This lesson introduces the Scratch programming environment and teaches students how to create their first computer program using sprites, blocks, costumes, and sounds through a cat walk animation scenario. Key concepts covered include understanding the major parts of Scratch like sprites and blocks, how to create simple animations and incorporate sound, and gaining experience with basic programming concepts like scripts, parallel processing, and event-driven programming. Students will learn programming fundamentals by completing tasks that have them manipulating sprites on a stage through snap-together blocks.

1. Lesson 1 - Scratching the Surface

2. Lesson 1 – Scratching the Surface
Lesson
This lesson introduces the Scratch programming
environment, including the basic terms utilised in
the language. You will create your first computer
program based on a cat walk scenario.
Objectives
 Identify the major parts of the scratch
 Understand how sprites and blocks work
 Understand the concept of a computer program
 Work with simple animation and sound

3. Lesson 1 - Scratching the Surface
Watch the ScratchIntro video, this will introduce
you to Scratch and its screen layout.

4. Lesson 1 - Scratching the Surface
A Scratch program contains sprites (characters)
that “perform” on a stage. Sprites and the stage
have three kinds of properties (or settings).
Scripts: These are the instructions that control a
sprite. Scripts are made from blocks.
Costumes/Backgrounds: Costumes are “outfits” for
a sprite. Backgrounds are just like costumes but for
the stage.
Sounds: These are sounds that sprites or the stage
can use.

5. Lesson 1 - Scratching the Surface
Task 1: Up on the Catwalk
Watch the Catwalk video. This
will go over the main elements
within Scratch and take you
through the task of creating
your first computer program.
Create the program. If you get stuck, go back to the video or ask your partner.

6. Lesson 1 - Scratching the Surface
Congratulations – you have just started your
journey to become a computer programmer!

7. Lesson 1 - Scratching the Surface
Putting things in order
•Blocks in the same script get executed (carried
out) in sequence, one after the other.
•Blocks in separate scripts can sometimes be
executed at the same time. This is called parallel
processing – having the computer do more than
one thing at a time.
•For example, if you have several scripts, they will
all get executed together when the green flag is
clicked.

8. Lesson 1 - Scratching the Surface
Challenge: Dance away
Try to make a sprite dance in time to music,
starting the program when the green flag is
clicked. Watch the DancingQueen video to give
you some inspiration.

9. Lesson 1 - Scratching the Surface
Question 1.1
Look at the section of code
opposite that controls a sprite.
What you think the user will see when the green
flag is clicked.
Now try out the code yourself and see if you were
right.

10. Lesson 1 - Scratching the Surface
Question 1.2
Now add a wait 1 secs block between the two
move blocks.
What happens now?
Why did this happen?

11. Lesson 1 - Scratching the Surface
Question 1.3
Look at the section of code below that controls a
sprite.
What do you think the user will see when the green
flag is clicked.
Why? Now try out the code yourself and see if you
were right.

12. Lesson 1 - Scratching the Surface
Question 1.4
In the stack of blocks below, how many times
does the sprite move 10 steps?

13. Lesson 1 - Scratching the Surface
Question 1.5
A programmer wants the cat to dance to some
music. However, the cat doesn’t start dancing
until after the music has finished!
Why is this?

14. Lesson 1 - Scratching the Surface
Question 1.6
In the example below, a programmer has chosen a
piece of music (sound “Xylo1”) to play during a
game. However, when the green flag is clicked,
the computer just plays the first note of the music
– over and over again!
What mistake has the programmer made?

15. Lesson 1 – Scratching the Surface
Objectives
 Identify the major parts of the scratch 
 Understand how sprites and blocks work 
 Understand the concept of a computer program 
 Work with simple animation and sound 
Keywords
 Sprites  Motion
 Blocks  Control
 Costumes  Coordinates
 Processing  Code