Line of Controll (LoC) by Adnan Mashokhel
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•1,026 views
The Line of Control is a military control line between Pakistan and India in the disputed Kashmir region. It does not represent an official international boundary but functions as a de facto border. Originally called the Cease-fire Line after partition in 1949, it was renamed the Line of Control following the 1972 Simla Agreement. The LoC is approximately 740 km long, running from the Siachen Glacier in the north to the Lala Musa area in the south.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Introduction to pakistan studies
Introduction to pakistan studiesQuaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology, Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan
This document provides an introduction to a Pakistan Studies course, outlining the course content, objectives, and learning outcomes. The course will explore Pakistan's history from pre-Indus civilization to present day, as well as its geography, political system, economy, society, languages, education, and contemporary challenges. It will trace the development of Muslim nationalism and creation of Pakistan, examine its constitutional history and foreign relations, and analyze Pakistan's geostrategic importance and challenges regarding issues like the Kashmir conflict, water issues, and energy problems. The course aims to help students understand contemporary issues in historical context and develop connection to their country. Critical thinking will be encouraged through questioning and respectful debate.Pak india relations
This document discusses the history of relations between Pakistan and India from 1947 to 2016. It notes several issues that have caused tensions, such as the Kashmir issue, water treaties, terrorism, and line of control violations. It also summarizes the major wars between Pakistan and India in 1947, 1965, 1971, 1999 and the Kargil War. The nuclear programs and tests of both countries are also briefly outlined. In conclusion, it states that India and Pakistan must resolve the Kashmir issue and water treaties to improve their relationship.
Indo pakistani war of 1971
The 1971 Indo-Pakistani War began in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) in March 1971 and culminated in East Pakistan declaring independence as Bangladesh in December 1971. The war broke out due to political and economic discrimination of East Pakistan by West Pakistan which led to Bengali nationalist movements. In December 1971, Pakistan launched air strikes on India, beginning the war. India supported the Mukti Bahini insurgency in East Pakistan with arms and training. By December, Indian and Mukti Bahini forces defeated Pakistan in East Pakistan, leading to the creation of Bangladesh. Over 90,000 Pakistani troops surrendered in East Pakistan, marking the end of the war and the largest military surrender since World War II.
Pakistan-UN Relations
This document discusses Pakistan's relationship with the United Nations from its emergence as a nation in 1947 to its contributions to UN peacekeeping missions. It covers Pakistan's disputes with neighboring countries such as Afghanistan and India over issues like borders and water rights. It also summarizes several UN peacekeeping missions involving Pakistan such as those in Congo, Bosnia, Somalia, and Sierra Leone. Pakistan has been one of the top contributors of troops to UN peacekeeping and has played an important role in many missions over the decades.
Pakistan Bangladesh Relations
The document discusses the causes of poor and good relations between Pakistan and Bangladesh. Poor relations stemmed from the 1971 war of independence, civil war, Pakistan initially refusing to recognize Bangladesh, and disagreements over dividing assets. Good relations emerged after the 1976 assassination of Mujeeb, with improving agreements around tourism, culture, and trade such that bilateral trade reached $40 million annually by 1986. Both countries also joined organizations like SAARC and assisted each other during natural disasters.
Pakistan & India relationships Over the Years by ZZ
The document discusses Pakistan and India's relationship over time based on the perspectives of various Pakistani politicians and civil society leaders. It outlines a history of tensions and conflicts between the two countries, as well as periods of more positive diplomacy and peace talks. Imran Khan, leader of the PTI party, is discussed as advocating for increased economic cooperation, open borders, and a resolution of the Kashmir issue in order to improve relations. Benazir Bhutto is also mentioned, noting her views evolved from supporting Kashmiri separatism to calling for economic integration between Pakistan and India.
Factors Leading to Muslim Separatism in the Sub-continent.pptx
The document outlines 15 factors that led to Muslim separatism and the desire for Pakistan in the Indian subcontinent: 1) The evolution of the Two-Nation Theory due to religious and ideological differences between Hindus and Muslims, 2) Cultural differences such as burial practices, 3) Social differences in food, clothing, and language, 4) Economic policies that disadvantaged Muslims, 5) Educational differences, 6) Political differences, 7) The British invasion of India and support of Hindus over Muslims, 8) The desire to establish an Islamic state, 9) The Urdu-Hindi controversy, 10) Hindu nationalism and militant organizations, 11) Congress rule from 1937-1939 that imposed Hindu culture, and 12) British economic, revenue
Muslim rule in india
The document provides details about Muslim rule in India from 712-1857 CE. It begins with the conquest of Sindh in 711 CE led by Muhammad bin Qasim which established the first Islamic rule on the subcontinent. It then discusses several rulers who expanded Islamic territories in India, including the Delhi Sultanate established by Qutb-ud-din Aibak in 1206, the Mughal Empire from 1526-1857, and British colonial rule beginning in the 1600s. The rise and fall of major Islamic dynasties that ruled in India over this period are summarized.
Recommended
Introduction to pakistan studies
Introduction to pakistan studiesQuaid-e-Awam University of Engineering, Science and Technology, Nawabshah, Sindh, Pakistan
This document provides an introduction to a Pakistan Studies course, outlining the course content, objectives, and learning outcomes. The course will explore Pakistan's history from pre-Indus civilization to present day, as well as its geography, political system, economy, society, languages, education, and contemporary challenges. It will trace the development of Muslim nationalism and creation of Pakistan, examine its constitutional history and foreign relations, and analyze Pakistan's geostrategic importance and challenges regarding issues like the Kashmir conflict, water issues, and energy problems. The course aims to help students understand contemporary issues in historical context and develop connection to their country. Critical thinking will be encouraged through questioning and respectful debate.Pak india relations
This document discusses the history of relations between Pakistan and India from 1947 to 2016. It notes several issues that have caused tensions, such as the Kashmir issue, water treaties, terrorism, and line of control violations. It also summarizes the major wars between Pakistan and India in 1947, 1965, 1971, 1999 and the Kargil War. The nuclear programs and tests of both countries are also briefly outlined. In conclusion, it states that India and Pakistan must resolve the Kashmir issue and water treaties to improve their relationship.
Indo pakistani war of 1971
The 1971 Indo-Pakistani War began in East Pakistan (now Bangladesh) in March 1971 and culminated in East Pakistan declaring independence as Bangladesh in December 1971. The war broke out due to political and economic discrimination of East Pakistan by West Pakistan which led to Bengali nationalist movements. In December 1971, Pakistan launched air strikes on India, beginning the war. India supported the Mukti Bahini insurgency in East Pakistan with arms and training. By December, Indian and Mukti Bahini forces defeated Pakistan in East Pakistan, leading to the creation of Bangladesh. Over 90,000 Pakistani troops surrendered in East Pakistan, marking the end of the war and the largest military surrender since World War II.
Pakistan-UN Relations
This document discusses Pakistan's relationship with the United Nations from its emergence as a nation in 1947 to its contributions to UN peacekeeping missions. It covers Pakistan's disputes with neighboring countries such as Afghanistan and India over issues like borders and water rights. It also summarizes several UN peacekeeping missions involving Pakistan such as those in Congo, Bosnia, Somalia, and Sierra Leone. Pakistan has been one of the top contributors of troops to UN peacekeeping and has played an important role in many missions over the decades.
Pakistan Bangladesh Relations
The document discusses the causes of poor and good relations between Pakistan and Bangladesh. Poor relations stemmed from the 1971 war of independence, civil war, Pakistan initially refusing to recognize Bangladesh, and disagreements over dividing assets. Good relations emerged after the 1976 assassination of Mujeeb, with improving agreements around tourism, culture, and trade such that bilateral trade reached $40 million annually by 1986. Both countries also joined organizations like SAARC and assisted each other during natural disasters.
Pakistan & India relationships Over the Years by ZZ
The document discusses Pakistan and India's relationship over time based on the perspectives of various Pakistani politicians and civil society leaders. It outlines a history of tensions and conflicts between the two countries, as well as periods of more positive diplomacy and peace talks. Imran Khan, leader of the PTI party, is discussed as advocating for increased economic cooperation, open borders, and a resolution of the Kashmir issue in order to improve relations. Benazir Bhutto is also mentioned, noting her views evolved from supporting Kashmiri separatism to calling for economic integration between Pakistan and India.
Factors Leading to Muslim Separatism in the Sub-continent.pptx
The document outlines 15 factors that led to Muslim separatism and the desire for Pakistan in the Indian subcontinent: 1) The evolution of the Two-Nation Theory due to religious and ideological differences between Hindus and Muslims, 2) Cultural differences such as burial practices, 3) Social differences in food, clothing, and language, 4) Economic policies that disadvantaged Muslims, 5) Educational differences, 6) Political differences, 7) The British invasion of India and support of Hindus over Muslims, 8) The desire to establish an Islamic state, 9) The Urdu-Hindi controversy, 10) Hindu nationalism and militant organizations, 11) Congress rule from 1937-1939 that imposed Hindu culture, and 12) British economic, revenue
Muslim rule in india
The document provides details about Muslim rule in India from 712-1857 CE. It begins with the conquest of Sindh in 711 CE led by Muhammad bin Qasim which established the first Islamic rule on the subcontinent. It then discusses several rulers who expanded Islamic territories in India, including the Delhi Sultanate established by Qutb-ud-din Aibak in 1206, the Mughal Empire from 1526-1857, and British colonial rule beginning in the 1600s. The rise and fall of major Islamic dynasties that ruled in India over this period are summarized.
Pak indo relations
This document summarizes Pak-India relations since their partition in 1947. It outlines key events that have strained their relationship such as the Kashmir dispute, three Indo-Pakistan wars between 1965-1971, the Kargil War in 1999, and recent tensions in 2019. While agreements like the Indus Water Treaty and Simla Agreement have aimed to reduce tensions, disputes over Kashmir and cross-border attacks have typically undermined efforts to build trust and cooperation between the two countries.
Kashmir dispute
The Kashmir dispute is a long-standing territorial conflict between India and Pakistan over the Kashmir region. Kashmir is important to both countries for strategic reasons, including its water resources and proximity to key transportation routes. The conflict has led to multiple wars between India and Pakistan and remains a flashpoint for potential nuclear conflict in the region. Despite UN resolutions calling for a plebiscite to determine Kashmir's status, India has resisted allowing Kashmiris a vote for independence for over 55 years. The dispute remains unresolved and a serious threat to regional stability and security.
Objective resolution 1949 - Pakistan
What are the salient features of the Objective Resolution ?
What is the worth of Objective Resolution in Pakistan’s Political and constituent history?
Attributes of the Objective Resolution
Worth of Objective Resolution
Iqbal: An Analysis on his Life, Works and Mission(Journal Paper)
The Islamic world has witnessed the emergence of great number of Muslim scholars. The names of those who made positive contributions are mentioned till to these days. The poet-philosopher Allama Muhammad Iqbal is one of those great scholars who have left a legacy behind to be followed by other scholars particularly in the area of how to deal with the West. His own reconciliatory
approach in dealing between the West and the Islamic world should be an interesting one. Within the confines of this paper, the researcher would like to explore and analyze the life, works and mission of Iqbal, focusing on his philosophical approach to Muslim ummah.
Wallace's Zoogeographical Realms
A zoogeographical region/realm is a sub-division of the Earth having a unique fauna, i.e. species that are found only in that area. Alfred Russel Wallace introduced six zoogeographical realms: Palearctic, Ethiopian, Oriental, Australian, Neotropical, and Nearctic regions. This is a brief overview of each.
Location And Geography Of Pakistan
This document provides information about the location and geography of Pakistan. It begins with an introduction to Pakistan's creation and capital. It then discusses Pakistan's neighboring countries of China, Afghanistan, India, and Iran and the relationships between Pakistan and each. The document also covers Pakistan's geography, including its provinces, landforms, climate, importance, and physical features. It provides details on the administration division, neighboring country borders, and climatic conditions in tables.
Pakistan and its Languages
The document discusses the complex linguistic situation and language issues in Pakistan. It notes that Pakistan emerged as a multilingual country after independence, inheriting English as the colonial administrative language and Urdu retaining symbolic value as a Muslim identity marker. Major languages spoken include Punjabi, Pashto, Sindhi, Balochi, and others. However, language boundaries are blurred due to population movements. The language policy emphasizes religious identity over linguistic ones, and language continues to be a sensitive issue in Pakistan.
Ideology Of Pakistanclass
The document discusses the ideology of Pakistan and the two-nation theory. It explains that the ideology of Pakistan is based on Islamic principles and the idea that Muslims and Hindus are two distinct nations that could not remain united in one country due to religious, cultural and social differences. Key figures like Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Allama Iqbal advocated for a separate Muslim homeland where they could live according to Islamic teachings and customs, leading to the establishment of Pakistan.
Sino indian-war
The 1962 Sino-Indian War was fought between China and India along their disputed border. China defeated India's ill-prepared forces in the high altitude terrain of Ladakh. This war had significant consequences for regional geopolitics. It weakened India's non-alignment policy and led it to seek allies among foreign powers. Pakistan supported China in the conflict and their alliance strengthened. The war also impacted the India-Pakistan relationship over Kashmir. Long term, China's influence in South Asia rose as it gained an important ally in Pakistan.
Kashmir issue
Pakistan claims Jammu and Kashmir based on its majority Muslim population, whereas China claims the Shaksam Valley and Aksai Chin. The Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict primarily between India and Pakistan, having started just after the partition of India in 1947. ... The present conflict is in Kashmir Valley
Pakistan geographic importance
Pakistan is located in South Asia, bordered by Afghanistan to the west, Iran to the southwest, India to the east, and China to the northeast. It has a total area of 796,095 square kilometers, including 770,875 square kilometers of land and 25,220 square kilometers of water. Pakistan shares international borders with Afghanistan, Iran, India and China that total 6,774 kilometers in length. Due to its strategic location between Central Asia, the Middle East and South Asia, Pakistan connects several important regions and has geographical and economic importance.
Ideology & creation of pakistan english and urdu
The document discusses the ideology of Pakistan. It outlines several factors that led to the Muslim separation in British India, including British colonization, pan-Islamism, religious differences between Hindus and Muslims, and the two-nation theory. The ideology of Pakistan is defined as the belief that Pakistan should be a state where Muslims can live according to Islamic principles. Key figures who shaped the ideology include Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, who first proposed the two-nation theory, and Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Allama Iqbal, who advocated for a separate Muslim homeland and helped establish Pakistan's foundation.
Relationship between india and pakistan
its help you to know about relationship between india and Pakistan it helps to become smart than other kids
Was jinnah killed....?
The document discusses the secrecy surrounding Muhammad Ali Jinnah's final flight from Karachi to Quetta in July 1948 and his subsequent death in September 1948. It notes that extreme secrecy was used during the flight and Jinnah's treatment, including screening him from view and not informing flight crew of his identity. After his death, it calls for historians to uncover the truth about events during Jinnah's last months, as historical truths are often suppressed. The document suggests Jinnah's death may not have been fully explained.
Geography of pakistan
Pakistan has a diverse geography ranging from plains to deserts, forests, hills and plateaus. It lies between latitudes 23-37 degrees north and longitudes 61-77 degrees east, sharing borders with India, Afghanistan, Iran and China. Pakistan's provinces include Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Azad Kashmir. The country features the Karakoram, Hindu Kush and Himalaya mountain ranges, the Indus River, Thar and Cholistan deserts, and natural resources including coal, natural gas and gold deposits.
Muslim advent
The document provides information on the Muslim advent in the Indian subcontinent from 712-1556 CE. It summarizes the campaigns of key Muslim rulers like Muhammad bin Qasim, Mahmud Ghaznavi, Muhammad Ghori, the Mamluk and Khalji sultans who established Islamic rule in parts of South Asia through military conquests and expansion of the Delhi Sultanate. Critical battles, territories captured, and administrative policies implemented are outlined. Key figures that advanced the reach of Muslim political control during this period are named.
Geography of pakistan
Pakistan has 4 provinces and territories and borders China, India, Iran and Afghanistan. It has diverse geography including deserts like Thar and Cholistan, mountains like the Himalayas and Hindu Kush, plains along the Indus River, and plateaus. Pakistan has a population of over 210 million and is home to both Muslims and non-Muslims. Agriculture is an important industry, with crops grown in different seasons across irrigated plains. Natural resources include coal, gas, salt mines and metals.
Relation of Pakistan and afghanistan
The document discusses obstacles and steps taken to improve relations between Pakistan and Afghanistan. Some initial obstacles included Afghanistan not recognizing Pakistan, a border dispute, Afghanistan supporting separatist movements in Pakistan and breaking diplomatic relations multiple times. However, both countries also took steps like high-level visits in 1956 and 1973 to improve relations. Pakistan also accommodated Afghan refugees and allowed transit access.
Foreign policy of pakistan
This document provides an overview of Pakistan's foreign policy from 1947 to the present. It discusses the key principles and vision outlined by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, including non-alignment and friendship with all nations. It then analyzes Pakistan's foreign policy through different phases, from the country's founding to the ongoing war on terror. The document also examines Pakistan's relationships with other countries and the agencies involved in foreign policymaking.
Pak-Afghan Relations in post 9-11 era: A case study of Durand line security b...
This document outlines the history of relations between Pakistan and Afghanistan from Pakistan's independence in 1947 to the post-9/11 era. It discusses the tensions caused by the disputed Durand Line border and Afghanistan's claims over Pashtun areas in Pakistan. The relations progressed through phases of hostility over the border issues, cooperation against the Soviet invasion, civil war after the Soviets withdrew, Taliban rule with Pakistani support, and renewed tensions after 9/11 when Pakistan joined the US in fighting terrorists along the border. The document argues that securing the border and increasing cultural exchange could help resolve tensions, while a peaceful dialogue is needed to settle disputes over the Durand Line.
indian military_Shamik Patil
The document summarizes several key wars and battles in India's history after independence, including the surrender of Pakistan's army, the War of Kargil, and operations at Tololing, Tiger Hill, and Siachen Glacier. It discusses Pakistan's intrusion plan during the Kargil War and India's battle plans to take back control of the strategic mountain passes and highways that Pakistan had seized, culminating in Operation Vijay which achieved victory over the Pakistani intruders.
Viviendo
Vivir en el Espíritu requiere que nos sometamos completamente a Dios y permitamos que su Espíritu guíe todos los aspectos de nuestras vidas. Debemos caminar en el Espíritu mediante la obediencia a la Palabra de Dios y el amor, la paz y la alegría que solo Él puede darnos. Al hacer esto, experimentaremos la vida abundante que Dios desea para nosotros.
More Related Content
What's hot
Pak indo relations
This document summarizes Pak-India relations since their partition in 1947. It outlines key events that have strained their relationship such as the Kashmir dispute, three Indo-Pakistan wars between 1965-1971, the Kargil War in 1999, and recent tensions in 2019. While agreements like the Indus Water Treaty and Simla Agreement have aimed to reduce tensions, disputes over Kashmir and cross-border attacks have typically undermined efforts to build trust and cooperation between the two countries.
Kashmir dispute
The Kashmir dispute is a long-standing territorial conflict between India and Pakistan over the Kashmir region. Kashmir is important to both countries for strategic reasons, including its water resources and proximity to key transportation routes. The conflict has led to multiple wars between India and Pakistan and remains a flashpoint for potential nuclear conflict in the region. Despite UN resolutions calling for a plebiscite to determine Kashmir's status, India has resisted allowing Kashmiris a vote for independence for over 55 years. The dispute remains unresolved and a serious threat to regional stability and security.
Objective resolution 1949 - Pakistan
What are the salient features of the Objective Resolution ?
What is the worth of Objective Resolution in Pakistan’s Political and constituent history?
Attributes of the Objective Resolution
Worth of Objective Resolution
Iqbal: An Analysis on his Life, Works and Mission(Journal Paper)
The Islamic world has witnessed the emergence of great number of Muslim scholars. The names of those who made positive contributions are mentioned till to these days. The poet-philosopher Allama Muhammad Iqbal is one of those great scholars who have left a legacy behind to be followed by other scholars particularly in the area of how to deal with the West. His own reconciliatory
approach in dealing between the West and the Islamic world should be an interesting one. Within the confines of this paper, the researcher would like to explore and analyze the life, works and mission of Iqbal, focusing on his philosophical approach to Muslim ummah.
Wallace's Zoogeographical Realms
A zoogeographical region/realm is a sub-division of the Earth having a unique fauna, i.e. species that are found only in that area. Alfred Russel Wallace introduced six zoogeographical realms: Palearctic, Ethiopian, Oriental, Australian, Neotropical, and Nearctic regions. This is a brief overview of each.
Location And Geography Of Pakistan
This document provides information about the location and geography of Pakistan. It begins with an introduction to Pakistan's creation and capital. It then discusses Pakistan's neighboring countries of China, Afghanistan, India, and Iran and the relationships between Pakistan and each. The document also covers Pakistan's geography, including its provinces, landforms, climate, importance, and physical features. It provides details on the administration division, neighboring country borders, and climatic conditions in tables.
Pakistan and its Languages
The document discusses the complex linguistic situation and language issues in Pakistan. It notes that Pakistan emerged as a multilingual country after independence, inheriting English as the colonial administrative language and Urdu retaining symbolic value as a Muslim identity marker. Major languages spoken include Punjabi, Pashto, Sindhi, Balochi, and others. However, language boundaries are blurred due to population movements. The language policy emphasizes religious identity over linguistic ones, and language continues to be a sensitive issue in Pakistan.
Ideology Of Pakistanclass
The document discusses the ideology of Pakistan and the two-nation theory. It explains that the ideology of Pakistan is based on Islamic principles and the idea that Muslims and Hindus are two distinct nations that could not remain united in one country due to religious, cultural and social differences. Key figures like Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Allama Iqbal advocated for a separate Muslim homeland where they could live according to Islamic teachings and customs, leading to the establishment of Pakistan.
Sino indian-war
The 1962 Sino-Indian War was fought between China and India along their disputed border. China defeated India's ill-prepared forces in the high altitude terrain of Ladakh. This war had significant consequences for regional geopolitics. It weakened India's non-alignment policy and led it to seek allies among foreign powers. Pakistan supported China in the conflict and their alliance strengthened. The war also impacted the India-Pakistan relationship over Kashmir. Long term, China's influence in South Asia rose as it gained an important ally in Pakistan.
Kashmir issue
Pakistan claims Jammu and Kashmir based on its majority Muslim population, whereas China claims the Shaksam Valley and Aksai Chin. The Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict primarily between India and Pakistan, having started just after the partition of India in 1947. ... The present conflict is in Kashmir Valley
Pakistan geographic importance
Pakistan is located in South Asia, bordered by Afghanistan to the west, Iran to the southwest, India to the east, and China to the northeast. It has a total area of 796,095 square kilometers, including 770,875 square kilometers of land and 25,220 square kilometers of water. Pakistan shares international borders with Afghanistan, Iran, India and China that total 6,774 kilometers in length. Due to its strategic location between Central Asia, the Middle East and South Asia, Pakistan connects several important regions and has geographical and economic importance.
Ideology & creation of pakistan english and urdu
The document discusses the ideology of Pakistan. It outlines several factors that led to the Muslim separation in British India, including British colonization, pan-Islamism, religious differences between Hindus and Muslims, and the two-nation theory. The ideology of Pakistan is defined as the belief that Pakistan should be a state where Muslims can live according to Islamic principles. Key figures who shaped the ideology include Sir Syed Ahmad Khan, who first proposed the two-nation theory, and Muhammad Ali Jinnah and Allama Iqbal, who advocated for a separate Muslim homeland and helped establish Pakistan's foundation.
Relationship between india and pakistan
its help you to know about relationship between india and Pakistan it helps to become smart than other kids
Was jinnah killed....?
The document discusses the secrecy surrounding Muhammad Ali Jinnah's final flight from Karachi to Quetta in July 1948 and his subsequent death in September 1948. It notes that extreme secrecy was used during the flight and Jinnah's treatment, including screening him from view and not informing flight crew of his identity. After his death, it calls for historians to uncover the truth about events during Jinnah's last months, as historical truths are often suppressed. The document suggests Jinnah's death may not have been fully explained.
Geography of pakistan
Pakistan has a diverse geography ranging from plains to deserts, forests, hills and plateaus. It lies between latitudes 23-37 degrees north and longitudes 61-77 degrees east, sharing borders with India, Afghanistan, Iran and China. Pakistan's provinces include Punjab, Sindh, Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Azad Kashmir. The country features the Karakoram, Hindu Kush and Himalaya mountain ranges, the Indus River, Thar and Cholistan deserts, and natural resources including coal, natural gas and gold deposits.
Muslim advent
The document provides information on the Muslim advent in the Indian subcontinent from 712-1556 CE. It summarizes the campaigns of key Muslim rulers like Muhammad bin Qasim, Mahmud Ghaznavi, Muhammad Ghori, the Mamluk and Khalji sultans who established Islamic rule in parts of South Asia through military conquests and expansion of the Delhi Sultanate. Critical battles, territories captured, and administrative policies implemented are outlined. Key figures that advanced the reach of Muslim political control during this period are named.
Geography of pakistan
Pakistan has 4 provinces and territories and borders China, India, Iran and Afghanistan. It has diverse geography including deserts like Thar and Cholistan, mountains like the Himalayas and Hindu Kush, plains along the Indus River, and plateaus. Pakistan has a population of over 210 million and is home to both Muslims and non-Muslims. Agriculture is an important industry, with crops grown in different seasons across irrigated plains. Natural resources include coal, gas, salt mines and metals.
Relation of Pakistan and afghanistan
The document discusses obstacles and steps taken to improve relations between Pakistan and Afghanistan. Some initial obstacles included Afghanistan not recognizing Pakistan, a border dispute, Afghanistan supporting separatist movements in Pakistan and breaking diplomatic relations multiple times. However, both countries also took steps like high-level visits in 1956 and 1973 to improve relations. Pakistan also accommodated Afghan refugees and allowed transit access.
Foreign policy of pakistan
This document provides an overview of Pakistan's foreign policy from 1947 to the present. It discusses the key principles and vision outlined by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, including non-alignment and friendship with all nations. It then analyzes Pakistan's foreign policy through different phases, from the country's founding to the ongoing war on terror. The document also examines Pakistan's relationships with other countries and the agencies involved in foreign policymaking.
Pak-Afghan Relations in post 9-11 era: A case study of Durand line security b...
This document outlines the history of relations between Pakistan and Afghanistan from Pakistan's independence in 1947 to the post-9/11 era. It discusses the tensions caused by the disputed Durand Line border and Afghanistan's claims over Pashtun areas in Pakistan. The relations progressed through phases of hostility over the border issues, cooperation against the Soviet invasion, civil war after the Soviets withdrew, Taliban rule with Pakistani support, and renewed tensions after 9/11 when Pakistan joined the US in fighting terrorists along the border. The document argues that securing the border and increasing cultural exchange could help resolve tensions, while a peaceful dialogue is needed to settle disputes over the Durand Line.
What's hot (20)
Iqbal: An Analysis on his Life, Works and Mission(Journal Paper)
Iqbal: An Analysis on his Life, Works and Mission(Journal Paper)
Ideology & creation of pakistan english and urdu
Ideology & creation of pakistan english and urdu
Pak-Afghan Relations in post 9-11 era: A case study of Durand line security b...
Pak-Afghan Relations in post 9-11 era: A case study of Durand line security b...
Viewers also liked
indian military_Shamik Patil
The document summarizes several key wars and battles in India's history after independence, including the surrender of Pakistan's army, the War of Kargil, and operations at Tololing, Tiger Hill, and Siachen Glacier. It discusses Pakistan's intrusion plan during the Kargil War and India's battle plans to take back control of the strategic mountain passes and highways that Pakistan had seized, culminating in Operation Vijay which achieved victory over the Pakistani intruders.
Viviendo
Vivir en el Espíritu requiere que nos sometamos completamente a Dios y permitamos que su Espíritu guíe todos los aspectos de nuestras vidas. Debemos caminar en el Espíritu mediante la obediencia a la Palabra de Dios y el amor, la paz y la alegría que solo Él puede darnos. Al hacer esto, experimentaremos la vida abundante que Dios desea para nosotros.
SIACHEN CONFLICT
The document discusses the Siachen Glacier conflict between India and Pakistan. It provides background on the geography and history of the conflict-ridden region. Specifically, it details how India gained control of the glacier in 1984 through Operation Meghdoot amid competing territorial claims by both countries. While India controls most of the glacier, the situation remains militarized with casualties occurring frequently over the past decades. Potential solutions discussed include demilitarization and establishing a joint or international peacekeeping administration of the strategically important but inhospitable terrain.
Wars that india has fought
This document provides a summary of several wars fought by India between 1947 and 1999. It describes the Indo-Pakistani wars of 1947, 1965 and 1971, as well as Operation Polo against Hyderabad in 1948, the Goa Liberation war against Portugal in 1961, the Sino-Indian war against China in 1962, and the Kargil War against Pakistan in 1999. For each conflict it provides brief details on the year, opposing sides, key events and outcome.
Issues of conflict between india and pakistan
The document outlines several key issues of conflict between India and Pakistan, including Sir Creek, the Siachin Glacier, and water disputes. Sir Creek is an unresolved maritime boundary in the Runn of Kutch region, which both countries claim. The Siachin Glacier is a strategically important mountainous region where both countries maintain a permanent military presence. There are also ongoing water disputes around dams and hydroelectric projects on rivers like the Chenab that flow between the two countries. These issues remain unresolved sources of tension despite numerous negotiations and treaties over the decades.
China pakistan economic corridor Project
This document summarizes a simulation exercise on the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) conducted by a Prime Minister's Task Force. It outlines the timeline, challenges, strategies, and impact of CPEC projects. Key projects include energy projects worth $33.7 billion and transportation infrastructure projects worth $6.1 billion. Challenges include regional issues, security, political, administrative, capacity, and financial concerns. Recommendations focus on addressing challenges through coordination, security measures, monitoring apps, and prioritizing fiscal resources for CPEC. Economic benefits are projected to significantly increase Pakistan's GDP growth rate and double the size of the economy by 2028.
Pakistan vs India
The document discusses tensions between India and Pakistan over several decades. Key events include nuclear tests by both countries in 1998, military strikes by India in Kashmir in 1999, and the creation of India and Pakistan as separate states from Britain in 1947. The document also mentions the 1971 conflict in East Pakistan, Pakistan's relations with the US, insurgent activity in Kashmir allegedly supported by Pakistan, and the countries' history as long-time cricket rivals. It discusses both countries' missile capabilities and no-first-use policies regarding nuclear weapons.
Pak india 1965 war
The document summarizes the causes and key events of the 1965 India-Pakistan War. The main causes of the war included the Kashmir issue, hostility between Hindus and Muslims following the partition of India, and India's recent defeat by China in 1962. The war began in August 1965 when Indian forces crossed into Pakistan administered Kashmir. Initially India had success in Kashmir but Pakistan counterattacked successfully in Punjab. As air forces from both sides entered the conflict, the war escalated. The war ended in January 1966 with the Tashkent Agreement between India and Pakistan. The agreement was unpopular in Pakistan and weakened the political standing of Ayub Khan. In its aftermath, both countries increased defense spending and India strengthened ties
Indo pak relations
This document discusses various aspects of India-Pakistan relations over time. It notes a history of conflict and distrust between the two countries, despite periods of attempted cooperation, and argues that unilateral goodwill from India has not yielded benefits. It suggests India needs to maintain military superiority and adopt a harder line policy of deterrence and retaliation to discourage future attacks from Pakistan. People-to-people contacts and trade alone will not improve relations due to indoctrination in Pakistan.
Viewers also liked (9)
Recently uploaded
Patenting_Innovations_in_3D_Printing_Prosthetics.pptx
slide deck : Patenting innovations in 3D printing
Sangyun Lee, 'Why Korea's Merger Control Occasionally Fails: A Public Choice ...
Presentation slides for a session held on June 4, 2024, at Kyoto University. This presentation is based on the presenter’s recent paper, coauthored with Hwang Lee, Professor, Korea University, with the same title, published in the Journal of Business Administration & Law, Volume 34, No. 2 (April 2024). The paper, written in Korean, is available at <https://shorturl.at/GCWcI>.
XYZ-v.-state-of-Maharashtra-Bombay-HC-Writ-Petition-6340-2023.pdf
असंगत न्यायालयी फैसलों के कारण भारत में महिलाओं को सुरक्षित गर्भपात के लिए एक भ्रामक और अनुचित कानूनी लड़ाई का सामना करना पड़ रहा है।
Search Warrants for NH Law Enforcement Officers
Training aid for law enforcement officers related to search warrants, the requirements needed, drafting, and execution of the search warrant.
Lifting the Corporate Veil. Power Point Presentation
"Lifting the Corporate Veil" is a legal concept that refers to the judicial act of disregarding the separate legal personality of a corporation or limited liability company (LLC). Normally, a corporation is considered a legal entity separate from its shareholders or members, meaning that the personal assets of shareholders or members are protected from the liabilities of the corporation. However, there are certain situations where courts may decide to "pierce" or "lift" the corporate veil, holding shareholders or members personally liable for the debts or actions of the corporation.
Here are some common scenarios in which courts might lift the corporate veil:
Fraud or Illegality: If shareholders or members use the corporate structure to perpetrate fraud, evade legal obligations, or engage in illegal activities, courts may disregard the corporate entity and hold those individuals personally liable.
Undercapitalization: If a corporation is formed with insufficient capital to conduct its intended business and meet its foreseeable liabilities, and this lack of capitalization results in harm to creditors or other parties, courts may lift the corporate veil to hold shareholders or members liable.
Failure to Observe Corporate Formalities: Corporations and LLCs are required to observe certain formalities, such as holding regular meetings, maintaining separate financial records, and avoiding commingling of personal and corporate assets. If these formalities are not observed and the corporate structure is used as a mere façade, courts may disregard the corporate entity.
Alter Ego: If there is such a unity of interest and ownership between the corporation and its shareholders or members that the separate personalities of the corporation and the individuals no longer exist, courts may treat the corporation as the alter ego of its owners and hold them personally liable.
Group Enterprises: In some cases, where multiple corporations are closely related or form part of a single economic unit, courts may pierce the corporate veil to achieve equity, particularly if one corporation's actions harm creditors or other stakeholders and the corporate structure is being used to shield culpable parties from liability.
From Promise to Practice. Implementing AI in Legal Environments
Pim Betist's presentation about generative AI in the legal sector at Lexpo.com '24
一比一原版(Lincoln毕业证)新西兰林肯大学毕业证如何办理
Lincoln硕士毕业证成绩单【微信95270640】办理新西兰林肯大学毕业证原版一模一样、Lincoln毕业证制作【Q微信95270640】《新西兰林肯大学毕业证购买流程》《Lincoln成绩单制作》新西兰林肯大学毕业证书Lincoln毕业证文凭新西兰林肯大学
本科毕业证书,学历学位认证如何办理【留学国外学位学历认证、毕业证、成绩单、大学Offer、雅思托福代考、语言证书、学生卡、高仿教育部认证等一切高仿或者真实可查认证服务】代办国外（海外）英国、加拿大、美国、新西兰、澳大利亚、新西兰等国外各大学毕业证、文凭学历证书、成绩单、学历学位认证真实可查。
[留学文凭学历认证(留信认证使馆认证)新西兰林肯大学毕业证成绩单毕业证证书大学Offer请假条成绩单语言证书国际回国人员证明高仿教育部认证申请学校等一切高仿或者真实可查认证服务。
多年留学服务公司,拥有海外样板无数能完美1:1还原海外各国大学degreeDiplomaTranscripts等毕业材料。海外大学毕业材料都有哪些工艺呢？工艺难度主要由：烫金.钢印.底纹.水印.防伪光标.热敏防伪等等组成。而且我们每天都在更新海外文凭的样板以求所有同学都能享受到完美的品质服务。
国外毕业证学位证成绩单办理方法：
1客户提供办理新西兰林肯大学新西兰林肯大学毕业证学位证信息：姓名生日专业学位毕业时间等（如信息不确定可以咨询顾问：我们有专业老师帮你查询）；
2开始安排制作毕业证成绩单电子图；
3毕业证成绩单电子版做好以后发送给您确认；
4毕业证成绩单电子版您确认信息无误之后安排制作成品；
5成品做好拍照或者视频给您确认；
6快递给客户（国内顺丰国外DHLUPS等快读邮寄）
— — — — 我们是挂科和未毕业同学们的福音我们是实体公司精益求精的工艺！ — — — -
一真实留信认证的作用(私企外企荣誉的见证):
1：该专业认证可证明留学生真实留学身份同时对留学生所学专业等级给予评定。
2：国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书这个入网证书并且可以归档到地方。
3：凡是获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内将在公安部网内查询个人身份证信息后同步读取人才网入库信息。
4：个人职称评审加20分个人信誉贷款加10分。
5：在国家人才网主办的全国网络招聘大会中纳入资料供国家500强等高端企业选择人才。问山娃想买什么想吃什么山娃知道父亲赚钱很辛苦除了书籍和文具山娃啥也不要能牵着父亲的手满城闲逛他已心满意足了父亲连挑了三套童装叫山娃试穿山娃有点不想父亲说城里不比乡下要穿得漂漂亮亮爸怎么不穿得漂亮望着父亲山娃反问道父亲听了并不回答只是吃吃地笑山娃很精神越逛越起劲父亲却越逛越疲倦望着父亲呵欠连天的样子山娃也说困了累了回家吧小屋闷罐一般头顶上的三叶扇彻夜呜呜作响搅得满屋热气腾腾也搅得山娃心烦意乱父亲一的
Presentation (1).pptx Human rights of LGBTQ people in India, constitutional a...
Human rights of LGBTQ people in India, constitutional and judicial approach
What are the common challenges faced by women lawyers working in the legal pr...
The legal profession, which has historically been male-dominated, has experienced a significant increase in the number of women entering the field over the past few decades. Despite this progress, women lawyers continue to encounter various challenges as they strive for top positions.
Matthew Professional CV experienced Government Liaison
As an experienced Government Liaison, I have demonstrated expertise in Corporate Governance. My skill set includes senior-level management in Contract Management, Legal Support, and Diplomatic Relations. I have also gained proficiency as a Corporate Liaison, utilizing my strong background in accounting, finance, and legal, with a Bachelor's degree (B.A.) from California State University. My Administrative Skills further strengthen my ability to contribute to the growth and success of any organization.
The Work Permit for Self-Employed Persons in Italy
Learn more on how to obtain the work permit for self-employed persons in Italy at https://immigration-italy.com/selfemployment-work-permit-in-italy/.
Guide on the use of Artificial Intelligence-based tools by lawyers and law fi...
This guide aims to provide information on how lawyers will be able to use the opportunities provided by AI tools and how such tools could help the business processes of small firms. Its objective is to provide lawyers with some background to understand what they can and cannot realistically expect from these products. This guide aims to give a reference point for small law practices in the EU
against which they can evaluate those classes of AI applications that are probably the most relevant for them.
V.-SENTHIL-BALAJI-SLP-C-8939-8940-2023-SC-Judgment-07-August-2023.pdf
सुप्रीम कोर्ट ने यह भी माना था कि मजिस्ट्रेट का यह कर्तव्य है कि वह सुनिश्चित करे कि अधिकारी पीएमएलए के तहत निर्धारित प्रक्रिया के साथ-साथ संवैधानिक सुरक्षा उपायों का भी उचित रूप से पालन करें।
Synopsis On Annual General Meeting/Extra Ordinary General Meeting With Ordina...
Synopsis On Annual General Meeting/Extra Ordinary General Meeting With Ordina...Syed Muhammad Humza Hussain
Synopsis On Annual General Meeting/Extra Ordinary General Meeting With Ordinary And Special Businesses And Ordinary And Special Resolutions with Companies (Postal Ballot) Regulations, 2018Energizing Communities, Fostering Growth, Sustaining Futures
USDA grants bolster rural communities, driving growth, sustainability, and prosperity through strategic development initiatives and financial support.
Genocide in International Criminal Law.pptx
Excited to share insights from my recent presentation on genocide! 💡 In light of ongoing debates, it's crucial to delve into the nuances of this grave crime.
Incometax Compliance_PF_ ESI- June 2024
This document briefly explains the June compliance calendar 2024 with income tax returns, PF, ESI, and important due dates, forms to be filled out, periods, and who should file them?.
Recently uploaded (20)
Patenting_Innovations_in_3D_Printing_Prosthetics.pptx
Patenting_Innovations_in_3D_Printing_Prosthetics.pptx
Sangyun Lee, 'Why Korea's Merger Control Occasionally Fails: A Public Choice ...
Sangyun Lee, 'Why Korea's Merger Control Occasionally Fails: A Public Choice ...
fnaf lore.pptx ...................................
fnaf lore.pptx ...................................
XYZ-v.-state-of-Maharashtra-Bombay-HC-Writ-Petition-6340-2023.pdf
XYZ-v.-state-of-Maharashtra-Bombay-HC-Writ-Petition-6340-2023.pdf
Lifting the Corporate Veil. Power Point Presentation
Lifting the Corporate Veil. Power Point Presentation
From Promise to Practice. Implementing AI in Legal Environments
From Promise to Practice. Implementing AI in Legal Environments
Presentation (1).pptx Human rights of LGBTQ people in India, constitutional a...
Presentation (1).pptx Human rights of LGBTQ people in India, constitutional a...
What are the common challenges faced by women lawyers working in the legal pr...
What are the common challenges faced by women lawyers working in the legal pr...
Matthew Professional CV experienced Government Liaison
Matthew Professional CV experienced Government Liaison
The Work Permit for Self-Employed Persons in Italy
The Work Permit for Self-Employed Persons in Italy
Guide on the use of Artificial Intelligence-based tools by lawyers and law fi...
Guide on the use of Artificial Intelligence-based tools by lawyers and law fi...
V.-SENTHIL-BALAJI-SLP-C-8939-8940-2023-SC-Judgment-07-August-2023.pdf
V.-SENTHIL-BALAJI-SLP-C-8939-8940-2023-SC-Judgment-07-August-2023.pdf
Synopsis On Annual General Meeting/Extra Ordinary General Meeting With Ordina...
Synopsis On Annual General Meeting/Extra Ordinary General Meeting With Ordina...
Energizing Communities, Fostering Growth, Sustaining Futures
Energizing Communities, Fostering Growth, Sustaining Futures
Line of Controll (LoC) by Adnan Mashokhel
- 2. Line of Control (LoC)By Adnan Khan Mashokhel MSc Final Geography UOP 00923005050224
- 3. Line of Control (LoC) • The term Line of Control (LoC) refers to the military control line between the Pakistan- and Indian-controlled parts of the former princely state of Kashmir and Jammu. • Does not constitute a legally recognized international boundary but is de facto border. • In 1949 it was "Cease-fire Line“ Then it was redesignated as the "Line of Control" following the Simla Agreement which was signed on 3 July 1972.
- 4. Geography Length : 740 km (460 mi) long. Location : I. Relative Location : From Siachen in North to Lala Musa . Its northernmost point is known as the NJ9842. II. Absolute location : 34.9333° N, 76.7667° E
- 6. LoC in ----- Line