Here are brief explanations for the test questions: 1. Qualitative research is a form of social inquiry that focuses on understanding and interpreting how people make sense of their experiences and the world in which they live. 2. The three types of approach to research are: scientific approach, naturalistic approach, and triangulation/mixed method. The naturalistic approach focuses on discovering the real meaning behind people's lifestyles and social relations in a natural setting using qualitative methods like interviews. 3. Hard sciences like biology, chemistry and physics study natural phenomena using quantitative, objective and experimental methods. Soft sciences like sociology, psychology and history study human behavior and social phenomena using qualitative, subjective methods focused on meaning and discovery through interpretation.