Vikas Kapila discusses implementing SAFe (Scaled Agile Framework) using Kanban principles. He outlines how Team Kanban, Program Kanban, Program Epic Kanban, Solution Kanban, and Portfolio Kanban can be used at different levels to visualize work flow, establish work-in-process limits, measure throughput, and continuously improve the process of delivering value to customers according to SAFe. Challenges include volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity, which are best addressed through collaboration, preparation, understanding consequences, and anticipating issues.