Linked Open Government Data

Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie

Linked Open Government Data
Deirdre Lee
eGovernment Domain (DEG), DERI
21st March 2012

 Copyright 2011 Digital Enterprise Research Institute. All rights reserved.

Enabling Networked Knowledge


Linked Data


The Web.. Distributed Information


Why Linked Data?

Cities:Dublin
Geo:hasLargestCity
84421km2
Wikipedia.org Geo:IslandOfIreland
Geo:hasCapital
Geo:area
Geo:locatedOn

EU:RepublicOfIreland

EU:RepublicOfIreland
Gov:hasDepartment
Gov:hasTaoiseach
Gov.ie
Person:EndaKenny
IE:DepartmentOfFinance


Why Linked Open Data?

Org:BlanchardstownHospital hosp:childrensWard
hosp:hasWard

data.fingal.ie Org:hasOrgType

Org:hospital

Org:hospital

Org:hasOrgType
hosp:hasWard
dublinked.ie Org:StJamesHospital hosp:cardiacWard


Two Key Ingredients

1. RDF – Resource Description Framework
Graph based Data – nodes and arcs
 Identifies objects (URIs)
 Interlink information (Relationships)

2. Vocabularies (Ontologies)
 provide shared understanding of a domain
 organise knowledge in a machine-comprehensible way
 give an exploitable meaning to the data

6 of 46

5 Stars Of Linked Open Data

http://lab.linkeddata.deri.ie/2010/star-scheme-by-example/


Proof Points

 Massive Industry Adoption



Open Government Data


Open Government Data (OGD)

 Open Data: data that can be freely used, reused
and redistributed by anyone.*

 Government Data: data and information produced
or commissioned by government or government
controlled entities.*

 Not sensitive or private information but core public
data on transport, infrastructure, education, health,
crime, environment, etc.

*Open Knowledge Foundation (OKF) http://opengovernmentdata.org/what/


Open Data Timeline


216 Registered Data Catalogues
(datacatalogs.org)


Open Data Initiatives

 Catalogues
 data.gov, data.gov.uk, dublinked.ie
 Best practices
 TBL’S 5-star, OKF Open Data Handbook
 Standards
 DCAT, ADMS, INSPIRE
 Working groups
 W3C eGov IG, W3C GLD WG, OASIS TGF TC, Irish NCIWGOD
 Projects
 LOD2, LATC, Citadel on the Move
 Legislation
 EU PSI Directive, Irish Public Sector Reform Plan



Linked Open Government Data


LOD Cloud

http://lod-cloud.net


Linked Data by Domain

Distribution of triples by
domain

Distribution of links by
domain

http://lod-cloud.net/state


data.gov (US)

http://www.data.gov/semantic


data.gov.uk

http://data.gov.uk/linked-data


Catalunya, Zaragoza (ES)

http://www20.gencat.cat/portal
/site/dadesobertes?newLang=
en_GB

http://www.zaragoza.es/ciudad
/risp/buscar_Risp


Brazil, Chile, Netherlands...

http://ligadonospoliticos.com.br
http://datos.bcn.cl/portal/visualizacion/
http://semanticweb.cs.vu.nl/poseidon/ns/


Europe

https://joinup.ec.europa.eu


Europe

 European Public Sector Information (PSI) Platform, to raise awareness
and exchange good practices. More planned activities under CIP are
foreseen.
 LOD2- FP7 project to increase public access to high- value, machine-
readable data sets generated by European, national/regional/local public
administrations.
 The Linked Open Data Around the Clock (LATC) FP7 Support Action
supports interested partners to publish and consume Linked Data.
 Digital Agenda Stakeholders’ Day: “Priority #3: Beyond raw data: public
sector information, done well”. A discussion on what is next in Open
Data
 Provide Semantic Interoperability Center Europe (SEMIC) as a possible
trusted registry infrastructure for vocabulary, metadata schemas and EU
URI management (semantic assets)
 Investigate ways of improving access to EC information
Peristeras, V. ‘From Open to Linked Government Data’, http://linkeddata.future-
internet.eu/images/b/be/Peristeras_From_Open_to_Linked_Government_Data.pdf


W3C Government Linked
Data WG

 Task Force Community Directory,
 Outreach: Technology_Policy_Leaders
 Outreach: Civil_Society
 Task Force Best Practices for Publishing Linked Data
 Charter 2.2.1 Procurement
 Charter 2.2.2 Vocabulary Selection
 Charter 2.2.3 URI Construction
 Charter 2.2.4 Versioning http://www.w3.org/2011/gld/wiki/Main_Page
 Charter 2.2.5 Stability
 Charter 2.2.6 Legacy Data
 Charter 2.2.7 Government Linked Data Cookbook
 Task Force Standard Vocabularies
 Charter 2.3.1 Data Catalog Vocabulary – DCAT ED, UC&R ED
 Charter 2.3.2 Data Cube Vocabulary – QB ED, UC&R ED
 Charter 2.3.3 Terms for describing people – People ED
 Charter 2.3.4 Organizational Structures – ORG ED
 Charter 2.3.5 Geography and Spatial Information


The 7 Best Practices for
Producing LOGD

1. Model the Data
2. Name things with URIs
3. Re-use vocabularies whenever possible
4. Publish human and machine readable descriptions
5. Convert data to RDF
6. Specify an appropriate license
7. Host the Linked Data Set Publicly and Announce it!

http://www.w3.org/2011/gld/wiki/Linked_Data_Cookbook


How the BBC makes
Websites

 Develop a domain model
 Populate your data model
 Design URIs
 Build pages
 Apply layout and decor CSS
 Test and iterate

Mike Atherton, ‘Beyond the Polar Bear’
http://www.slideshare.net/reduxd/beyond-the-polar-bear


BBC Ontologies

 Programmes ontology
 purl.org/ontology/po
 Wildlife ontology
 purl.org/ontology/wo
 Sport ontology
 bbc.co.uk/ontologies/sport

 Links to LOD Cloud, e.g. DBpedia, WWF, etc.

http://www.slideshare.net/reduxd/beyond-
the-polar-bear


Linked Data Lifecycle

http://linked-data-life-cycles.info/


Linked Open Government Data

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