The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jointly hosted the International Conference on Climate Change and Food Security (ICCCFS) November 6-8, 2011 in Beijing, China. This conference provided a forum for leading international scientists and young researchers to present their latest research findings, exchange their research ideas, and share their experiences in the field of climate change and food security. The event included technical sessions, poster sessions, and social events. The conference results and recommendations were presented at the global climate talks in Durban, South Africa during an official side event on December 1.
The agriculture sector remains central to Pakistan's economy, accounting for over 21% of GDP and employing 45% of the labor force. However, agriculture growth has been declining for decades, with productivity and yields remaining low. Critical investments in new technologies, seeds, farming techniques and water infrastructure have not been sufficient. The document discusses recent agricultural performance data and highlights shortfalls in water availability that constrain the sector's potential for growth.
This presentation was made by Dr. Ndeye Seynabou Diouf, M&E Manager-CINSERE/USAID project, at the WASCAL Science Symposium, 19-21 June 2018, Tang Palace Hotel, Accra, Ghana
1. Indonesia strengthened its national food security strategy in response to the 2007-2008 food-fuel-financial crises by increasing safety net programs, stabilizing food prices, and accelerating food crop production.
2. The strategy aims to enhance food availability based on local resources, improve access to food, and increase the quantity and quality of food consumption. Targets include achieving sufficient energy and protein consumption levels and reducing poverty.
3. A sustainable long-term strategy emphasizes income security, agricultural diversification, infrastructure investment, research and development, and strengthening farmers' institutions.
1) Gender-targeted agricultural extension services are associated with higher agricultural income, crop income, value of production, and labor and land productivity compared to households that did not receive extension services.
2) When extension services target both women and men, agricultural performance indicators are consistently higher than when only men or only women are targeted.
3) The econometric analysis finds extension services have a beneficial effect on agricultural income and profitability, especially when both sexes are involved in management and targeting. However, areas with higher long-term rainfall and temperatures see lower agricultural performance. Flood and heat shocks also negatively impact agricultural outcomes, while drought shocks have a positive effect.
1) India experienced record foodgrain production in 2008-09 due to good monsoons and farmer efforts, though production declined in 2009-10 due to deficient monsoons.
2) Agriculture and allied sectors make up 15.7% of India's GDP and provide over 50% of employment, though agriculture's share of GDP has been declining.
3) Public investment in agriculture declined from the 6th Plan to the 9th Plan but increased in the 10th Plan, while private investment in agriculture has been growing.
This document summarizes global barley trade over the past decade, noting that:
1) The EU once dominated international barley markets, especially in North Africa and the Middle East, but global trade dynamics have changed dramatically with increased competition from countries like Russia and Ukraine.
2) EU policies have reduced market support prices and de-emphasized export subsidies, while regulations will soon eliminate intervention support for barley, potentially causing acreage shifts away from barley.
3) Exports have been redistributed over the past decade, with the EU share declining from around 10 MMT to 1.5 MMT while exports from countries like Russia and Ukraine have increased.
This document summarizes public policy research on agricultural investments and poverty reduction in less developed states in India. The key findings are:
1) Public investments in irrigation, agriculture R&D, education, and roads have contributed to higher agricultural productivity and wages, and lower poverty in less developed states, though disparities remain across states.
2) Expenditures on irrigation, agriculture, education, and health have increased substantially in less developed states from 1981-2014, but remain lower than in more developed states.
3) Input subsidies have also increased agricultural productivity and incomes, especially in less developed states, but show large variations across states.
This document contains tables summarizing Pakistan's economic growth and investment by sector from 2005-2006 to 2012-2013. It shows:
- Agriculture, industry, and services are the main sectors of the economy. Agriculture and industry have grown moderately while services have grown steadily at around 5-6% annually.
- Within agriculture, livestock and important crops like wheat have grown steadily while cotton ginning and forestry have been more volatile.
- The industrial sector is led by manufacturing and construction. Mining and electricity generation have experienced both growth and declines.
- The services sector is dominated by trade, transport, and government services. Finance and housing have also contributed significantly to growth.
- Overall GDP
The agriculture sector remains central to Pakistan's economy, accounting for over 21% of GDP and employing 45% of the labor force. However, agriculture growth has been declining for decades, with productivity and yields remaining low. Critical investments in new technologies, seeds, farming techniques and water infrastructure have not been sufficient. The document discusses recent agricultural performance data and highlights shortfalls in water availability that constrain the sector's potential for growth.
This presentation was made by Dr. Ndeye Seynabou Diouf, M&E Manager-CINSERE/USAID project, at the WASCAL Science Symposium, 19-21 June 2018, Tang Palace Hotel, Accra, Ghana
1. Indonesia strengthened its national food security strategy in response to the 2007-2008 food-fuel-financial crises by increasing safety net programs, stabilizing food prices, and accelerating food crop production.
2. The strategy aims to enhance food availability based on local resources, improve access to food, and increase the quantity and quality of food consumption. Targets include achieving sufficient energy and protein consumption levels and reducing poverty.
3. A sustainable long-term strategy emphasizes income security, agricultural diversification, infrastructure investment, research and development, and strengthening farmers' institutions.
1) Gender-targeted agricultural extension services are associated with higher agricultural income, crop income, value of production, and labor and land productivity compared to households that did not receive extension services.
2) When extension services target both women and men, agricultural performance indicators are consistently higher than when only men or only women are targeted.
3) The econometric analysis finds extension services have a beneficial effect on agricultural income and profitability, especially when both sexes are involved in management and targeting. However, areas with higher long-term rainfall and temperatures see lower agricultural performance. Flood and heat shocks also negatively impact agricultural outcomes, while drought shocks have a positive effect.
1) India experienced record foodgrain production in 2008-09 due to good monsoons and farmer efforts, though production declined in 2009-10 due to deficient monsoons.
2) Agriculture and allied sectors make up 15.7% of India's GDP and provide over 50% of employment, though agriculture's share of GDP has been declining.
3) Public investment in agriculture declined from the 6th Plan to the 9th Plan but increased in the 10th Plan, while private investment in agriculture has been growing.
This document summarizes global barley trade over the past decade, noting that:
1) The EU once dominated international barley markets, especially in North Africa and the Middle East, but global trade dynamics have changed dramatically with increased competition from countries like Russia and Ukraine.
2) EU policies have reduced market support prices and de-emphasized export subsidies, while regulations will soon eliminate intervention support for barley, potentially causing acreage shifts away from barley.
3) Exports have been redistributed over the past decade, with the EU share declining from around 10 MMT to 1.5 MMT while exports from countries like Russia and Ukraine have increased.
This document summarizes public policy research on agricultural investments and poverty reduction in less developed states in India. The key findings are:
1) Public investments in irrigation, agriculture R&D, education, and roads have contributed to higher agricultural productivity and wages, and lower poverty in less developed states, though disparities remain across states.
2) Expenditures on irrigation, agriculture, education, and health have increased substantially in less developed states from 1981-2014, but remain lower than in more developed states.
3) Input subsidies have also increased agricultural productivity and incomes, especially in less developed states, but show large variations across states.
This document contains tables summarizing Pakistan's economic growth and investment by sector from 2005-2006 to 2012-2013. It shows:
- Agriculture, industry, and services are the main sectors of the economy. Agriculture and industry have grown moderately while services have grown steadily at around 5-6% annually.
- Within agriculture, livestock and important crops like wheat have grown steadily while cotton ginning and forestry have been more volatile.
- The industrial sector is led by manufacturing and construction. Mining and electricity generation have experienced both growth and declines.
- The services sector is dominated by trade, transport, and government services. Finance and housing have also contributed significantly to growth.
- Overall GDP
Trends in wheat production and consumption in SudanCIMMYT
Presentation by Dr. Mohamed B. Elgali (University of Gezira, Sudan) at Wheat for Food Security in Africa conference, Oct 9, 2012, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- Agriculture is the second largest sector in Pakistan's economy, accounting for over 21% of GDP and employing 45% of the labor force. Nearly 62% of Pakistan's population lives in rural areas and depends on agriculture.
- While agriculture is critical to growth, exports, incomes, and food security, the sector has been suffering from long-term decline, with productivity remaining low as major investments have not been made.
- In the past year (2009-2010), agriculture growth was estimated at 2.0%, below the target of 3.8%, mainly due to negative growth in major crops, though livestock grew by 4.1%. Water availability was also below normal levels.
This document summarizes agricultural statistics and crop production trends for the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It discusses 11 agro-climatic zones in the state and notes that small and marginal farmers make up 68% of holdings but only 29% of land area. Production of crops like wheat, pulses and oilseeds has been increasing in recent years due to factors like improved seeds and government initiatives. However, productivity remains impacted by issues like erratic rainfall, lack of irrigation, and small landholdings. The document outlines several policy efforts to promote sustainable agriculture and farmer welfare in Madhya Pradesh.
This document summarizes swine and pork industry data in the Philippines from 2006-2008. Some key points:
- Total swine inventory in the Philippines was 13.7 million heads in 2008, up 1.8% from 2007. The majority (71%) were in backyard farms.
- Total pork production in 2007 was 1,886 thousand metric tons, up 2.72% from 2006. The top producing regions were Region III and CALABARZON.
- Total pork imports in 2007 were 43,936 thousand kilograms. Bellies and pork cuts made up the majority of imports.
- Pork supply and demand were forecasted for 2008 using regression models. Supply was projected to
The document discusses measures being taken by the Ministry of National Food Security and Research to address the issue of massive pink bollworm attacks on cotton in Pakistan. Data is presented on pink bollworm damage levels across different cotton varieties, districts, and years. Cultural control methods are recommended over pesticides, including early planting restrictions, use of certified Bt cotton seeds, proper disposal of cotton sticks, and use of sex pheromone traps. More research is needed to determine if the bollworm has developed resistance to Bt cotton. Development of new Bt cotton varieties with additional genes is also suggested.
Integrated agricultural system, migration, and social protection strategies t...ILRI
Presented by Bradford Mills (Virginia Tech), Genti Kostandini (University of Georgia), Anthony Murray (Economic Research Service, USDA), Jiangfeng Gao (Virginia Tech), Joseph Rusike (AGRA), Steven Omamo, Zhe Guo and Jawoo Koo (IFPRI) at the Livestock Systems and Environment (LSE) Seminar, ILRI, Nairobi, 28 January 2015
Gabriele DONO "Economic assessment of the impact of uncertainty associated wi...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
Climate change is projected to increase uncertainty for Mediterranean farming systems in Oristano, Italy. The analysis found that under a near future climate scenario:
(1) Total agricultural revenue and net income are projected to decline by 3.9% and 2% respectively;
(2) Irrigated farms under water user associations face revenue declines up to 4.2% while rainfed farms see smaller 1.7% declines;
(3) Adaptations like more drought tolerant crops, improved irrigation efficiency, and sustaining rainfed agriculture can help address increased climate variability and uncertainty.
The document discusses India's involvement with the World Trade Organization and provides economic and social indicators for India from 1950-2009. It summarizes India's growing imports and exports over time. The document also analyzes articles related to India granting Most Favored Nation status to Pakistan and the implications of increased trade between the two countries. Key concerns discussed include India's dominant economic position in South Asia and the vulnerability of some Pakistani industries to cheaper Indian imports. The document concludes by noting India's interest in access to trade routes through Pakistan to Afghanistan and Central Asia.
This document provides key figures for the largest tyre companies in 2011, 2010, and 2009, including turnover, operating profit/EBITDA, and annual net income in both euro and local currencies. It lists the top 20 companies, providing percentages for year-over-year turnover changes. Footnotes explain details about financial reporting periods and currency conversions.
This document provides information on oil product prices in Korea, including:
1. An overview of oil price systems and liberalization trends in Korea.
2. Average annual prices of major oil products from 1964-1996. Prices of gasoline, kerosene, and diesel increased sharply in the 1970s due to oil crises and price fluctuations have continued since then.
3. Monthly average prices of major oil products from 2008-2009, which decreased in early 2008 before rising again.
The document contains detailed tables and historical data on oil product prices in Korea over several decades.
The document contains information about population projections, India's geography and climate, agriculture production and consumption trends in India. Some key points:
1. China and India will be the most populous countries in 2050, with China's population projected to be 1.69 billion and India's 1.31 billion.
2. India has varied climate zones, over 17 major languages, and elevation ranges from sea level to over 8,500 meters.
3. Food grain production in India has increased over 4 times from the 1950s, while horticulture crops have increased over 6 times in the same period.
Cover crops can provide economic benefits to farmers. Hairy vetch cover crops have been shown to boost no-till corn yields enough to cover establishment costs in some studies. Cover crops can reduce economic risk for farmers. The direct costs of cover crops include seed, inoculant, herbicide, and costs of establishment and termination. Indirect costs include potential negative impacts on cash crops. Matching cover crop species and varieties to objectives like grazing or nutrient scavenging is important. The economics of cover crops include both on-farm costs and benefits as well as off-farm environmental benefits.
This document provides financial results and performance metrics for OHL Brasil for 2Q12 and comparisons to 1Q12 and 2Q11. Some key highlights:
- Tolled traffic increased 2.1% in 2Q12 compared to 2Q11. Toll tariffs increased 7.8% on average.
- Adjusted EBITDA was R$303 million in 2Q12, a 4.3% increase from 2Q11. Net income increased to R$161 million in 2Q12.
- Gross revenue composition was 31% from tolls, 24% from construction, and 16% from others.
- Total costs increased 21.6% in 1H12 compared
A study on 200 germplasm lines of bread wheat to estimate genetic variability, character association between yield and yield contributing characters, their partitioning into direct and indirect effects and to study genetic divergence present amongst them.
Improved Agro techniques to Enhance Sugarcane Productivity in IndiaBasavaraj Patil
Sugarcane is the second most important commercial crop not only for sugar production, but also increasingly as a bioenergy crop due to its phenomenal dry matter production capacity. Sugarcane plays a vital role in the economic uplift of the growers and the country. Currently sugarcane productivity is stagnating in India and demand for sugarcane is increasing. To meet the domestic demand for sugar, jaggery, juice (beverage), and other diversified uses (ethanol, biomass, fibre etc.), there is a need to enhance cane productivity to around 100 tonnes per ha by the year 2030 from the present 70 tonnes per hectare.
Scope for extending sugarcane area in the country is limited. Under these circumstances, emphasis must be on increasing sugarcane productivity. Improved agro technologies such as situation-specific cultivars, newer planting techniques, site-specific and integrated nutrient management, drip irrigation, fertigation, integrated weed management, crop residue management etc. have the potential to increase yields substantially.
E2 a02 unit_i_sectoral development in india4512452
The document provides an overview of sectoral development in the Indian economy, focusing on trends in the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors from 1950-2016. Key points include:
- GDP growth has increased over time, averaging 3.5% from 1950-1990 and 6.2% from 1991-2011.
- The tertiary sector has grown as the largest contributor to GDP, rising from 50.6% in 2013-14 to 53.8% in 2016-17. The primary sector's contribution has declined from 18.6% to 17.4% over the same period.
- Agricultural production and productivity have increased over time but growth has slowed, with foodgrain production reaching 252 million
Climate change is a major threat to sustainable food security. Temperatures are rising, precipitation patterns are changing, and extreme weather events are occurring more frequently. As a result, producing enough to feed a growing population is becoming more challenging. Everyone in the agriculture sector must adapt—and quickly. Delays now will raise the costs in the future.
The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jointly hosted the International Conference on Climate Change and Food Security (ICCCFS) November 6-8, 2011 in Beijing, China. This conference provided a forum for leading international scientists and young researchers to present their latest research findings, exchange their research ideas, and share their experiences in the field of climate change and food security. The event included technical sessions, poster sessions, and social events. The conference results and recommendations were presented at the global climate talks in Durban, South Africa during an official side event on December 1.
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Similar to Li Yun — What does climate change mean to food consumption of low income group in rural china
Trends in wheat production and consumption in SudanCIMMYT
Presentation by Dr. Mohamed B. Elgali (University of Gezira, Sudan) at Wheat for Food Security in Africa conference, Oct 9, 2012, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- Agriculture is the second largest sector in Pakistan's economy, accounting for over 21% of GDP and employing 45% of the labor force. Nearly 62% of Pakistan's population lives in rural areas and depends on agriculture.
- While agriculture is critical to growth, exports, incomes, and food security, the sector has been suffering from long-term decline, with productivity remaining low as major investments have not been made.
- In the past year (2009-2010), agriculture growth was estimated at 2.0%, below the target of 3.8%, mainly due to negative growth in major crops, though livestock grew by 4.1%. Water availability was also below normal levels.
This document summarizes agricultural statistics and crop production trends for the state of Madhya Pradesh, India. It discusses 11 agro-climatic zones in the state and notes that small and marginal farmers make up 68% of holdings but only 29% of land area. Production of crops like wheat, pulses and oilseeds has been increasing in recent years due to factors like improved seeds and government initiatives. However, productivity remains impacted by issues like erratic rainfall, lack of irrigation, and small landholdings. The document outlines several policy efforts to promote sustainable agriculture and farmer welfare in Madhya Pradesh.
This document summarizes swine and pork industry data in the Philippines from 2006-2008. Some key points:
- Total swine inventory in the Philippines was 13.7 million heads in 2008, up 1.8% from 2007. The majority (71%) were in backyard farms.
- Total pork production in 2007 was 1,886 thousand metric tons, up 2.72% from 2006. The top producing regions were Region III and CALABARZON.
- Total pork imports in 2007 were 43,936 thousand kilograms. Bellies and pork cuts made up the majority of imports.
- Pork supply and demand were forecasted for 2008 using regression models. Supply was projected to
The document discusses measures being taken by the Ministry of National Food Security and Research to address the issue of massive pink bollworm attacks on cotton in Pakistan. Data is presented on pink bollworm damage levels across different cotton varieties, districts, and years. Cultural control methods are recommended over pesticides, including early planting restrictions, use of certified Bt cotton seeds, proper disposal of cotton sticks, and use of sex pheromone traps. More research is needed to determine if the bollworm has developed resistance to Bt cotton. Development of new Bt cotton varieties with additional genes is also suggested.
Integrated agricultural system, migration, and social protection strategies t...ILRI
Presented by Bradford Mills (Virginia Tech), Genti Kostandini (University of Georgia), Anthony Murray (Economic Research Service, USDA), Jiangfeng Gao (Virginia Tech), Joseph Rusike (AGRA), Steven Omamo, Zhe Guo and Jawoo Koo (IFPRI) at the Livestock Systems and Environment (LSE) Seminar, ILRI, Nairobi, 28 January 2015
Gabriele DONO "Economic assessment of the impact of uncertainty associated wi...Global Risk Forum GRFDavos
Climate change is projected to increase uncertainty for Mediterranean farming systems in Oristano, Italy. The analysis found that under a near future climate scenario:
(1) Total agricultural revenue and net income are projected to decline by 3.9% and 2% respectively;
(2) Irrigated farms under water user associations face revenue declines up to 4.2% while rainfed farms see smaller 1.7% declines;
(3) Adaptations like more drought tolerant crops, improved irrigation efficiency, and sustaining rainfed agriculture can help address increased climate variability and uncertainty.
The document discusses India's involvement with the World Trade Organization and provides economic and social indicators for India from 1950-2009. It summarizes India's growing imports and exports over time. The document also analyzes articles related to India granting Most Favored Nation status to Pakistan and the implications of increased trade between the two countries. Key concerns discussed include India's dominant economic position in South Asia and the vulnerability of some Pakistani industries to cheaper Indian imports. The document concludes by noting India's interest in access to trade routes through Pakistan to Afghanistan and Central Asia.
This document provides key figures for the largest tyre companies in 2011, 2010, and 2009, including turnover, operating profit/EBITDA, and annual net income in both euro and local currencies. It lists the top 20 companies, providing percentages for year-over-year turnover changes. Footnotes explain details about financial reporting periods and currency conversions.
This document provides information on oil product prices in Korea, including:
1. An overview of oil price systems and liberalization trends in Korea.
2. Average annual prices of major oil products from 1964-1996. Prices of gasoline, kerosene, and diesel increased sharply in the 1970s due to oil crises and price fluctuations have continued since then.
3. Monthly average prices of major oil products from 2008-2009, which decreased in early 2008 before rising again.
The document contains detailed tables and historical data on oil product prices in Korea over several decades.
The document contains information about population projections, India's geography and climate, agriculture production and consumption trends in India. Some key points:
1. China and India will be the most populous countries in 2050, with China's population projected to be 1.69 billion and India's 1.31 billion.
2. India has varied climate zones, over 17 major languages, and elevation ranges from sea level to over 8,500 meters.
3. Food grain production in India has increased over 4 times from the 1950s, while horticulture crops have increased over 6 times in the same period.
Cover crops can provide economic benefits to farmers. Hairy vetch cover crops have been shown to boost no-till corn yields enough to cover establishment costs in some studies. Cover crops can reduce economic risk for farmers. The direct costs of cover crops include seed, inoculant, herbicide, and costs of establishment and termination. Indirect costs include potential negative impacts on cash crops. Matching cover crop species and varieties to objectives like grazing or nutrient scavenging is important. The economics of cover crops include both on-farm costs and benefits as well as off-farm environmental benefits.
This document provides financial results and performance metrics for OHL Brasil for 2Q12 and comparisons to 1Q12 and 2Q11. Some key highlights:
- Tolled traffic increased 2.1% in 2Q12 compared to 2Q11. Toll tariffs increased 7.8% on average.
- Adjusted EBITDA was R$303 million in 2Q12, a 4.3% increase from 2Q11. Net income increased to R$161 million in 2Q12.
- Gross revenue composition was 31% from tolls, 24% from construction, and 16% from others.
- Total costs increased 21.6% in 1H12 compared
A study on 200 germplasm lines of bread wheat to estimate genetic variability, character association between yield and yield contributing characters, their partitioning into direct and indirect effects and to study genetic divergence present amongst them.
Improved Agro techniques to Enhance Sugarcane Productivity in IndiaBasavaraj Patil
Sugarcane is the second most important commercial crop not only for sugar production, but also increasingly as a bioenergy crop due to its phenomenal dry matter production capacity. Sugarcane plays a vital role in the economic uplift of the growers and the country. Currently sugarcane productivity is stagnating in India and demand for sugarcane is increasing. To meet the domestic demand for sugar, jaggery, juice (beverage), and other diversified uses (ethanol, biomass, fibre etc.), there is a need to enhance cane productivity to around 100 tonnes per ha by the year 2030 from the present 70 tonnes per hectare.
Scope for extending sugarcane area in the country is limited. Under these circumstances, emphasis must be on increasing sugarcane productivity. Improved agro technologies such as situation-specific cultivars, newer planting techniques, site-specific and integrated nutrient management, drip irrigation, fertigation, integrated weed management, crop residue management etc. have the potential to increase yields substantially.
E2 a02 unit_i_sectoral development in india4512452
The document provides an overview of sectoral development in the Indian economy, focusing on trends in the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors from 1950-2016. Key points include:
- GDP growth has increased over time, averaging 3.5% from 1950-1990 and 6.2% from 1991-2011.
- The tertiary sector has grown as the largest contributor to GDP, rising from 50.6% in 2013-14 to 53.8% in 2016-17. The primary sector's contribution has declined from 18.6% to 17.4% over the same period.
- Agricultural production and productivity have increased over time but growth has slowed, with foodgrain production reaching 252 million
Climate change is a major threat to sustainable food security. Temperatures are rising, precipitation patterns are changing, and extreme weather events are occurring more frequently. As a result, producing enough to feed a growing population is becoming more challenging. Everyone in the agriculture sector must adapt—and quickly. Delays now will raise the costs in the future.
The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jointly hosted the International Conference on Climate Change and Food Security (ICCCFS) November 6-8, 2011 in Beijing, China. This conference provided a forum for leading international scientists and young researchers to present their latest research findings, exchange their research ideas, and share their experiences in the field of climate change and food security. The event included technical sessions, poster sessions, and social events. The conference results and recommendations were presented at the global climate talks in Durban, South Africa during an official side event on December 1.
This document discusses plant tolerance to climate change and abiotic stresses like drought and soil salinity. It notes that climate change caused by human activities is causing more extreme weather events like droughts that threaten global agriculture and food security. Plants have developed tolerance mechanisms to cope with stresses, but their sedentary nature makes adaptation difficult. The document reviews research on stress response pathways and genes that confer tolerance to drought and salt when overexpressed. It argues that improving stress tolerance in crops through transgenic and molecular breeding approaches will be crucial to ensuring food security in a changing climate.
The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jointly hosted the International Conference on Climate Change and Food Security (ICCCFS) November 6-8, 2011 in Beijing, China. This conference provided a forum for leading international scientists and young researchers to present their latest research findings, exchange their research ideas, and share their experiences in the field of climate change and food security. The event included technical sessions, poster sessions, and social events. The conference results and recommendations were presented at the global climate talks in Durban, South Africa during an official side event on December 1.
The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jointly hosted the International Conference on Climate Change and Food Security (ICCCFS) November 6-8, 2011 in Beijing, China. This conference provided a forum for leading international scientists and young researchers to present their latest research findings, exchange their research ideas, and share their experiences in the field of climate change and food security. The event included technical sessions, poster sessions, and social events. The conference results and recommendations were presented at the global climate talks in Durban, South Africa during an official side event on December 1.
The document summarizes the Adapting to Climate Change in China (ACCC) project which aims to improve food security in China by linking climate adaptation and agriculture. The project uses an interdisciplinary approach across physical, biological and socioeconomic factors. It identifies vulnerabilities and risks of climate change to agriculture, water resources, and socioeconomics in three Chinese regions. Stakeholders then prioritize adaptation options. The results inform China's national and provincial climate adaptation strategies and policies.
The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jointly hosted the International Conference on Climate Change and Food Security (ICCCFS) November 6-8, 2011 in Beijing, China. This conference provided a forum for leading international scientists and young researchers to present their latest research findings, exchange their research ideas, and share their experiences in the field of climate change and food security. The event included technical sessions, poster sessions, and social events. The conference results and recommendations were presented at the global climate talks in Durban, South Africa during an official side event on December 1.
The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jointly hosted the International Conference on Climate Change and Food Security (ICCCFS) November 6-8, 2011 in Beijing, China. This conference provided a forum for leading international scientists and young researchers to present their latest research findings, exchange their research ideas, and share their experiences in the field of climate change and food security. The event included technical sessions, poster sessions, and social events. The conference results and recommendations were presented at the global climate talks in Durban, South Africa during an official side event on December 1.
The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jointly hosted the International Conference on Climate Change and Food Security (ICCCFS) November 6-8, 2011 in Beijing, China. This conference provided a forum for leading international scientists and young researchers to present their latest research findings, exchange their research ideas, and share their experiences in the field of climate change and food security. The event included technical sessions, poster sessions, and social events. The conference results and recommendations were presented at the global climate talks in Durban, South Africa during an official side event on December 1.
The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jointly hosted the International Conference on Climate Change and Food Security (ICCCFS) November 6-8, 2011 in Beijing, China. This conference provided a forum for leading international scientists and young researchers to present their latest research findings, exchange their research ideas, and share their experiences in the field of climate change and food security. The event included technical sessions, poster sessions, and social events. The conference results and recommendations were presented at the global climate talks in Durban, South Africa during an official side event on December 1.
The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jointly hosted the International Conference on Climate Change and Food Security (ICCCFS) November 6-8, 2011 in Beijing, China. This conference provided a forum for leading international scientists and young researchers to present their latest research findings, exchange their research ideas, and share their experiences in the field of climate change and food security. The event included technical sessions, poster sessions, and social events. The conference results and recommendations were presented at the global climate talks in Durban, South Africa during an official side event on December 1.
This document discusses the impacts of climate change and extreme weather on grasslands and husbandry in China. It finds that temperatures have significantly increased in Inner Mongolia over the last 50 years. Future projections show temperatures continuing to rise. Climate change and extreme events like droughts and snowstorms negatively impact grass biomass and feed supply, degrading grassland ecosystems. Adaptation strategies discussed include ecological restoration projects, rotational grazing, forage production, and adjusting livestock breeds to increase resilience.
The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jointly hosted the International Conference on Climate Change and Food Security (ICCCFS) November 6-8, 2011 in Beijing, China. This conference provided a forum for leading international scientists and young researchers to present their latest research findings, exchange their research ideas, and share their experiences in the field of climate change and food security. The event included technical sessions, poster sessions, and social events. The conference results and recommendations were presented at the global climate talks in Durban, South Africa during an official side event on December 1.
Climate change is projected to shift the northern limits of cropping systems and increase crop yields in China. The analysis found the northern limits of two-cropping and three-cropping systems moved significantly northward between 1981-2007 compared to 1951-1980. This expansion increased spring maize and winter wheat yields by 54-106% and 27-58% respectively in several northern provinces. The limits of high-yield cropping areas also shifted north, increasing potential yields of winter wheat and the winter wheat-summer maize system by 1697-9002 kg/hm2 in Liaoning, Shanxi and Hebei.
This document summarizes a study on the simulated effects of climate change on food security in China by 2050. It describes China's current cropland and population situation and challenges to food security. It then outlines the research settings, including crop modeling, yield simulations, and cropping area analysis. The results suggest that climate change will decrease wheat and rice yield growth rates spatially and temporally. Food self-sufficiency projections under different climate scenarios indicate self-sufficiency may only increase as population decreases. The conclusions call for accounting of climate change's nonlinear effects and proper scale in decision-making.
The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jointly hosted the International Conference on Climate Change and Food Security (ICCCFS) November 6-8, 2011 in Beijing, China. This conference provided a forum for leading international scientists and young researchers to present their latest research findings, exchange their research ideas, and share their experiences in the field of climate change and food security. The event included technical sessions, poster sessions, and social events. The conference results and recommendations were presented at the global climate talks in Durban, South Africa during an official side event on December 1.
The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jointly hosted the International Conference on Climate Change and Food Security (ICCCFS) November 6-8, 2011 in Beijing, China. This conference provided a forum for leading international scientists and young researchers to present their latest research findings, exchange their research ideas, and share their experiences in the field of climate change and food security. The event included technical sessions, poster sessions, and social events. The conference results and recommendations were presented at the global climate talks in Durban, South Africa during an official side event on December 1.
The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jointly hosted the International Conference on Climate Change and Food Security (ICCCFS) November 6-8, 2011 in Beijing, China. This conference provided a forum for leading international scientists and young researchers to present their latest research findings, exchange their research ideas, and share their experiences in the field of climate change and food security. The event included technical sessions, poster sessions, and social events. The conference results and recommendations were presented at the global climate talks in Durban, South Africa during an official side event on December 1.
The Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI) jointly hosted the International Conference on Climate Change and Food Security (ICCCFS) November 6-8, 2011 in Beijing, China. This conference provided a forum for leading international scientists and young researchers to present their latest research findings, exchange their research ideas, and share their experiences in the field of climate change and food security. The event included technical sessions, poster sessions, and social events. The conference results and recommendations were presented at the global climate talks in Durban, South Africa during an official side event on December 1.
This document discusses the impacts of climate change on Indonesian agriculture and food security. It provides context on Indonesia's development and agriculture sector, then analyzes how climate change may negatively affect agricultural production and food availability based on climate modeling scenarios. The document outlines Indonesia's national policies around climate change mitigation and adaptation for the agriculture sector. These include mainstreaming climate change into development planning, establishing a climate change roadmap, and sectoral plans to reduce emissions and increase resilience of food production.
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1. 1
WHAT DOES CLIMATE CHANGE MEAN TO
FOOD CONSUMPTION OF LOW-INCOME
GROUP IN RURAL CHINA?
LI Yun,Institute of Agricultural Economics and
Development,CAAS;
YU Wen,Agricultural Information Centre, CAAS
3. 3
Motive
• Climate change: a global issue.
• climate warming: Many studies find evidence indicating that
climate changing in general will benefit crop yield increase
annually (Zhao et al., 2010;Li et al.,2010; Yang et al.,2010;
Wang et al., 2011).
• climate warming will make the north boundaries of food crops move
toward northwest and southeast direction; suitable acreage of some
crops expands;
• the yield of rain-fed wheat in most regions of China will increase, as
suggested by Sun et al. (2005).
• Climate change also means the increase of extreme climate
including rainstorm, hail, frost, and drought etc.
• Wu et al. (2008) finds that drought among various plagues was the
chief disaster that severely affected major grain production in
northwest China.
• Li et al. (2008) show that the decline of rice meteorological yield was
caused by the cold wet weather in spring and summer drought.
4. 4
Motive
• Climate change: Household income? Food consumption?
• Quite a few studies investigate the income effect on
household consumption.
• Almost all studies suggest that price and income elasticity for
individual food and food collection for China is in general relatively
lower(Li et al., 2010; Cheng et al., 2009;Liu et al, 2009; Li et al,
2005).
• However, less research links food consumption at
household level with climate change.
• This paper aims to fill in gap in this field.
5. 5
Data
• 10 western provinces are studied. They are Inner Mongolia, Guangxi,
Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, and
Xinjiang.
1. Total sown area of farm crops:47.85 million hectares in 2009, 30% of the
national total.
2. 47.21 million hectares farm lands were hit by disasters in 2009 all over
China, of which 31% were in these 10 western provinces.
3. Rural population:206.44 million in 2009, 28.9% of China’s rural population.
4. Lower income: Per capita net income of rural households in each of the 10
provinces is far below nation average level in 2009. The average of per
capita net income of rural households of the ten provinces is around 70% of
national average.
• China Statistics Yearbook and Agriculture Statistics Yearbook;2000-
2009.
• Including farm household income, agricultural income, cultivated area,
disaster-covered area, disaster-afflicted area, price index of crop
products, and growth rate of rural population.
6. 6
Model and Estimation
Per capita Net Income Net Agricultural Income
Year
(a) (b) (b)/(a)
Mean Std.Dev.Coef. Mean Std.Dev.Coef.
2000 1701.34 0.14 872.80 0.45 51.3%
2001 1753.08 0.15 890.40 0.39 50.8%
2002 1861.07 0.17 901.29 0.44 48.4%
2003 1961.98 0.16 932.57 0.46 47.5%
2004 2107.04 0.17 996.28 0.43 47.3%
2005 2272.57 0.18 1084.59 0.44 47.7%
2006 2439.85 0.18 1101.55 0.46 45.1%
2007 2690.22 0.20 1189.80 0.48 44.2%
2008 2900.11 0.20 1214.42 0.50 41.9%
2009 3140.61 0.19 1284.76 0.49 40.9%
8. 8
Climate change
• w1:About 34.5% of the cultivated farm land are actually
covered by different kinds of disasters annually in 2000s.
• w2: About 19.7% of the cultivated farm land are actually
afflicted by different kinds of disasters annually in 2000s.
45
40
35
30 w1, 31.2
(%)
25
20
15 w2, 14.2
10
5
0
11. 11
Results summary of equ.2
• The results show that disasters induced by adverse
climate do invade net agricultural income.
• The increase of price index of agricultural products has a
statistically significant impact on per capita net agri.
income in Guangxi, Guizhou, Shaanx, Gansu, and
Xinjiang.
• the increase of rural population facilitate the increase of
agriculture income.
• Time trend factors including technology and infrastructure
progress contribute to the increase of agricultural income.
• trend factors contribute to the increase of net agri. income by
1.1~1.46% annually.
15. 15
Results
1. the impact of climate change on food consumption
• Climate change has statistically significant and negative impact on rice
and vegetable consumption of rural residents. However, climate
change has significant and positive impact on pork and lamb
consumption.
2. the impact of substitute products on food
consumption
• results show that rice and wheat, as staple food in western
China, act evidently good substitute to each other. Eggs are
strong substitute for pork. There is no evidence to show that pork
acts a substitute for edible oil and the result is statistically
insignificant.
3. The result suggests that the increase of producer
price of agricultural products actually increase rural
residents’ consumption of vegetables, pork, eggs,
and aquatic products, and do not affect staple food
consumption including rice and wheat.
16. 16
Results
4. the impact of population growth and time trend on
food consumption
• the consumption of vegetables, edible oil, beef and lamb
increases as rural population grows, but the consumption
of pork and poultry meat declines.
• rural residents’ consumption preference to vegetables and
eggs goes up over time.
5. price elasticity and food consumption
• Results indicate that the consumption of rice, vegetables,
beef, and eggs is price elastic. Increase of price of these
items will significantly reduce their consumption.
17. 17
Conclusions and Implication
1. The impact of climate change on agricultural income varies
among different regions. Six out of ten provinces are
affected adversely and significantly. This might suggest
adaptation capability in these provinces particularly need
to be strengthened to tackle with adverse climate change.
2. The impact of climate change on food consumption differs
in accord with food varieties. Adverse climate change has
negative impact on the consumption of rice, vegetables
and poultry. However, climate change helps to increase
meat consumption including pork and lamb.
3. Rural population growth is an important factor affecting
household income. Per capita agricultural income increases
with the increase of rural population growth. One possible
explanation is that agricultural labor is deficient in many rural
regions as most prime rural labors migrate to the urban.
18. 18
Conclusions and Implication
4. Rural residents’ consumption of vegetables and eggs
increases over time, which indicates an improvement in
food nutrition balance. However, rural residents’
consumption of certain food items including vegetables,
beef, and eggs are quite elastic to price change.
5. Time trend variable including technological progress
factors plays a positive role in agricultural income
growth. However, the coefficient is relatively low.