2. Lecture Date Topic
1 17/07/2019 Introduction/Nucleic acids
2 24/07/2019 Nucleic acids
3 31/07/2019 Transcription/Translation
4 07/08/2019 Transcription/Translation
5 14/08/2019 Protein structure
6 21/08/2019 Protein structure
7 28/08/2019 Enzymes
8 04/09/2019 CLASS TEST
9 11/09/2019 Ultrastructure of cells and viruses
10 25/09/2019 Cell division and cell cycle
11 16/10/2019 Brain Structure and function
12 23/10/2019 Host defense and vaccines
13 30/10/2019 Genetic Engineering
14 06/11/2019 CLASS TEST
15 13/11/2019 Discussion and Revision
3. Why study Living System?
“I was impressed by astonishing
functions that live organisms are
capable to develop…Since then,
learning from nature was a
common thing for me.” – Eiji
Nakatsu
6. Brain vs Computer
NIH Director Dr. Francis Collins and USA
President Barack Obama announcing the
BRAIN Initiative 2013
7. What are the characteristics of a
Living System?
• High degree of complexity
• Mechanisms for sensing and responding to alterations in
surroundings
• Systems for extracting, transforming and using energy from the
environment
• Ability to adapt and evolve
• Ability to develop and grow
• Capacity for precise self-replication and self-assembly, known as
reproduction
11. Experiment that Proves DNA is Our Genetic Material
Frederick Griffith’s experiment with bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae) (1928).
12. Experiment that Proves DNA is Our Genetic Material
Avery, MacLeod and McCarty’s experiment in 1944
13. Flow of Genetic Information:
The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology
RNA ProteinDNA
Transcription Translation
Replication
RNA ProteinDNA
Polymer of
nucleotides
Polymer of
nucleotides
Polymer of
amino acids
24. Discovery of the DNA Structure
• Structure was discovered in 1953 by James
Watson and Francis Crick
• Awarded Nobel Prize in 1962
Rosalind Franklin
