Levi strauss
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Levi-Strauss developed the binary opposition theory which states that all narratives can be broken down into opposing pairs such as good vs evil, strong vs weak. He believed meaning is constructed through these binary opposites. Binary opposition analysis examines the opposing forces in a text and how they reinforce each other and create meaning. Strauss realized that words act as symbols representing societal ideas and meanings come from relationships between opposing concepts rather than fixed definitions.
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Claude Levi Strauss
Claude Levi-Strauss argued that narratives can be reduced to binary oppositions such as good vs evil, white vs black, and strong vs weak. He introduced the concept of binary oppositions as a useful way to understand how meaning is constructed in narratives. Levi-Strauss believed that meaning depends on these opposing concepts, and that words derive meaning only from their relationship to other opposing ideas.
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Claude Levi Strauss studied myths and found that humans make sense of the world through binary opposites. He discovered that narratives are structured around the conflict between opposing concepts like good vs evil. Along with Roland Barthes, he theorized that words derive their meaning not from their own definitions, but from their relationship with their opposing concepts.
Claude levi strauss
Claude Levi-Strauss was a French anthropologist who developed the theory of binary oppositions. He believed that the meaning we derive from words depends not on their literal definition but on their relationship with their opposite. Binary oppositions structure how we understand concepts through paired ideas like good vs evil, light vs dark, past vs future. The document provides examples of how binary oppositions are used in film trailers to set up conflicts between protagonists and antagonists, characters with contrasting personalities, and themes of love vs war or humans vs zombies.
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Claude Lévi Strauss - Media Theorist
Claude Lévi-Strauss was a French anthropologist and ethnologist who introduced the theory of binary oppositions. He suggested that narratives are driven by conflicts between theoretical opposites such as good vs evil, male vs female, and dark vs light. This theory of structuralism analyzes how opposing concepts define each other and is important for assessing groups of texts and genres. Lévi-Strauss believed examining myths revealed juxtaposed binary opposites that operate unconsciously in people's minds.
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The document discusses several theorists and their contributions to understanding narrative structure:
Vladimir Propp analyzed Russian folk tales and identified common "narrative functions" and character archetypes. Tzvetan Todorov suggested stories follow a pattern of equilibrium, disruption by an outside force, and a return to equilibrium. Roland Barthes proposed five codes that can be seen in any narrative: the hermeneutic code, enigma code, symbolic code, cultural code, and semantic code. Claude Levis-Strauss studied myths and noticed they unconsciously reflected cultural values through "binary oppositions."
Narative throry
The document discusses several theorists and their contributions to understanding narrative structure:
Vladimir Propp analyzed Russian folk tales and identified common "narrative functions" and character archetypes. Tzvetan Todorov suggested stories follow a pattern of equilibrium, disruption by an outside force, and a return to equilibrium. Roland Barthes proposed five codes that can be seen in any narrative: the hermeneutic code, enigma code, symbolic code, cultural code, and semantic code. Claude Levis-Strauss studied myths and noticed they unconsciously reflected cultural values through "binary oppositions."
Narrative theories
This document discusses several narrative theories including Barthes' concept of texts having multiple meanings depending on the entry point, Levi-Strauss' idea of binary oppositions revealing structure, Todorov's concept of equilibrium being disrupted and restored, and Propp's identification of stock characters like heroes, villains, and helpers that provide narrative functions in folk tales.
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Claude Levi Strauss
Claude Levi-Strauss argued that narratives can be reduced to binary oppositions such as good vs evil, white vs black, and strong vs weak. He introduced the concept of binary oppositions as a useful way to understand how meaning is constructed in narratives. Levi-Strauss believed that meaning depends on these opposing concepts, and that words derive meaning only from their relationship to other opposing ideas.
Claude-Levi Strauss
Claude Levi Strauss studied myths and found that humans make sense of the world through binary opposites. He discovered that narratives are structured around the conflict between opposing concepts like good vs evil. Along with Roland Barthes, he theorized that words derive their meaning not from their own definitions, but from their relationship with their opposing concepts.
Claude levi strauss
Claude Levi-Strauss was a French anthropologist who developed the theory of binary oppositions. He believed that the meaning we derive from words depends not on their literal definition but on their relationship with their opposite. Binary oppositions structure how we understand concepts through paired ideas like good vs evil, light vs dark, past vs future. The document provides examples of how binary oppositions are used in film trailers to set up conflicts between protagonists and antagonists, characters with contrasting personalities, and themes of love vs war or humans vs zombies.
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The document discusses Andre Comte-Sponville's book A Short Treatise on the Great Virtues. It examines Comte-Sponville's exploration of 18 virtues including politeness, courage, generosity and love. Though sometimes repetitive, the book provides insightful analysis of each virtue. It argues virtues must be balanced, such as justice with mercy. Comte-Sponville also analyzes the three forms of love - eros, philia and agape. The document notes some philosophical inconsistencies in Comte-Sponville celebrating virtues but declaring determinism prevents their pursuit.
Claude Lévi Strauss - Media Theorist
Claude Lévi-Strauss was a French anthropologist and ethnologist who introduced the theory of binary oppositions. He suggested that narratives are driven by conflicts between theoretical opposites such as good vs evil, male vs female, and dark vs light. This theory of structuralism analyzes how opposing concepts define each other and is important for assessing groups of texts and genres. Lévi-Strauss believed examining myths revealed juxtaposed binary opposites that operate unconsciously in people's minds.
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The document discusses several theorists and their contributions to understanding narrative structure:
Vladimir Propp analyzed Russian folk tales and identified common "narrative functions" and character archetypes. Tzvetan Todorov suggested stories follow a pattern of equilibrium, disruption by an outside force, and a return to equilibrium. Roland Barthes proposed five codes that can be seen in any narrative: the hermeneutic code, enigma code, symbolic code, cultural code, and semantic code. Claude Levis-Strauss studied myths and noticed they unconsciously reflected cultural values through "binary oppositions."
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The document discusses several theorists and their contributions to understanding narrative structure:
Vladimir Propp analyzed Russian folk tales and identified common "narrative functions" and character archetypes. Tzvetan Todorov suggested stories follow a pattern of equilibrium, disruption by an outside force, and a return to equilibrium. Roland Barthes proposed five codes that can be seen in any narrative: the hermeneutic code, enigma code, symbolic code, cultural code, and semantic code. Claude Levis-Strauss studied myths and noticed they unconsciously reflected cultural values through "binary oppositions."
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This document discusses several narrative theories including Barthes' concept of texts having multiple meanings depending on the entry point, Levi-Strauss' idea of binary oppositions revealing structure, Todorov's concept of equilibrium being disrupted and restored, and Propp's identification of stock characters like heroes, villains, and helpers that provide narrative functions in folk tales.
Narrative Theories
There are four main narrative theories described in the document: 1) Vladimir Propp's theory that character roles can be classified into clearly defined types with predictable actions, 2) Levi-Strauss' theory that narrative tension stems from opposition or conflict reflecting cultural values, 3) Barthes' theory that narratives establish mysteries to gradually solve using five codes, and 4) Todorov's theory that narratives follow a pattern of equilibrium, disequilibrium caused by disruption, and a new restored equilibrium.
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Strauss's theory of binary oppositions posits that the meaning of words depends not on their inherent definition but rather on their relationship with their opposing concept. According to the theory, developed by Claude Levi-Strauss and Roland Barthes in the mid-20th century, words act as symbols for societal ideas and their meaning comes from how they differ from their binary opposite. Additionally, one side of a binary pair, such as hero/coward or masculine/feminine, is typically valued more highly within a given culture or society.
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The document discusses four main narrative theories: 1) Vladimir Propp's theory that character roles can be classified into clearly defined types with predictable actions, 2) Levi-Strauss' theory that narrative tension stems from opposition or conflict reflecting cultural values, 3) Barthes' theory that narratives establish mysteries to gradually solve through five codes, and 4) Todorov's theory that narratives follow a structure of equilibrium, disequilibrium caused by disruption, and a new restored equilibrium.
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1. Saussure sought to establish linguistics as an exact science by isolating language as its object of study and distinguishing it from speech.
2. He theorized that language exists socially and should be studied as a system of signs independent of individuals, with each sign consisting of a signifier and signified.
3. Saussure laid the groundwork for semiology, the science of signs in society, by demonstrating language can be modeled as a symbolic system comparable to writing.
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The document discusses several theorists' perspectives on narrative theories:
- Tzetvan Todorov theorized that all stories follow the same pattern of equilibrium, disruption of equilibrium, and return to equilibrium.
- Vladimir Propp identified common character types that appear across narratives, including villains, donors, helpers, princesses, false heroes, dispatchers, heroes, and fathers.
- Claude Levi-Strauss saw narratives as using binary oppositions and codes to convey meaning and opinions to audiences.
- Roland Barthes said narratives are told through codes that control how information is provided, such as an enigma code to set up and resolve mysteries or an action code that advances the plot through action.
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The document discusses several narrative theorists and their perspectives. Tzvetan Todorov believed narratives follow five parts: equilibrium, disruption, realization, reparation, and restoration of equilibrium. Vladimir Propp suggested narratives are determined by character roles and functions. There are eight character roles that serve purposes. Claude Levi-Strauss viewed narratives as relying on binary oppositions like good vs evil. Roland Barthes described texts as having no fixed structure and drawing from infinite possible meanings in language. The document was reviewed to help choose a narrative theory for a project on portraying the good vs evil of social media's impact.
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This document provides an overview of the concept of hermeneutics. It discusses the origins and meaning of the word hermeneutics, tracing it back to the Greek god Hermes. It examines how figures like Plato, St. Augustine, and Friedrich Schleiermacher contributed to the development of hermeneutics. Key points include: Hermeneutics is the art of interpretation; Plato associated Hermes with language and speech in his dialogue Cratylus; St. Augustine discussed rules for interpreting texts, especially scripture; Schleiermacher recognized understanding requires considering both language and the thinker who uses that language.
Levi Strauss Theory
Levi-Strauss proposed the theory of binary opposition, which claims that humans understand the world through opposing concepts like good vs evil. He found that narratives are structured around conflicts between binaries. Some examples of films that use binary opposition are The Dark Knight, Spiderman, and Lord of the Rings, which feature conflicts between heroes and villains. Levi-Strauss argued this theory looks deeper than surface-level meanings to find philosophical interpretations, unlike Occam's Razor which takes the simplest answer. His work revolutionized media theory by showing that meanings depend on relationships between opposites rather than fixed definitions.
Levi strauss theory
Levi-Strauss proposed the theory of binary opposition, which claims that humans understand the world through opposing concepts like good vs evil. He found that narratives are structured around conflicts between binaries. Some examples of films that feature binary oppositions are The Dark Knight, Spiderman, and Lord of the Rings, which portray conflicts between heroes and villains. Levi-Strauss argued that behind binaries is a deeper meaning that we should seek to understand, in contrast to theories like Occam's razor that favor simpler explanations. His theory revolutionized media analysis by prompting theorists to look for deeper philosophical meanings in texts rather than taking things at face value.
Levi strauss theory
Levi-Strauss proposed the theory of binary opposition, which claims that humans understand the world through opposing concepts like good vs evil. He found that narratives are structured around conflicts between binaries. Some examples of films that feature binary oppositions are The Dark Knight, Spiderman, and Lord of the Rings, which portray conflicts between heroes and villains. Levi-Strauss argued that behind binaries is a deeper meaning that we should seek to understand, in contrast to theories like Occam's razor that favor simpler explanations. His theory revolutionized media studies by prompting analysis of deeper meanings in texts rather than surface-level interpretations.
Claude levi strauss nt
Claude Levi-Strauss was a media theorist who studied hundreds of myths and concluded that humans make sense of the world by seeing binary opposites such as good vs evil, weak vs strong, fast vs slow, man vs nature. He discovered that narratives are structured around these binary oppositions, with the conflict centered around the oppositional climax. Levi-Strauss' theory was that mythic structures are based on the use of binary opposites to define theoretical positions against one another.
Claude levi strauss
background information, binary oppositions, subordinate groups, subordinate groups in media, binary oppositions in media.
Claude levi strauss[1]
Claude Levi-Strauss studied myths from around the world and discovered that humans make sense of the world through binary oppositions. He found that narratives are structured around the conflict between binary opposites such as good vs evil. Levi-Strauss believed the central climax of any narrative comes from the conflict between these opposing pairs of concepts.
Claude levi strauss nt
Claude Levi-Strauss was a media theorist who studied hundreds of myths and concluded that humans make sense of the world by seeing binary opposites such as good vs evil, weak vs strong, and man vs nature. His theory was that narrative structures are based around these conflicts between binary opposites, which are at the climax of the story. Levi-Strauss' theory suggests binaries like a generic middle class family contrasted with the protagonist selling herself for income in one film.
Narrative Theories
The document discusses several media theorists and their perspectives on narrative structure:
- Tzvetan Todorov analyzed stories as having an initial equilibrium, a disruption, and a new equilibrium.
- Vladmir Propp examined folk tales and identified common character archetypes like heroes, villains, donors, and helpers.
- Chris Vogler's definition of character archetypes and the 12 stages of the hero's journey have influenced Hollywood storytelling.
- Claude Levi-Strauss viewed narratives as organized around conflicts between binary oppositions like good and evil.
- Roland Barthes suggested narratives work through codes like an enigma code to create mysteries, an action code for tension,
Narrative
Claude Levi-Strauss suggested that narratives are driven by binary opposites such as light/dark, good/evil, etc. and move towards equilibrium or resolution. Vladimir Propp studied Russian folk tales and identified a limited number of character types. Tzvetan Todorov identified most narratives follow a three-part structure of an initial equilibrium, a disturbance, and a final resolution or new equilibrium. Roland Barthes believed texts have denotations and connotations that can have open or closed meanings. Robert McKee developed a five-part narrative structure of an inciting incident, progressive complications, crisis, climax, and resolution.
Deconstruction
Post-structuralism reacted against the perceived authoritarianism of structuralism. It asserts that language is ambiguous and meanings change, so texts can contain contradictory meanings. Deconstructionists are interested in what lies beneath the surface of a text and the world's influence on a text. They believe meanings are actively created by readers rather than resolved, and inconsistencies may undermine dominant readings. Jacques Derrida introduced deconstruction and aimed to destabilize hierarchies in binary oppositions that privilege one term over another.
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Narrative Theories
There are four main narrative theories described in the document: 1) Vladimir Propp's theory that character roles can be classified into clearly defined types with predictable actions, 2) Levi-Strauss' theory that narrative tension stems from opposition or conflict reflecting cultural values, 3) Barthes' theory that narratives establish mysteries to gradually solve using five codes, and 4) Todorov's theory that narratives follow a pattern of equilibrium, disequilibrium caused by disruption, and a new restored equilibrium.
Strauss theory
Strauss's theory of binary oppositions posits that the meaning of words depends not on their inherent definition but rather on their relationship with their opposing concept. According to the theory, developed by Claude Levi-Strauss and Roland Barthes in the mid-20th century, words act as symbols for societal ideas and their meaning comes from how they differ from their binary opposite. Additionally, one side of a binary pair, such as hero/coward or masculine/feminine, is typically valued more highly within a given culture or society.
Keith Donnellan
Donnellan argues that Russell and Strawson's theories of definite descriptions fail to account for the dual functions that definite descriptions can serve. Descriptions can be used attributively, to state something about whoever or whatever fits the description, or referentially, to enable the audience to pick out a specific person or thing that the speaker wants to talk about. Russell's theory only accounts for the attributive use, while Strawson's theory accommodates the referential use but fails when nothing fits the description. The key difference is that in a referential use, the speaker can successfully refer to something even if the description does not correctly apply, while Russell and Strawson assume the truth is affected if nothing fits the description. According to
Feminism and chauvinism. final
This document discusses the differences between chauvinism and feminism. Chauvinism refers to offensive or biased attitudes that view women as inferior to men. Feminism, on the other hand, fights for equal human rights and status between men and women. The document outlines several currents of feminism including equality feminism, radical feminism, and lesbian feminism. It concludes that chauvinism and feminism are not the same, as chauvinism promotes male superiority while feminism advocates for equal rights regardless of gender.
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The document discusses four main narrative theories: 1) Vladimir Propp's theory that character roles can be classified into clearly defined types with predictable actions, 2) Levi-Strauss' theory that narrative tension stems from opposition or conflict reflecting cultural values, 3) Barthes' theory that narratives establish mysteries to gradually solve through five codes, and 4) Todorov's theory that narratives follow a structure of equilibrium, disequilibrium caused by disruption, and a new restored equilibrium.
Methods foucault
Michel Foucault argues that the author function has changed over time and serves different purposes. In literature, the author used to be seen as existing outside the text, but is now seen as arising from the text. In science, the author was once anonymous but became more important as scientific authority was asserted. The author's name now serves to characterize a particular manner of existence of discourse and to group together certain numbers of texts.
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Vladimir Propp analyzed Russian folk tales and identified common character types such as the hero, villain, princess, and sidekick. Roland Barthes identified narrative codes like the action code, enigma code, semantic code, and cultural code that are used to construct stories. Tzvetan Todorov suggested narratives follow a three part structure of equilibrium, disruption of equilibrium, and restoration of equilibrium. Claude Levi-Strauss observed that narratives can be reduced down to binary oppositions that represent underlying conflicts.
Linguistic Turn E12 M03
1. Saussure sought to establish linguistics as an exact science by isolating language as its object of study and distinguishing it from speech.
2. He theorized that language exists socially and should be studied as a system of signs independent of individuals, with each sign consisting of a signifier and signified.
3. Saussure laid the groundwork for semiology, the science of signs in society, by demonstrating language can be modeled as a symbolic system comparable to writing.
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Sartre initially viewed freedom as man's ability to choose due to his consciousness. However, he later recognized criticism of this "ontological" view, namely that oppression involves being forced into bad choices rather than a lack of choice. Sartre thus developed a "material" view of freedom as requiring non-domination, freedom from coercion, basic security, and access to social and cultural resources to pursue one's goals. He saw oppression, like slavery, as a distortion of both the oppressed and oppressor's self-understanding through non-mutual recognition and domination.
Narrative Theories
The document discusses several theorists' perspectives on narrative theories:
- Tzetvan Todorov theorized that all stories follow the same pattern of equilibrium, disruption of equilibrium, and return to equilibrium.
- Vladimir Propp identified common character types that appear across narratives, including villains, donors, helpers, princesses, false heroes, dispatchers, heroes, and fathers.
- Claude Levi-Strauss saw narratives as using binary oppositions and codes to convey meaning and opinions to audiences.
- Roland Barthes said narratives are told through codes that control how information is provided, such as an enigma code to set up and resolve mysteries or an action code that advances the plot through action.
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The document discusses several narrative theorists and their perspectives. Tzvetan Todorov believed narratives follow five parts: equilibrium, disruption, realization, reparation, and restoration of equilibrium. Vladimir Propp suggested narratives are determined by character roles and functions. There are eight character roles that serve purposes. Claude Levi-Strauss viewed narratives as relying on binary oppositions like good vs evil. Roland Barthes described texts as having no fixed structure and drawing from infinite possible meanings in language. The document was reviewed to help choose a narrative theory for a project on portraying the good vs evil of social media's impact.
What is hermeneutics
This document provides an overview of the concept of hermeneutics. It discusses the origins and meaning of the word hermeneutics, tracing it back to the Greek god Hermes. It examines how figures like Plato, St. Augustine, and Friedrich Schleiermacher contributed to the development of hermeneutics. Key points include: Hermeneutics is the art of interpretation; Plato associated Hermes with language and speech in his dialogue Cratylus; St. Augustine discussed rules for interpreting texts, especially scripture; Schleiermacher recognized understanding requires considering both language and the thinker who uses that language.
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Levi Strauss Theory
Levi-Strauss proposed the theory of binary opposition, which claims that humans understand the world through opposing concepts like good vs evil. He found that narratives are structured around conflicts between binaries. Some examples of films that use binary opposition are The Dark Knight, Spiderman, and Lord of the Rings, which feature conflicts between heroes and villains. Levi-Strauss argued this theory looks deeper than surface-level meanings to find philosophical interpretations, unlike Occam's Razor which takes the simplest answer. His work revolutionized media theory by showing that meanings depend on relationships between opposites rather than fixed definitions.
Levi strauss theory
Levi-Strauss proposed the theory of binary opposition, which claims that humans understand the world through opposing concepts like good vs evil. He found that narratives are structured around conflicts between binaries. Some examples of films that feature binary oppositions are The Dark Knight, Spiderman, and Lord of the Rings, which portray conflicts between heroes and villains. Levi-Strauss argued that behind binaries is a deeper meaning that we should seek to understand, in contrast to theories like Occam's razor that favor simpler explanations. His theory revolutionized media analysis by prompting theorists to look for deeper philosophical meanings in texts rather than taking things at face value.
Levi strauss theory
Levi-Strauss proposed the theory of binary opposition, which claims that humans understand the world through opposing concepts like good vs evil. He found that narratives are structured around conflicts between binaries. Some examples of films that feature binary oppositions are The Dark Knight, Spiderman, and Lord of the Rings, which portray conflicts between heroes and villains. Levi-Strauss argued that behind binaries is a deeper meaning that we should seek to understand, in contrast to theories like Occam's razor that favor simpler explanations. His theory revolutionized media studies by prompting analysis of deeper meanings in texts rather than surface-level interpretations.
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Claude Levi-Strauss was a media theorist who studied hundreds of myths and concluded that humans make sense of the world by seeing binary opposites such as good vs evil, weak vs strong, fast vs slow, man vs nature. He discovered that narratives are structured around these binary oppositions, with the conflict centered around the oppositional climax. Levi-Strauss' theory was that mythic structures are based on the use of binary opposites to define theoretical positions against one another.
Claude levi strauss
background information, binary oppositions, subordinate groups, subordinate groups in media, binary oppositions in media.
Claude levi strauss[1]
Claude Levi-Strauss studied myths from around the world and discovered that humans make sense of the world through binary oppositions. He found that narratives are structured around the conflict between binary opposites such as good vs evil. Levi-Strauss believed the central climax of any narrative comes from the conflict between these opposing pairs of concepts.
Claude levi strauss nt
Claude Levi-Strauss was a media theorist who studied hundreds of myths and concluded that humans make sense of the world by seeing binary opposites such as good vs evil, weak vs strong, and man vs nature. His theory was that narrative structures are based around these conflicts between binary opposites, which are at the climax of the story. Levi-Strauss' theory suggests binaries like a generic middle class family contrasted with the protagonist selling herself for income in one film.
Narrative Theories
The document discusses several media theorists and their perspectives on narrative structure:
- Tzvetan Todorov analyzed stories as having an initial equilibrium, a disruption, and a new equilibrium.
- Vladmir Propp examined folk tales and identified common character archetypes like heroes, villains, donors, and helpers.
- Chris Vogler's definition of character archetypes and the 12 stages of the hero's journey have influenced Hollywood storytelling.
- Claude Levi-Strauss viewed narratives as organized around conflicts between binary oppositions like good and evil.
- Roland Barthes suggested narratives work through codes like an enigma code to create mysteries, an action code for tension,
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Claude Levi-Strauss suggested that narratives are driven by binary opposites such as light/dark, good/evil, etc. and move towards equilibrium or resolution. Vladimir Propp studied Russian folk tales and identified a limited number of character types. Tzvetan Todorov identified most narratives follow a three-part structure of an initial equilibrium, a disturbance, and a final resolution or new equilibrium. Roland Barthes believed texts have denotations and connotations that can have open or closed meanings. Robert McKee developed a five-part narrative structure of an inciting incident, progressive complications, crisis, climax, and resolution.
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Tzetvan Todorov proposed that narratives follow a three-part structure of equilibrium, disruption, and new equilibrium. Vladimir Propp suggested narratives can be analyzed based on the roles of characters, identifying eight core roles. Leo Strauss argued that narratives produce meaning through setting up binary oppositions between conflicting concepts. Ronald Barthes described two important narrative codes: the enigma code, which presents a puzzle for audiences to solve, and the action code, which provides resolution through action. The document reflects that Strauss' theory of binary oppositions best reflects the structure of the documentary being discussed.
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Claude levi strauss
Claude Levi Strauss was a structuralist anthropologist whose work influenced semiotics. He emphasized structuring oppositions in myths and language. He believed that all meaning is based on binary oppositions or conflicts between two opposing qualities or terms. He was less interested in the order of events and instead looked for deeper themes beneath the surface. He analyzed systematic oppositions in narratives and applied this theory to Western genres in the 1970s. Narratives are based on resolving oppositional forces, and position the audience to justify their own cultural values.
Claude levi strauss
Claude Levi-Strauss was a French structuralist anthropologist who was born in 1908 in Belgium and died in 2009 in France at the age of 100. He studied myths and legends from around the world and found that humans make sense of the world through "binary opposites". Narratives are often structured around the conflict between pairs of opposing concepts like good vs evil, young vs old, and man vs woman. His theory was that the conflict at the core of many stories is based on the opposition between these binary concepts.
Narrative theories
Todorov's theory of narrative structure suggests that stories follow a five-step pattern: 1) an initial state of equilibrium, 2) a disruption to the equilibrium, 3) recognition of the disruption, 4) an attempt to repair the disruption, and 5) a reinstatement of the original equilibrium. This pattern applies to mainstream films like The Mummy, Spiderman, Titanic, and Lord of the Rings. Levi-Strauss discovered that narratives are structured around binary opposites like good vs evil, black vs white, and protagonist vs antagonist, with the climax centered around these opposites. Propp studied fairy tales and found they all follow the same narrative structure with eight character roles like the villain, donor,
Claude lévi strauss
Claude Levi-Strauss was a French anthropologist known for his work on structuralism and structural anthropology. He believed that language and thought are structured through binary oppositions, or contrasting terms like good and evil, light and dark. According to Levi-Strauss, these opposing concepts shape how we understand and perceive the world. Examples of binary oppositions in stories include heroes versus villains, as seen in Harry Potter with Harry/Voldemort and in Batman with Batman/Joker.
Claude Levi Strauss
Claude Levi Strauss was a pioneering French anthropologist and structuralist thinker. He believed that narratives are driven by conflicts between binary oppositions such as good vs evil. This theory helped establish structuralism as a concept. It also explains how media engages audiences through the use of protagonists, antagonists, conflict, and resolution. Levi Strauss' work is still influential for media students in understanding structuralism and deconstructing genres.
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Narrative theories
Tzvetan Todorov's narrative theory states that all narratives follow three stages of equilibrium: 1) the initial equilibrium, 2) a disruption of the equilibrium (disequilibrium), and 3) a return to the new equilibrium. Vladimir Propp's character theory suggests there are recognizable character types in narratives, such as heroes, villains, helpers. Claude Levi-Strauss's binary opposition theory says narratives contain opposites like protagonists vs. antagonists that create conflict. Roland Barthes identified five narrative codes that structure how audiences understand stories: action, enigma, semic, symbolic, and cultural.
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Levi strauss
- 2. Levi-Strauss was a french anthropologist and ethnologist and he came up with the ‘Binary Opposition Theory’. This stated that all narratives could be reduced down to binary opposites, for instance good vs evil or strong vs weak. He believed that conflict is based around the binary opposites of words, and he introduced that the concept of binary oppositions was a useful way to consider the production of meaning within narratives. He argued that all construction of meaning was dependent to some degree, on these oppositions
- 3. Binary opposition is an idea that can be applied to all texts and will help understand the ways ideas and meanings are reinforced in a text. It describe how each main force in a narrative has its equal and opposite meaning and when analysing a narrative it means that you have to identify the opposing forces. Strauss realised that worlds simply act as symbols for society’s ideas and that the meaning of words was a relationship between opposing ideas, rather than just a fixed thing.
- 4. Original Word Binary Opposite Good vs Evil Boy vs Girl Strong vs Weak Peace vs War Protagonist vs Antagonist Light vs Dark Young vs Old
- 5. Binary oppositions can form the basis of narratives and was the term used for pairs of related terms that in in the opposite meaning. For example, in action movies there always is protagonist and antagonist and one of them is strong and the other is weak.