Linking local And Global knowledge: lessons on improving the links between traditional and modern medicine in Africa

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Presents preliminary results of a literature review considering the links between local and biomedical knowledge in Africa, using the theoretical lens of social capital.

Health & Medicine

‹#› Het begint met een idee
LINKING LOCAL AND GLOBAL
KNOWLEDGE: LESSONS ON IMPROVING
THE LINKS BETWEEN TRADITIONAL AND
MODERN MEDICINE IN AFRICA
Sarah Cummings
Sustainability and Development Conference
#sandmeet
10 November 2018
sarahcummings sarahcummings1 sarahcummingswork@gmail.com

‹#› Het begint met een idee
2 Het begint met een idee
 Disconnects in the development
knowledge system
 The role of knowledge in the
SDGs and Agenda Knowledge for
Development
www.k4dp.org/agenda
 What about local knowledge and
health?
 Chris Zielinski, Suzanne Kiwanuka
and Barbara Regeer
BACKGROUND
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

‹#› Het begint met een idee
3 Het begint met een idee
 Local knowledge and global
health
> Why local knowledge?
> Focus on Africa
 Theoretical framework
 Literature review
 Findings
 Conclusions and next steps
OVERVIEW
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
 Why local knowledge?
> Perspective broader than traditional medicine
> Local practices relating to health
> ‘…it encompasses such medical pluralism, rather than suggestion of
exclusively indigenous or traditional beliefs’ (Beinhart and Brown 2013: 18)
 Focus on Africa
> Quiz question: what proportion of health services provided by
traditional medicine in Africa? 20%? 40%? 60%? 80%?
> Huge amount of diversity
 Hypothesis
LOCAL KNOWLEDGE AND GLOBAL HEALTH

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
 Social capital
> ‘The aggregate of the actual and potential resources which are linked
to possession of a durable network’ (Bourdieu)
> Highly relevant to knowledge creation and exchange (Nahapiet and
Ghoshal 1998)
> Role at the grassroots (Anastasia Seferiadis and colleagues)
 Why social capital?
> Cognitive, relational and structural aspects
> Endogenous resources
> Trust (and distrust) plays an important role
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
 Critical interpretive synthesis
> Analysis of complex and diverse bodies of literature
> Qualitative approaches
> New concepts and theories
 WoS search
> TS= (African countries OR Africa) AND (local knowledge OR
indigenous knowledge OR traditional knowledge) and (health OR
mortality OR malaria OR tropical diseases OR non-communicable OR
alcohol OR deaths OR family planning OR reproductive health OR
hazardous OR pollution OR vaccines OR medicin*) AND TI=(local OR
indigenous OR traditional)
LITERATURE REVIEW

Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
 Many papers on ethnobotany (133 papers)
 Cognitive aspects
> Different knowledge systems, different status
 Structural aspects
> Legislative framework, education systems
 Relational aspects
> Trust/distrust, networks
FINDINGS

‹#› Het begint met een idee
9 Het begint met een idee
 Cognitive, structural and
relational disconnects
 Limited number of countries:
South Africa (9), Nigeria,
Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe (3),
Ghana, Mali, Cote d-Ivoire (1)
 Strong focus on HIV/AIDS (9),
malaria (4), and primary health
care
FINDINGS
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

‹#› Het begint met een idee
10 Het begint met een idee
 Social capital is a useful lens
 Case studies linking local and
biomedical knowledge at local
and national level
 Advocacy
 Thank you for your attention
CONCLUSIONS AND NEXT
STEPS
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

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1. ‹#› Het begint met een idee LINKING LOCAL AND GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE: LESSONS ON IMPROVING THE LINKS BETWEEN TRADITIONAL AND MODERN MEDICINE IN AFRICA Sarah Cummings Sustainability and Development Conference #sandmeet 10 November 2018 sarahcummings sarahcummings1 sarahcummingswork@gmail.com

2. ‹#› Het begint met een idee 2 Het begint met een idee  Disconnects in the development knowledge system  The role of knowledge in the SDGs and Agenda Knowledge for Development www.k4dp.org/agenda  What about local knowledge and health?  Chris Zielinski, Suzanne Kiwanuka and Barbara Regeer BACKGROUND This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

3. ‹#› Het begint met een idee 3 Het begint met een idee  Local knowledge and global health > Why local knowledge? > Focus on Africa  Theoretical framework  Literature review  Findings  Conclusions and next steps OVERVIEW This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

4. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Why local knowledge? > Perspective broader than traditional medicine > Local practices relating to health > ‘…it encompasses such medical pluralism, rather than suggestion of exclusively indigenous or traditional beliefs’ (Beinhart and Brown 2013: 18)  Focus on Africa > Quiz question: what proportion of health services provided by traditional medicine in Africa? 20%? 40%? 60%? 80%? > Huge amount of diversity  Hypothesis LOCAL KNOWLEDGE AND GLOBAL HEALTH

5. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Social capital > ‘The aggregate of the actual and potential resources which are linked to possession of a durable network’ (Bourdieu) > Highly relevant to knowledge creation and exchange (Nahapiet and Ghoshal 1998) > Role at the grassroots (Anastasia Seferiadis and colleagues)  Why social capital? > Cognitive, relational and structural aspects > Endogenous resources > Trust (and distrust) plays an important role THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

6. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Critical interpretive synthesis > Analysis of complex and diverse bodies of literature > Qualitative approaches > New concepts and theories  WoS search > TS= (African countries OR Africa) AND (local knowledge OR indigenous knowledge OR traditional knowledge) and (health OR mortality OR malaria OR tropical diseases OR non-communicable OR alcohol OR deaths OR family planning OR reproductive health OR hazardous OR pollution OR vaccines OR medicin*) AND TI=(local OR indigenous OR traditional) LITERATURE REVIEW

8. Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam  Many papers on ethnobotany (133 papers)  Cognitive aspects > Different knowledge systems, different status  Structural aspects > Legislative framework, education systems  Relational aspects > Trust/distrust, networks FINDINGS

9. ‹#› Het begint met een idee 9 Het begint met een idee  Cognitive, structural and relational disconnects  Limited number of countries: South Africa (9), Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe (3), Ghana, Mali, Cote d-Ivoire (1)  Strong focus on HIV/AIDS (9), malaria (4), and primary health care FINDINGS This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

10. ‹#› Het begint met een idee 10 Het begint met een idee  Social capital is a useful lens  Case studies linking local and biomedical knowledge at local and national level  Advocacy  Thank you for your attention CONCLUSIONS AND NEXT STEPS This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA

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