Energy Resources. ( B. Pharmacy, 1st Year, Sem-II) Natural Resources
LEGAL PROBLEM SOLVING (LEGAL METHOD).pdf
1. . Y. Sogar Simamora
(Fak. Hukum UNAIR)
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2. 1. Margot Costanzo, Problem Solving
(Essential Legal Skills), Cavendish
Publishing Limited, London, 1996
2. Fiona Boyle, et.al., A Practical Guide To
Lawyering Skills, Cavendish Publishing
Limited, London, 2003
3. Philipus M. Hadjon & Tatiek Sri Djatmiati,
Argumentasi Hukum, Gajah Mada
University Press, Yogyakarta, 2005
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3. } Some definitions of problem solving restrict
the expression to situations in which has
already gone wrong. A situation to be
managed is diferent from a problem to be
solved. A problem to be solved usually
involves a deviation in the past, or
anticipating deviations in the future.
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4. } LITIGATION
To settle a dispute or seek relief in a court of
law, to carry on a lawsuit. Legal action,
including all proceedings there in (In Court
Settlement)
} NON LITIGATION
Negotiation, Mediation & Arbitration (Out Of
Court Settlement)
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5. } PERDATA
ü Sengketa Kontrak : Pembatalan & Wanprestasi
üPMH : GR & P Kd Semula
• PIDANA
üHARDA : Ps. 362, 372, 378 KUHP
üPemalsuan
üPenyelundupan
üDLL
• TUN
üPembatalan KTUN
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6. } TIDAK MEMAHAMI HUKUMNYA
} KURANG PERSIAPAN
} MEMAKSAKAN DIRI
} BLUNDER
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8. } What are the reasons?
a. The client can inform the lawyer about
a legal problem and obtain advice;
b. The lawyer can elicit the relevant
information from the client about his
or her case in order to assess the
legal position;
c. The lawyer can advise the client as to
an appropriate course of action.
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9. } Buatlah perencanaan, misalnya checklist. Ini
penting untuk memberikan kesan kpd klien
bahwa lawyer bekerja profesional (efisien &
cukup persiapan)
} Record personal details (data pribadi klien)
} Ensure that the question is phrased in a
clear and unambiguous way and
appropriate language.
} Listen to the client’s answer (passive
listening, responsive listening & active
listening)
} Ingat: klien adalah lawan terberat !
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10. } The function of a lawyer is to assist a
client in protecting or asserting those
rights that are defined by law. The
primary duty of any lawyers is to provide
his or her client with the legal knowledge
and legal skill that will enable them to
look after their affairs.
} Penelitian dalam legal problem solving
bertujuan menjawab isu hukum.Isu
hukum ini dirumuskan berdasarkan
fakta-fakta.
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11. } Penelitian Hukum dlm konteks legal
problem solving tergolong practical legal
research (PLR). Terdapat 3 (tiga) skill yang
dibutuhkan:
a. Problem identification and analysis;
b. Information search and retrieval; and,
c. Presentation of the result in an appropriate manner.
} Pendekatan : statute & case approach (
Catatan: Dalam sistem civil law yg
dikedepankan adalah statute app.)
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12. } CIVIL LAW
1. Based on rule
2. Statute
Approach
} COMMON LAW
1. Based on
precedent
2. Case Approach
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13. } Perundang-undangan (vide UU 10/2004)
} Yurisprudensi (vide contoh-contoh)
} Pendapat Sarjana (Doktrin)
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14. } Menemukan jawaban atas problem
hukum yang telah diidentifikasi (isu
hukum)
} Dilakukan dengan cara:
a. Rechtsvinding (Penemuan Hukum)
§ Interpretasi
§ Model Penalaran/Konstruksi Hukum
ü Analogi
ü A contrario
b. Konflik Norma (lex spesialis, lex superiori & lex
posteriori)
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15. } Tiga hal yg penting diperhatikan:
a. What are the client’s goal?
b. What is the probability that any legal
solution will achieve the client’s
goals?
c. Help the client to define benefit, risk
& cost
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16. 1. TTG KOMPETENSI ABSOLUT
q A membeli barang dari B. Pembayaran dengan GB,
ttp GB tsb kosong. Apa upaya hukum B?
a. Upaya Pidana ex Pasal 378 KUHP?
b. Upaya Perdata dengan Gugat Wanprestasi?
Ø Putusan MA No. 1035 K/Pid/1993,
tanggal 24 Maret 1994
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18. a. Upaya pidana?
b. Upaya perdata?
c. Upaya pidana dan perdata?
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19. } A, B & C adalah pendiri dan pemegang saham PT X.
Akte Pendirian telah dibuat tetapi belum disahkan
oleh menteri. A & B direksi, C komisaris. PT X telah
membeli barang dari PT Y seharga Rp 3 miliar.
Barang telah diterima tetapi harga belum dibayar.
PT Y menggugat PT X, A & B. Apa eksepsi yg dapat
diajukan para tergugat?
ØPiercing the corporate veil (Ps.3 ayat (2) UU No.
1/1995)
ØPlurium Litis Consortium
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20. } BPPN menjual (lelang) barang dengan
klausula as is. A, selaku pembeli (pemenang
lelang), menggugat BPPN dengan dalih
barang mengandung cacat.
Apa bantahan BPPN selaku tergugat?
Ø Perhatikan: Ps. 1493 BW !
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21. } A & B membuat dan menandatangani
kontrak jual beli. Kontrak disusun
(dirancang) oleh A selaku penjual. Ternyata
terdapat klausula yang tidak jelas dan
bertentangan satu sama lain. Bagaimana
menafsir kontrak yang demikian ini?
Ø Contra Proferentem rule
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22. } A menggugat B. Posita menunjukkan
adanya hubungan kontraktual antara A
dgn B. Dalam petitum A meminta agar B
dinyatakan bersalah melakukan
perbuatan melawan hukum.Apa akibat
hukum gugatan yg demikian ini?
a. Ditolak
b. Gugatan Tidak Dapat Diterima (Niet
Ontvankelijkverklaard)
è Put. MARI No. 1875 K/Pdt/1984
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23. } IDENTIFIKASI FAKTA HUKUM
} KLASIFIKASI PERMASALAHAN HUKUM
(PERDATA/PIDANA/TUN)
} IDENTIFIKASI ISU HUKUM
} ANALISIS
} KONKLUSI
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