Every year department of community medicine arrange a month long program which is known as,Residential Field Site Training(RFST).Dr sayed mahmud was the supervisor.afia asma,raihan kabir and mostafa arafat,3rd year student of chittagong medical college worked relentlessly to make it happen.

1. LITERACY RATE AND BARRIERS OF EDUCATION
AMONG FEMALES AGED 15-50 YEARS IN
MIRJAKHIL OF SATKANIA
COMMUNITY HEALTH SURVEY
DATE: 11.11.17
ASSIGNED TEACHER : Dr. SAYEED MAHMUD

2. INTRODUCTION
Female education is a process if educating females in order to make them
efficient and effective members of the society both at home and outside. It
should enable them to look after and take care of their daily life duties and
responsibilities as well as their legitimate rights.
Female literacy plays a very significant and crucial role in the development
of nation especially in the economic development of a country.

3. STUDY OBJECTIVES
General Objectives
LITERACY RATE AND BARRIERS OF EDUCATION AMONG FEMALES AGED 15-50
YEARS IN MIRJAKHIL OF SATKANIA
 Find out the cause of low literacy rate
 To identify female developmental activities
 To evaluate the barriers of female education
 Explore the efforts of Govt. and NGO’S to improve condition of female
education
Specific Objectives

4. VARIABLES
GENERAL VARIABLES
AGE
GENDER
RELIGION
OCCUPATION
FAMILY MEMBERS
SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS
SPECIFIC VARIABLES
LITERACY RATE
EARLY MARRIAGE
DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES
BARRIERS OF FEMALE EDUCATION
EFFORTS BY GOVERNMENT
RECOMMENDATION
ROLE OF FEMALE EDUCATION

5. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
TYPE OF
STUDY
Descriptive type of
cross-sectional
study
PLACE OF
STUDY
Mirjakhil
village of
Satkania
DATE
AND
TIME
11th November,2017
11 AM to 2 PM
DURATION
OF THE
STUDY
11th November,2017
to
3rd March,2018

6. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
STUDY
POPULATION
Females aged
from 15-50 years
in Mirjakhil of
Satkania
SAMPLE
SIZE
SAMPLING
TECHNIQUE
Convenient type of
non-probability
sampling
RESEARCH
INSTRUMEN
T
A prepared and tested
questionnaire containing
both structured and
unstructured questions
based on key variables
171

7. PROCESS OF DATA COLLECTION
 All the students of RFST C1 & C2 group, 34 in number were divided into
17 subgroups, with 2 students in each group.
 Data was collected through face-to-face interview via prepared
questionnaire
 Proper consent from the respondent was taken.
 Each of the students was given 10 questionnaires to be fulfilled.

8. SUPPORTING MATERIALS
 Clipboard
 Sphygmomanometer
 Stethoscope
 Pen
 Pencil
 Eraser

9. DATA COMPILATION AND ANALYSIS
After collection, the data were checked for discrepancies and verified. The
data were analysed with the help of both computers and scientific
calculators, compiled and tabulated according to key variables. The results
were calculated and presented as tables and figures according to the
objectives of study. Incomplete and incorrect data were excluded from this
study

10. ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
After introductory conversations, verbal consent was taken from the
respondents. They were informed in details about the necessity and
importance of data collection. The students stated their purpose and
provided assurance to each person interviewed that the information collected
would remain confidential and nothing will be disclosed anywhere rather
than study purpose.

11. RESULTS

12. 30
59
47
37
10-20
21-30
31-40
41-50
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
AGE
NUMBER OF RESPONDENTS
AGE OF RESPONDENTS
As the graph shows, most of the respondents (n=171) were in the age group of 21-30 years 59 (34.5%). Secondly
respondents were in the age group of 31-40 years old 47 (27.5%).

13. 14.03
80.7
3.52
0.58
0.58
0.58
Student
Housewife
Service Holder
Farmer
Garments Worker
Others
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Student Housewife Service Holder Farmer
Garments
Worker
Others
Percentage 14.03 80.7 3.52 0.58 0.58 0.58
RESPONDENTS OCCUPATION
Most of the respondents were housewife 80.7% (138).

14. 144
27
Islam Hinduism
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
RELIGION
NUMBEROFTHERESPONDENTS
RELIGION OF THE RESPONDENTS
Most of the respondents were Muslim 144(84.2%). 15.8% (27) of the respondents were Hindu.

15. Most of the respondents were educated up to primary level 36.8% (63). Secondary level of education were
completed by 32.1%(55) of the respondents.
Educational Status No of Respondents Percentage (%)
Illiterate 31 18.1
Primary 63 36.8
SSC 55 32.1
HSC 19 11.1
Graduate 3 1.7
EDUCATIONAL STATUS OF THE RESPONDENTS.

16. 106
55
10
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Nuclear Joint Extended
NUMBEROFPERSON
TYPES OF FAMILY 
Types Of Family
Family of 106 respondents was nuclear which comprises 67%. 55 respondents resided in a joint family (32%)
and 10 of the respondents lived in extended family (6%).

17. Lower Class
10%
Lower Middle Class
42%
Upper Middle Class
48%
SOCIO ECONOMIC STATUS
Lower Class
Lower Middle Class
Upper Middle Class
48% (82)respondents belongs to upper middle class, 42%(72) belongs to lower middle
class and 10%(17) belongs to lower class.

18. Yes
87%
No
13%
AWARENESS OF FEMALE EDUCATION.
82% (140) of the respondents was aware of female education. 18 %(31) of the respondents wasn’t.

19. Yes
53%
No
47%
RESPONDENTS ATTENDING SCHOOLS/COLLEGE/ANY OTHER
INSTITUTIONS
Yes
No
The graph shows that 53%(91) of the respondents have attended to school and 47%(80) never went or don’t go to
school.

20. 4
23
12
9
8
5
19
Transportation
Problem
Family Restrictions Financial Problem Security Issue Religious
Superstition
Not Interest Stopped In the
Middle
0
5
10
15
20
25
CAUSE
NUMBEROFTHERESPONDENTS
REASONS OF NOT ATTENDING ANY EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTE
80 of the respondents don’t go or never attended schools. 23 (29%) of them showed the reason family
restriction,19(24%) of them stopped studying in the middle, 12(15%) of them mentioned financial issues.

21. Environment
Marriage
Self Emloyment
Job
Religion
Family
Eve Teasing
Others
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2
9
2
1
1
2
1
CAUSES
NUMBER 
REASONS OF STOPPING STUDY
19 respondents stopped studying in the middle. Among them 2 were due to lack of proper environment, 9 stopped
due to marriage, 2 of them due to family reason, 1 of them started working, 1 due to religious barrier, 1 was
harassed by the eve teaser and 1 showed other reason.

22. Primary
7%
Secondary
27%
HSC
22%
Graduation
44%
LEVEL UP TO WHICH FEMALE SHOULD BE EDUCATED
Primary Secondary
HSC Graduation
44 %(75) thinks graduation is enough for girl’s education.26%(44) thinks secondary level of education is
enough. 22%(38) gave opinion for higher secondary level.

23. Yes
86%
No
14%
OPINION OVER PROPER ENVIRONMENT OF FEMALE EDUCATION
Yes
No
82%(141) of the respondents think that proper environment for female education has been ensured in their
village.

24. Infrastructure
Teacher
Scholarship
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
15
5
10
Number of the correspondents 
STEPS TO IMPROVE FEMALE EDUCATION ENVIRONMENT
30 of the respondents think female education environment should be improved. 15 of them (50%) opine for
developing infrastructure of the schools. 33% (10) was agreed with providing scholarship facilities.

25. Yes
90%
No
10%
ESTABLISHMENT OF SEPARATE GIRL’S SCHOOL
Yes No
Above figure shows that, 90% of the respondents (154) was agreed with
establishing separate girl’s school in their village.

26. Low
43%
High
6%
Adequate
51%
LITERACY RATE OF FEMALE
Low High Adequate
33%
21%
34%
12%
Unawareness
Educational
Institutions
Socio economic
condition
Unproductiveness
51 %(87) thinks female education level is adequate in the country. 43% graded the level as low and 6% thinks
female are highly educated.
Among the 43% (74), 34%(24) chose poor socio economic condition as the main reason. Lack of educational
institution was chosen by 33%(24).

27. Yes
86%
No
14%
OPINION OVER INCREASING FEMALE EMPLOYMENT
Yes
No
86% (147) of the respondents opined for increasing working opportunities for female
In their village.

28. Most of the respondents (from 147) were voted for the option handicraft 47.6 %(70).
Occupation No of Respondents Percentage (%)
Handicraft 70 47.6
Pottery 11 7.5
Farming 14 9.5
Entrepreneurship 18 12.2
Poultry 26 17.7
Gardening 8 5.45
TYPES OF OCCUPATION FOR THE FEMALE

29. Most of the respondents 73 (42.7%) think women can paly a significant role for the development of her village by
self employment. 47 (27.5%) thinks, it can be done by joining any health complexes.
Roles No of Respondents Percentage (%)
Administration 18 10.5
Teacher 47 27.5
Doctor 23 13.5
Self Employment 73 42.7
Village Politics 5 2.9
Others 5 2.9
ROLES WOMEN CAN PLAY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF HER AREA.

30. Yes
79%
No
21%
RESPONDENTS WHETHER THEY WANT TO IMPROVE
THEIR CONDITION OR NOT.
The graph shows that about 79% of the respondents have will to improve their state
whereas 21% of them are satisfied with their situation.

31. 0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Education Financial Condition Employment Other
114
36
16
5
NUMBEROFPERSON
POSSIBLE WAYS 
GRAPH OF POSSIBLE WAYS BY WHICH WOMEN CAN IMPROVE
THEIR CONDITION
114 of the respondents (66.67%) thinks they can improve their condition by education. Besides 36 of them
(21.05%) prefers by strengthening their financial condition, 16 of them (9.36%) prefers employment and 5 of
them ( 2.92%) chose other ways possible.

32. Yes, 57.9
No, 42.1
Yes
No
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
SATISFACTION OVER CURRENT SITUATION OF FEMALE IN THEIR
AREA
The graph shows that about 58% (99) of the respondents satisfied with the current situation
of female in their area. About 42% (72) thinks female needs to improve more.

33. 12 12
32
11
5
GOVT. Effort Employment Education Security Other
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
CAUSES 
NUMBEROFTHERESPONDENTS CAUSES OF LESS FEMALE DEVELOPMENT IN THE AREA
From the 72 respondents,32 of them (45%) think education facilities are insufficient for the female. Employment
and Govt. efforts play second major cause for the current situation of the female which comprises 12 (17%) in
each of the cases.

34. Unmarried
12%
Married
84%
Divorced
1%
Widow
2%
Separated
1%
MARITAL STATUS
Unmarried
Married
Divorced
Widow
Separated
84% (142) was married, 12%(21) was unmarried. 2 % (4) was widowed and
1%(2) was separated and divorced . N=171

35. Yes
61%
No
39%
PRESSURIZED FOR MARRIAGE
61% (105) of the respondents was forced for marriage. 39% (66) didn’t face any pressure for marriage.

36. Yes
56%
No
44%
FORCED TO DO HOUSEHOLD CHORES INSTEAD OF
GOING TO SCHOOL.
Yes No
55% (95) of the respondents (n=171) was forced to do household chores instead of going to school.

37. 25
146
No
Yes
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
NUMBER OF RESPONDENTS 
EFFECT OF MARRIAGE OVER EDUCATIONAL PROGRESS
Column2
The graph shows that 146 (85%) of the respondents think marriage has effect over educational
progress.

38. Yes
94%
No
6%
KNOWLEDGE ABOUT EARLY MARRIAGE
94%(161) respondents did know about early marriage, 6%(10) of total respondents didn’t.

39. Yes
82%
No
18%
KNOWLEDGE OF CURRENT AGE OF GIRL’S MARRIAGE BY THE LAW
Yes No
82% (140) respondents did know the age of girl’s marriage in Bangladesh. 18%(31) doesn’t.

40. 2
32
137
<12 12---18 >18
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
AGE
NUMBEROFTHERESPONDENTS AGE OF MARRIAGE
137 respondents which comprises 77%,chose more than 18 years of old as ideal for getting married.32 of the
respondents (N=171) (19%) supported 12-18 years of old and 2 (1%) of the respondents were agreeable with less
than 12 years of old.

41. 3
116
44
8
0
14-18 18-22 22-26 26-30 >30
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
AGE
NUMBEROFTHERESPONDENTS AGE OF BECOMING MOTHER
116 of the respondents which comprises 68%,chose 18-22 years as the ideal age for becoming a mother. 44 of the
respondents (26%) supported 22-26 years of age, 8 (5%)of the respondents were agreeable with 26-30 years of age
and 3 respondents(2%) chose 14-48 years of age.

42. 11
89
no
Yes
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
EARLY MARRIAGE AS A REASON FOR DAILY LIFE
PROBLEM
89% (153) of the responded think early marriage caused problem in daily life and 11%(18) thinks it
didn’t.

43. 51%
49%
SUFFICIENT GOVT. AND NGO EFFORTS TO PREVENT EARLY MARRIAGE
no
Yes
49% (85) of the responded think enough steps had been taken to discourage early marriage
On the other hand,51%(86) thinks more efforts are needed.

44. Sales
Early mariage law New Act Campaign Female education Other
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
38
14
12
19
3
IDEAS 
Numberoftherespondents STEPS TO PREVENT EARLY MARRIAGE
From the 86 respondents,38 of them (44%) supported strict application of early marriage prevention law while 14
of them (16%) felt necessary of enacting of new law. Awareness campaign is chosen by 12 of the respondents
(14%), 19 respondents (22%) supported promotion of female education.

45. Yes
96%
No
4%
NECESSITY OF FEMALE EDUCATION IN THE FAMILY
96%(165) felt necessary of female education for the family, on the contrary 4%(6) didn’t think it’s
necessary.

46. Woman Empowerment Self Dependence For Children Earn Money Others
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
28
75
39
20
4
CAUSE
NUMBEROFTHERESPONDENTS INFLUENCE OF FEMALE EDUCATION IN THE FAMILY
165 respondents voted for need of female education for family. 75(45.5%) of them thinks it’s necessary for self
dependence.39(23.6%) respondents opted it’s necessity for the education of future children. 28 voted for woman
empowerment in the family and 20 of the 165 respondents thinks it’s necessary for supporting family financially.

47. 1
5
Freedom Child care
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
CAUSE
NUMBEROFTHERESPONDENTS CAUSES OF DISAPPROVING FEMALE EDUCATION IN THE
FAMILY
Among the 6 rejecting female education for family, 5 of them think it will cause problem in taking care of
children. The remaining 1 thinks it will give woman too much freedom.

48. LIMITATIONS
 Sample size is smaller to evaluate actual conditions of female in the
village.
 Local language was a big obstacle to communicate with the respondents.
 Some the respondents failed to provide actual information in front of their
guardians.

49. RECOMMENDATION
In order to improve female education, as a first step it is necessary to -
 Improve the attitude and mentality of the people towards female
education.
 Guardians and the teachers of the community should encourage the girls
of the society to receive education.
 Government and political leaders should come forward to decrease the
social disparity.
 Residential and financial facilities for education should be ensured for
girls to make them confident and enthusiastic for receiving education.
 Enacting new act strictly to ensure stoppage of early marriage.
 Prohibition and removal of unsocial and disgraceful acts like eve teasing
against the girls.

50. CONCLUSION
It’ s a known fact that about half of our population consists of female. There
influence and participation in the prospect our country can’t be inadmissible.
Denying this population our country can’t get along towards the stairs of
advancement. Bangladesh has already got notified as an emerging country in
the world. Our Government also prefer woman empowerment and strict on
confirming rights for the benefits of woman. But this can only be achieved
and ensured if our women become educated and conscious. Illiteracy will
always left them in the dark hole and unaware about surrounding world. To
achieve the goal of becoming a developed country we must ensure the women
of our country are active and educated. And for country like Bangladesh, this
process should be started from the remote corners of the country like
villages.

51. THANK YOU

52. REPORT BY