Practical research 1

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4. Lesson 3:Quantitative and
Qualitative Research
da
Lesson 4: Characteristics,
Strengths, Weaknesses and
Kinds of Qualitative
Research
Practical Research 1 (PR1)
DANICA ANN S. MALAPAYA
Subject Teacher

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At the end of the lesson the
students were able to:
Differentiates Quantitative from
Qualitative research
Give the Similarities of Quantitative
from Qualitative research
Describes Characteristics, Strengths,
and Weaknesses of Research
Enumerate the Kinds of Qualitative
Research
01
03
02
04

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Qualitative Research
Quantitative Research

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Similarities:
Qualitative Research and
Quantitative Research
1. Both have the process of inquiry and
investigation.
2. Both improve life and help us in
understanding various issues of life and in
giving solutions to our problems
3. Both start with a problem and end with a
new problem.
4. Both use textual forms in analyzing and
interpretation of data.
5. Both use inductive and deductive methods
of presenting data.

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Lesson 4:
Characteristics,
Strengths, Weaknesses
and Kinds of
Qualitative Research

12. Agenda:
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Qualitative Research
Qualitative Research is a scientific
method of observation to gather non-
numerical data. It refers to the
meanings, concepts, characteristics,
metaphors, symbols and description of
phenomena, and not to their counts or
measures. The purpose of Qualitative
Research is to promotes a deep, holistic
understanding of a particular
phenomenon.

13. Agenda:
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Characteristics of
Qualitative Research
1. Human understanding and interpretation
in data analysis
2. Active, powerful and forceful in data
gathering and rephrasing interview
questions
3. Multiple research approaches and
methods that allows you to plan your
study and being multi-method research
4. Specificity to generalization on specific
ideas will lead to generalizations or
conclusions.

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Characteristics of
Qualitative Research
5. Contextualization - context or situation of
individual’s life
6. Diversified data in real-life situations on
collecting data in a natural setting
7. Abounds with words and visuals that
presents people’s view in a picture, video,
drawing or graphs.
8. Internal analysis on examining the data
yielded by the internal traits of the
subject persons.

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Strengths of
Qualitative Research
1. It adopts a naturalistic approach to its subject
matter.
2. Promotes a full understanding of human
behavior/personality traits in their natural
setting.
3. It is instrumental for positive societal changes.
4. It engenders respect for people’s individuality.
5. It’s a way of understanding & interpreting social
interactions.
6. Increases researcher’s interests in the study.
7. Offers multiple ways of acquiring and examining
knowledge about something.

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Weaknesses of
Qualitative Research
1. It involves a lot of researcher’s subjectivity
in data analysis.
2. It is hard to know the validity/reliability of
the data.
3. It is open-ended questions yield “data
overload” that requires long-time analysis.
4. It is time-consuming.
5. It involves several processes, whose results
greatly depend on the researcher’s views or
interpretations

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Kinds of
Qualitative Research

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1. Case Study
Long time study of a person, group,
organization or situation and an empirical
inquiry that investigates current
phenomenon.
Example: “Teenage Pregnancy in the
Public High Schools”

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2. Ethnography
a study of a particular cultural group.
Example: “Cultural Awareness and
Integration of Peace Education in the
Indigenous Peoples (IP) Communities”.

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3. Phenomenology
“live-experienced” of a phenomenon.
Example: “Life without Gadget”

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4. Content and
Discourse Analysis
• Content Analysis- is a research technique
that analyzes the modes of communication
such as letters, e-mails etc.
• Discourse Analysis- is the study of social
life, understood through analysis of
language it includes face-to-face talk, non-
verbal interaction, images and symbols.
Materials for Discourse Analysis include
books, newspapers, periodicals, brochures
and advertisements.
Example: “A Discourse Analysis on the Impact
of Modern Technologies on Communication”

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5. Historical Analysis
•is a qualitative method where there is
an examining of past events to draw
conclusions and make predictions about
the future.
Example: “The Impact of Ferdinand
Marcos’ Speech””

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6. Grounded Theory
•takes place when there is a discovery of
new theory which underlies your study
at the time of data collection and
analysis.
• Example: “The Story Behind the
Migration of Christians from Visayas and
Luzon to Mindanao”

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7. Narrative Report
• designed to present things or events
that have happened in the past through
a logical progression of the relevant
information. The main purpose of a
narrative report is to present a factual
depiction of what has occurred.
Example: “Vocabulary Building of
Students through Proper Solid Waste
Management”

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8. Biography
•is the study of an individual’s life and
struggles and how they reflect cultural
themes of the society. It deals with an
interesting story found in documents
and archival materials. It is concerned
with the reconstruction of life histories
and the constitution of meaning based
on biographical narratives and
documents.

26. Agenda:
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8. Biography
•is the study of an individual’s life and
struggles and how they reflect cultural
themes of the society. It deals with an
interesting story found in documents
and archival materials. It is concerned
with the reconstruction of life histories
and the constitution of meaning based
on biographical narratives and
documents.

27. Agenda:
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Five Common Types of
Biography
a. Scholarly Chronicles -focus on the
historical portrayal of an individual life.
e.g. “Biography of Gloria M. Arroyo, the
First Woman President of the Philippines”
b. Intellectual Biography- narrative of a life
through the conceptual analysis of the
subject’s motives and beliefs within the
world of ideas.
e.g. “Life and Works of Dr. Jose Rizal”

28. Agenda:
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Five Common Types of
Biography
c. Life History Writing- recording of life
memories, experiences, whether one’s or
another’s.
e.g. “The Hardships of Overseas Filipino
Workers (OFW’s)”.
d. Memoir Biography- stylistic presentation
of the biographer’s reflections and insights
in relation to the factual account of life.
e.g. “The Experiences of Stranded Students
in the COVID-19 Pandemic”

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Five Common Types of
Biography
e. Narrative Biography-a nonfiction
account of life experiences of a person.

30. Agenda:
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9. Action Research
is a classroom-based or school-based
research seeks transformative change
through the process of taking action
and doing research, which are linked
together by critical reflection.
This type of research is commonly
conducted by the teachers to give
solutions to the existing problems to
improve students’ academic
performance and positive attitudes.

31. Agenda:
Greetings
5’S
Prayer
Checking of
Attendance
Review of
previous lesson
Introduction
and Objectives
Lesson Proper
Summary
Announcement
Qualitative Research
Qualitative Research is a scientific
method of observation to gather non-
numerical data. It refers to the
meanings, concepts, characteristics,
metaphors, symbols and description of
phenomena, and not to their counts or
measures. The purpose of Qualitative
Research is to promotes a deep, holistic
understanding of a particular
phenomenon.

32. Agenda:
Greetings
5’S
Prayer
Checking of
Attendance
Review of
previous lesson
Introduction
and Objectives
Lesson Proper
Summary
Announcement
Different Kinds of
Qualitative Research
1. Case Study
2. Ethnography
3. Phenomenology
4. Content Discourse Analysis
5. Historical Analysis
6. Grounded Theory
7. Narrative Report
8. Biography
9. Action Research

33. Agenda:
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1st Meeting
*Discussion of Lesson 3 and 4
2nd Meeting
*Quiz #2: The Characteristics,
Processes and Ethics of Research
*Discussion of Research question
and explanation of Title defense
template
3rd Meeting
*Quiz #3: Lesson 3 and 4
*Consultation
Announcement

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