This document provides information on medical entomology, specifically lice and fleas. It discusses the classification, biology, morphology, life cycles, diseases transmitted, and control methods for both lice and fleas. Lice are small, wingless blood-sucking parasites that can cause pediculosis in humans. Common types include head, body, and pubic lice. Fleas are also small, wingless blood-feeding ectoparasites that can transmit plague, typhus, and other diseases to humans. Control methods discussed for both include insecticidal treatments and maintaining personal hygiene.

1. Topic – Medical
entomology
Lice & flea
Presented by:-
Veena Dhatrak

2. 1.LICE
2.FLEA

3. LICE

4. CONTENTS
 Classification
 Biology
 Types
 Morphology
 Life Cycle
 Dissemination
 Lice & Disease
 Control

6. (1)Biology
• Small , Wingless .
• Blood sucking ectoparasite of mammals
& birds.
• Prevalence low standard
hygiene.
• Lice infestation Pediculosis.

7. Types
• Head louse Pediculus capitis
• Body louse Pediculus corporis
• Pubic/Crab louse Phthirus
pubis

9. Morphology
• Body Dorso-ventrally
flattened.
• 3 parts Head
Thorax
Abdomen

11. Head
Thorax
5 jointed
antennae
Legs
Claw
7-9
segments
Abdo
men

12. Ventral surface

14. Slender
than
others
Square
body
Head
imacted
on
thorax
Powerful
legs &
claws

16. Life cycle
6 – 9 Days
10 - 15 Days

18. LIFESPAN

19. (4)Dissemination
a)Direct contact
.
Head to head
b)Indirect contact
1.

20. (5)Lice and disease

21. (6)Control of lice
a) Insecticidal control
b) Personal hygiene

22. a)Insecticidal control
 Lotion --- 0.5%
Malathion
How to use --- Apply on
head
Left for12 to 24 hours
Wash hairs

23.  Carbaryl
effective as
louse powder.

24. b) Personal hygiene
 Bath daily
 Long hair - wash
frequently

25. Clothes - wash in hot
water &
Press with hot iron.

26. FLEA

27. Contents
•Classification
•Biology
•Types
•Morphology
•Life cycle
•Habits
•Flea indices
•Flea & human disease
•Modes of transmission
•Control
•Sandflea

29. Biology
• Small , Wingless
• Blood sucking ectoparasites of
mammals & birds.
• 37 species known to occur in
India.

33. • Rat fleas vectors of plague & typhus.
• Human flea wide host range
( infests commensal rats, pigs
cats ,dogs & foxes).
• Cat & dog flea occur on other animals as
well.
• Sand flea tropical regions af Africa &
America .

34. Morphology
• Bilaterally compressed.
• Hard chitinous exoskeleton.
• Bristles backwardlly directed
• 3 parts Head
Thorax
Abdomen

35. ( conica
)
Mout
h
parts
(down
wards
)

36. MALE
Coiled
penis
FEMALE
Spermathec
a(stumpy
structure)

37. 2 – 7 Days
10 - 14
Days
7 – 14
Days

40. Habits
• Host, dwellings, ground, cracks &
crevices, carpets.
• Both sex bites & suck blood.
• Capable of jumping
• Mode of transmission
a)Host
b)transport vehicles
c)movement of goods

41. Flea indices

42. Fleas & human
disease
1. Plague ( bubonic ).
2. Endemic or murine typhus.
3. Chiggerosis.
4. Hymenolepis diminuta.

43. Mode of transmission
1) Biting – by bite of “blocked” fleas
Plague bacilli
multiply
enormously in
gut of rat flea &
block the
proventriculus
or stomouch so
that no food
pass.
Hunger flea
bites more
ferociously.

44. 2) Mechanical transmission – from
the proboscis of the flea.
3) Faeces – defecate while feeding
faecal drop contain numerous
bacilli
Host scratches
Direct inoculation of infective
agent

45. Control of fleas
• 1) Insecticidal control
• 2) Repellents
• 3) Rodent control

46. Insecticidal Control
• 10% DDT dust
• Carbaryl or diazinon ( 2%) or
malathion (5%)
• Mode of application
Spray floor and wall upto 1 ft
Patch dusting : dust over rat
rooms/gunny bags /rodent
burrows( 30 g / burrow ).

47. Animal host ( dogs & cat ) and their
premises should be treated.

48. Repellants
 Diethyl toluamide
 Benzyl benzoate

49. Rodent control

50. Sand flea(jigger
/Chigoe flea)
Tropical
region of
Africa & A
merica.
Western part
of India
Also known
as Tunga
penetrans

52. THANK YOU