Weather refers to short term atmospheric conditions like temperature, precipitation, wind, and humidity. Climate describes weather patterns over 30 years, such as warm summers and cool winters. Temperature is measured using a thermometer in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit in the shade. Various temperature readings are taken like mean daily, monthly, and annual temperatures to describe climate.

1. Weather & Climate

2. Take the weather with you?

3. What is weather?
Weather is the day to day changes in the atmosphere.
What might this include?
Temperature Precipitation
Wind speed Humidity
Wind direction Cloud cover
Air pressure Sunshine

4. What is climate?
Climate is the pattern of weather,
usually based over 30 years.
When working out the climate
of a location, the average
results of the changes in the
atmosphere will be noted.
Climate talks about general
information:
warm, dry summers
cold, dark winters
hot and dry all year round.
How would you describe the climate of Singapore?

5. Weather
• Refer to the condition of the atmosphere at
a particular place over a short period of
time (24 hours).
• Example
– The weather in the afternoon can be warm but
later in the day, when the clouds block the
Sun’s ray, it can be cooler.

6. Climate
• Refers to the weather pattern of a place
over a period of 30 years or more.
• Example
– The weather in Singapore is hot and humid, at
times it can be wet.

7. 3 aspect of weather and climate
• Temperature
• Rainfall
• Wind

8. Temperature
• Refers to the degree of hotness or coldness
of the air.
• The amount of heat in the atmosphere
measure in degree Celsius (0C)
• What do you use to measure temperature?

11. Temperature
Temperature is a measure of how warm or cool it is.
The units of temperature are degrees Celsius (°C)
or degrees Fahrenheit (°F).
How is temperature measured?
Temperature is measured using a thermometer.
Temperatures are measured in the shade, so the
sun’s rays do not heat up the instrument being used.
Most thermometers are made so liquid (mercury or
spirit) in the bulb at the bottom expands as it gets
warm and rises up a tube.

12. Taking temperature readings

13. Calculating temperature
• Mean daily temperature
• Daily range of temperature
• Mean monthly temperature
• Mean annual temperature
• Annual range temperature

14. Mean daily temperature
• Mean daily = Daily Max + Daily Min
temperature 2

15. Let try
City / Max Temp Min Temp Mean Daily
Country (00C) (00C) Temp(00C)
Perth 23 15
Australia
London 20 10
UK
Beijing 25 16
China
New Delhi 30 24
India

16. Daily range of temperature
• Daily temp range = Max – Min temp

17. Let try
Day Max Temp Min Temp Daily Temp
(00C) (0 C)
0 Range (00C)
Mon 33 26
Tues 32 25
Wed 35 26
Thurs 34 25

19. Mean annual temperature
• Mean annual = Sum of mean monthly temp
temperature 12

20. Annual range temperature
• Difference in temp between the highest
and lowest months of mean monthly
temp.