Have you ever ever needed to checklist all customers in your Linux system or to depend the variety of customers within the system? There are instructions to create a consumer, delete a consumer, checklist logged in customers, however what’s the command to checklist all customers in Linux? This document will present you the best way to checklist customers in Linux techniques. Read document in html here: https://linuxconcept.com/how-to-list-users-in-linux/

1. LIST
USERS IN
LINUX
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Prepared by: Satish Kumar
Founder, LinuxConcept
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2. Have you ever ever needed to checklist all customers in
your Linux system or to depend the variety of customers
within the system? There are instructions to create a
consumer, delete a consumer, checklist logged in
customers, however what’s the command to checklist all
customers in Linux?
This tutorial will present you the best way to checklist
customers in Linux techniques.
Get a Record of All Customers utilizing the
/etc/passwd File
Native consumer data is saved within the /etc/passwd
file. Every line on this file represents login data for one
consumer. To open the file you’ll be able to both use cat
or less :
$ less /etc/passwd
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Person title.
Encrypted password (x signifies that the password is saved
within the /etc/shadow file).
Person ID quantity (UID).
Person’s group ID quantity (GID).
Full title of the consumer (GECOS).
Person dwelling listing.
Login shell (defaults to /bin/bash).
Every line within the file has seven fields delimited by colons
that include the next data:
If you wish to show solely the username you need to use both
awk or cut instructions to print solely the primary area
containing the username:
$ awk -F: '{ print $1}' /etc/passwd
$ cut -d: -f1 /etc/passwd
Output:
root
daemon
bin
sys
sync
...
...
sshd
anwen
satish
layla
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GET A RECORD OF ALL CUSTOMERS UTILIZING THE
GETENT COMMAND
The getent command shows entries from databases configured
in /etc/nsswitch.conf file, together with the passwd database,
which can be utilized to question an inventory of all
customers.
To get an inventory of all Linux userr, enter the next
command:
$ getent passwd
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5. As you’ll be able to see, the output is similar as when
displaying the content material of the /etc/passwd file. If
you’re utilizing LDAP for consumer authentication, the getent
will show all Linux customers from each /etc/passwd file and
LDAP database.
You can even use awk or reduce to print solely the primary
area containing the username:
$ getent passwd | awk -F: '{ print $1}'
$ getent passwd | cut -d: -f1
Examine whether or not a consumer exists within the Linux
system
Now that we all know the best way to checklist all customers,
to verify whether or not a consumer exists in our Linux field
we, can merely filter the customers’ checklist by piping the
checklist to the grep command.
For instance, to search out out if a consumer with title jack
exists in our Linux system we will use the next command:
$ getent passwd | grep satish
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If the consumer exists, the command above will print the
consumer’s login data. No output which means the consumer
doesn’t exist.
We will additionally verify whether or not a consumer exists
with out utilizing the grep command as proven beneath:
$ getent passwd jack
Identical as earlier than, if the consumer exists, the command
will show the consumer’s login data.
If you wish to learn the way many customers accounts you
might have in your system, pipe the getent passwd output to
the wc command:
$ getent passwd | wc -l
Output:
35
As you’ll be able to see from the output above, my Linux
system has 35 consumer accounts.
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SYSTEM AND REGULAR CUSTOMERS
There isn’t any actual technical distinction between the
system and common (regular) customers. Usually system
customers are created when putting in the OS and new
packages. In some instances, you’ll be able to create a system
consumer that will probably be utilized by some purposes.
Regular customers are the customers created by the
foundation or one other consumer with sudo privileges.
Normally, a traditional consumer has an actual login shell and
a house listing.
Every consumer has a numeric consumer ID known as UID. If
not specified when creating a brand new consumer with the
useradd command, the UID will probably be routinely chosen
from the /etc/login.defs file relying on the UID_MIN and
UID_MIN values.
To verify the UID_MIN and UID_MIN values in your system, you
need to use the next command:
$ grep -E '^UID_MIN|^UID_MAX' /etc/login.defs
Output:
UID_MIN 1000
UID_MAX 60000
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From the output above, we will see that every one regular
customers ought to have a UID between 1000 and 60000.
Realizing the minimal and maximal worth permit us to
question an inventory of all regular customers in our system.
The command beneath will checklist all regular customers in
our Linux system:
$ getent passwd {1000..60000}
Output:
anwen:x:1000:1000:Anwen,,,:/dwelling/anwen:/bin/bash
bailey:x:1001:1001:,,,:/dwelling/bailey:/bin/bash
satish:x:1002:1002:Satish Kumar,,,:/dwelling/satish:/bin/bash
kumar:x:1003:1003:Kumar
Raj,,,:/dwelling/kumar:/usr/sbin/nologin
Your system UID_MIN and UID_MIN values could also be
totally different so the extra generic model of the command
above can be:
$ eval getent passwd {$(awk '/^UID_MIN/ {print $2}'
/etc/login.defs)..$(awk '/^UID_MAX/ {print $2}'
/etc/login.defs)}
If you wish to print solely the usernames simply pipe the
output to the cut command:
$ eval getent passwd {$(awk '/^UID_MIN/ {print $2}' /and
so forth/login.defs)..$(awk '/^UID_MAX/ {print $2}' /and so
forth/login.defs)} | reduce -d: -f1
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Conclusion
On this tutorial, you realized the best way to checklist and
filter customers in your Linux system and what are the
primary variations between system and regular Linux
customers.
The identical instructions apply for any Linux distribution,
together with Ubuntu, CentOS, RHEL, Debian, and Linux Mint.
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THANK YOU
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more similar information on Linux or opensource
technologies.
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