such as Stilton,
cheddar and double Glouchester. If you're invited to someone's
house and told that the evening's menu is "bubble and squeak," it's
the British equivalent of what Americans refer to as the meat and
vegetable leftovers from an earlier meal. Beer is served warm.
-About the shopping: stores in London are open seven days a week
with slightly shorter hours on Sunday.

6. Westminster
It is located to the west of the City of London. The population of
the district is high. The City of Westminster contains many of the
most famous sites in London. Some of the popular tourist sites are
Buckingham Palace, Palace of Westminster (Houses of Parliament)
and Big Ben and nearby Westminster Abbey.

7. Hotel kensington west
Is located near both Olympia (approximately 4-5 minutes) and Earls Court
(approximately 15 minutes) exhibition centers. Near the Hotel is located
Westfield’s shopping centre,opened in October 2009, which boasts 265
shops and it is only about a 15 minute walk away.
The two nearest underground stations
are: Kensington west and Kensington
In this page there is more information
http://www.kensingtonwest.org/
The Hotel is located at 25 Matheson Rd, London W14 8SN

8. 74 bus route
The route is from West Cromwell Road/Tesco to Marble
Arch.
It goes past the streets:
Brompton Rd, Knightsbridge, Park Ln, Cumberland Gate.
Some of the monuments we will see are:
Animals in War Memorial, French Embassy, The State of
Kuwait Embassy, Savills Estate Agents Knightsbridge.

9. 159 bus route
The route is from Marble Arch to St Thomas’ Hospital/
County Hall.
The bus passes through several streets:
Old Cavendish Street, Oxford Street, Conduit Street, Piccadilly
Circus, Trafalgar Square,
Whitehall, Horse Guards Avenue,
Parliament Square and County Hall.

10. 159 bus route
We will see many important monuments while we are in the route of this bus in London, some
of them are:
- Oxford Street: It has got more than 300 shops, it is Europe's busiest shopping street.
- Piccadilly Circus: It is a road junction, The Circus is particularly known for the statue of
Eros, the memorial fountain of Shaftesbury, and buildings such as London Pavilion and
Criterion Theatre.
- Trafalgar Square: One important monument is Nelson’s Column, which is guarded by 4
lions statues in the base. The name commemorates the Battle of Trafalgar when England
defeated France and Spain.

11. Walk around Westminster
-London Eye: it´s a viewpoint wheel situated on the South Bank of the Thames,
in Lambeth.
-Westminster Bridge: this is a bridge located over the Thames and it links
Lambeth and Westminster
-Houses of Parliament: it´s one of the four World Heritage sites of London and
it is located next to the North Bank of the Thames.
-Big Ben: it´s the great bell of the clock situated in the northwest side of the
Palace of Westminster.
-Whitehall: this is a street of Westminster. It goes north from Parliament
Square to the southern end of Trafalgar Square.
-Downing Street: this is a famous street because it is where the Prime Minister
lives, at number 10

12. -Trafalgar Square: this is a square in the centre of London, built to
commemorate the Battle of Trafalgar.
-St. Martin in the Fields: it is an Anglican church located on the northeast
corner of Trafalgar Square.
-The Mall: this is a street-mall in central London, located between St. James's
Park and Green Park.
-Buckingham Palace: it´s the official residence of the British monarch. It is also
used for official ceremonies, state visits… .
-St. James´s Park: this is the oldest of the Royal Parks in London. It has an
area of 23 ha.
-Westminster Abbey: this is an Anglican Gothic church located next to the
Westminster Palace.

13. INFORMATION OF THE TOWER OF LONDON
The price for the the ticket of tower of london:
-The price for the adults is 20.00 pound.
-The price for the children is 10.00 pounds.
THE TUBE STATION:
From B317 ( West Kensington) - to
Trinity Square Gardens ( Tower Hill)

14. THE TOWER OF LONDON
The tower of London is one of the word´s most famous
fortresses and has been a royal palace, prison, armoury and
even a zoo. It´s situated in the north of the Thames river.
The tower was built in 1078.

15. 15 BUS ROUTE
This bus will take us from the Tower of London to the Millenium Bridge.
We will see several monuments on the way, such as: the tower bridge, the monument to the Great
Fire of London, the London bridge and the Millennium bridge
The Tower Bridge:
built between 1886 and 1894. It is a combined bascule and suspension bridge
in London which crosses the River Thames. It is close to the Tower of London,
from which it takes its name, and has become a symbol of London.A long time ago
the bridge was painted red, white and blue for the queen Elizabeth.Its total length is
of 244 metres.It was opened on 30 june, 120 years ago.

16. Monument to the Great Fire of London
It was built between 1671-1677
Height: 202 feet
The fire began in a baker’s house in
Pudding Lane
The column was used as a place for
certain experiments of the Royal
Society
Several incidents have occurred there
The city has had three important fires
Fish St Hill
and
Monument
Street

17. London Bridge:
Of all the bridges over the River Thames, London Bridge has
the longest history. It was the only bridge over London's river
until Putney Bridge opened in 1729. The famous Tower Bridge,
a little further down the Thames, is often mistakenly called "London Bridge"
It’s about 30 metres upstream from previous alignments.It was opened in 1973.
Millennium Bridge:
It’s a steel suspension bridge which crosses the river Thames.The
construction of the bridge began 1998 and it was opened on june in
the year 2000 the bridge was closed for almost 2 years.It was reopened in 2002.

18. SHAKESPEARE’S GLOBE
The history of the Globe Theatre
•The Globe Theatre was a theatre in London associated with William Shakespeare. It was built in 1599 by
Shakespeare's playing company, the Lord Chamberlain's Men, and was destroyed by fire on 29 June 1613. A
second Globe Theatre was built on the same site by June 1614 and closed in 1642.
•A modern reconstruction of the Globe, named "Shakespeare's Globe", opened in 1997 approximately 750 feet
(230 m) from the site of the original theatre.

19. SHAKESPEARE’S GLOBE
ØLocation: 21 New Globe Walk.
ØThe price of the ticket: - Adults: £13,50
-Students: £11.
-Children under 5 years: free admission
-Children between 5 and 15: £8
-You can enter free with: London Pass.
ØVisiting hours: Every day from 10:00 to 17:30 hours
ØTransport: -Underground: Mansion House, Southwark etc…
- Bus lines : 11, 15, 17, 23, 26, 45, 63, 76, 100, 344 and 381.

20. Walk from Shakespeare’s Globe
to St. Paul’s Cathedral
This is the route
that we are going to
do from Shakespeare’s
Globe to St. Paul’s
Cathedral.

21. St. Paul’s Cathedral and The Temple
It was built between 1676 and 1710, the architect
that built the cathedral was Christopher Wren.
St. Paul’s Cathedral is 365 feet high, in Europe
is the second highest cathedral, only the Basilic of
St. Pedro’s is higher.
The temple is an area of central London in the
vicinity of Temple Church, it is one of the main
legal districts of the capital and a notable centre
for English Law.

22. Covent Garden
Covent Garden is a neighborhood
in the oriental part of
Westminster and it´s one
of the neighborhoods with
more captivation of the
whole London

23. What can you do in Covent Garden?
This zone is famous for it
shops,
street artists, bars and
theatres such as the Royal
Opera House and the museum
of the
Transport of London.

24. Camden Town Market
Camden Town is important
because of its market.
During the day the area is
crowded. Here there are
many food stalls. There
are many shops but most
of them are gothic shops.
From Leicester Square to Camden Town

25. From Camden to the British Museum
If we want to use the tube we have to go from the station of Camdem Town to
King’s Cross St. Pancras with the Nothern line and there we change to the
Piccadilly line to Russell Square (that’s where the British Museum is).

26. British museum
It is a museum dedicated to human history and culture. It
has things from all continents, illustrating and
documenting the story of human culture
from its beginnings to the present.

27. Piccadilly
Piccadilly Circus is one of the most important places in London, it’s where everyone
meets people and it’s always really busy. These are some of the most important
monuments and buildings we can find there:
-Shaftesbury Memorial: It’s a fountain with a statue of Eros (it was supposed to be
his another greek god, Anteros).
-Criterion Theatre: it’s a theatre with almost 600 seats
and it’s completely underground.
-Illuminated signs: they are the most representative
thing in Piccadilly, they are adverts from different
companies, like Coca Cola, Samsung, McDonald’s...

28. From Kensington west hotel to the
natural history museum
We start in Kensington West Hotel, then we take Cromwell Road, until Queen’s
Gate and we will find the Natural History Museum in front of us.

29. Natural history museum
The museum was built between 1873-
1880 and it has more than 70 million
items.
The most important collections are of
botany , entomology , mineralogy ,
paleontology and zoology. This
museum is famous because it has the
biggest collection of dinosaurs.

30. Kensington high street
It is the main shopping street in Kensington. It
is a very good place to go shopping and it is also
a known place in London.