2. ▶ Polygraphy - the scientific method of detecting deception with the
aid or use of a polygraph instrument.
▶ Polygraph- a delicately engineered instrument that simultaneously
records the changes in respiration, electrodermal activity and
cardiovascular activity. It is a scientific instrument capable of
recording simultaneously changes in blood pressure, pulse rate,
respiration and skin resistance as indicative of emotional
disturbance especially of a lying subject when being questioned.
3. ▶ Polygraph Machine =Itis a sensitive machine which is likened or
compared to an X-ray which requires proper interpretation for
validation and its accuracy is said to be directly proportional to the
knowledge, skills, education, desire, competency, and integrity of
the operator. Hence, the attitude of “let`s put them on the lie box”
should be firmly discouraged.
4. ▶ Polygraph Examiner =is one who is capable of
detecting deception and verifying the
truthfulness of statement through the use of a
polygraph instrument.
▶ Subject =is any person who undergoes
polygraph examination.
▶
5. Terms to ponder
▶ Normal response- is the tracing on the
charts wherein the subject answered in
the irrelevant questions.
▶ Specific response- is one that is exhibited
by a subject to particular questions, which
constitute a deviation from the subject
individual norm.
6. ▶ Response- is any activity or inhibition of
previous activity of an organism resulting
from stimulation.
▶ Reaction- it is an action or mental attitude
evoked by an external influence.
7. ▶ Deception- is an act of deceiving or
misleading which is usually accompanied
by lying
▶ Lying –is uttering of conveying falsehood
▶ Detection- it is the act of discovering the
existence or presence of something
hidden or obscured.
8. ▶ Fear- is an emotional response to specific
danger that appears to beyond a person's
defensive power
▶ Stimulus- i
s the force or motion reaching
the organism from the environment and
excites the receptors
9. ▶ TYPESOF ORDEAL
▶ 1. Ordeal of Heat and Fire =in this test the suspect walked a certain
distance, usually nine feet, over red-hot plowshares or holding a
red-hot iron.
▶ 2. Ordeal of Hot Water =this test requires that the water had to be
boiled, and the depth from which the stone had to be retrieved
was up to the wrist for one accusation and up to the elbow for three
or more accusations.
▶ 3. Ordeal of Boiling Oil =this ordeal was practiced in villages of India
and certain parts of West Africa.
10. ▶ 4. Red Hot Iron Ordeal =the accused will be required to touch his
tongue to an extremely hot metal nine (9) times (unless burned
sooner). Once his tongue is burned, he will be adjudged guilty. In
some country instead of hot iron, they used a hot needle to tease
the lips and once the lips bleed it is an indication of guilt.
▶ 5. Ordeal of Cold Water =this ordeal has a precedent in the Code
of Ur-Nammu and the Code of Hammurabi under which a man
accused of sorcery was to be submerged in a stream and
acquitted if he survived.
11. ▶ 6. Ordeal of Rice Chewing =a method of detecting deception
whereby an accused will be required to take rice (to clergy bread
or cheese). If the accused failed to swallow even a single grain of
concentrated rice, he/she will be adjudged guilty.
▶ 7. Ordeal of Red Water (Food and Drink Ordeal) =in this method the
accused will be required to run fast for twelve (12 hours), take a
cap of rice and drink a dark colored water (as much as one
gallon).
▶ 8. Ordeal of the Cross =the accused and the accuser stood on
either side of a cross and stretched out their hands horizontally. The
one to first lower his arms lost.
12. ▶ 9. The Test of the Axe =In Greece, a suspended axe was spine in the
center of a group of suspects, when the axe stopped, whosoever
was in line with the blade was supposed to be the guilty as pointed
by divine providence.
▶ 10. The Test of the Candle =this ordeal was used in Burma, the
accuser and accused were each given identical candles and
were lighted at the same time. The candle that burns the longest
determines which the truth
▶ 11. Donkey’s tail (Ash tail) Ordeal =a method of ordeal where all
accused persons will be instructed to select a cage with a donkey,
using a donkey’s tail they will strike the donkey and whichever cries
first will be adjudged guilty.
13. Other means of identification
▶ Hypnotism- is a means of bringing on an
artificial state of sleep to the participant.
This is more accurately described as a
state of reduce consciousness while one is
awake.
14. ▶ Word association test- principle of WAT is
that when a guilty examinee is confronted with
relevant word, he will suffer from an
inner conflict while trying to utter an associated
word denying his guilt.
15. ▶ Truth serum test- this method based on the
theory that intervention through interrogation is
made possible after dosage of drugs has been
appropriately administered, which depresses the
cerebral activity to a point of unconsciousness.
16. ▶ Narco-analysis or narco-synthesis- this
method of detecting was practically the
same as that of administration of truth
serum. The only difference is the drug
used.
17. ▶ Intoxication- this is practiced by means of
drinking alcoholic beverages as stimuli to
obtain truth on the part of the subject. The
subject for interrogation will be allowed to
take alcoholic beverages up to the point
of intoxication
18. The observation method
▶ Blushing and paling
▶ Squinting of the eyes
▶ Excessive activity of the Adams apple
▶ A force laugh
▶ Roling of eyeball from one direction to another
▶ Fidgeting, tapping, or drumming of fingers on the chair or other
surfaces
▶ Swing of legs, or of one leg over the other
▶ Unnecessary movement of hands and feet
20. Development of pneumograph
▶ Victtorio benussi- he detected deception
with a pneumograph an instrument that
graphically measures the inhalation, he
demonstrated the changes in respiration-
expiration ratio during deception.
21. ▶ Harold burt- he determined that
respiratory changes were indication of
deception. He found out that changes in
systolic blood pressure were greater value
in determining deception than in changes
in respiration
22. Development of galvanograph
▶ Luigi galvani- he is an italian physiologist
who was accorded the distinction for
developing the galvanic skin reflex(GSR)
or galvanometer, which records electrical
bodily resistance in terms ohms
23. ▶ Sticker- he made the first suggestion for using
galvanograph for detecting deception .
▶ =He made the earliest application of
psychogalvanometer to forensic problems.
▶ =Study the influence of the sweat glands to skin
resistance.
▶
24. ▶ Veraguth- he was the first one to use the term
psychogalvanic reflex. He believed that the
electrical phenomenon is due to the activity of
sweat glands. =
▶ In 1907, he described his observation on galvanic
phenomena and emotions that there was an
ascending galvanometer curve during the
presentation of relevant stimuli versus the rest curve
on non-crucial stimuli.
▶
25. Development of cardio-
sphymograph
Angelo mosso- In 1878, science came to the aid of
the truth seeker through the research of an Italian
psychologist Angelo Mosso. He made use of an
instrument called plethysmograph in his research
on emotion and fear and its influence on the
heart and respiration.
26. ▶ Cesare lombroso- he employed the first
scientific instrument to detect deception, which
is known as hydrosphygmograph, this instrument
measures changes in pulse and blood pressure
when suspects were asked about their
involvement or knowledge of specific crime.
27. ▶ William moulton marston- he dealt with the
sphygmomanometer and made researchers on
the usefulness of sphymomanometer in
detecting lies, which was used to obtain
periodic discontinuous blood pressure reading
during the course of a test
28. ▶ John larson- he developed an instrument
that continually and simultaneously
measure blood pressure pulse and
respiration. He designed the first two
recording channel polygraph in the
history
29. ▶ Leonarde Keeler =in 1926, he made a
modification of Larson’s instrument. He
developed that metal bellows and kymograph
that pulled a chart paper at a constant speed
under recording pens from a roll of chart
located inside the instrument.
30. ▶ Ruckmick =in 1936, the term Psychogalvanic
Reflex used by Veraguth was repudiated by
Ruckmick and proposed the term Electrodermal
Response.
▶
31. ▶ John E. Reid =in 1950, he developed the Control
Question Test which consists of a known lie and
incorporated it into the relevant/irrelevant technique.
▶ =he developed a movement or activity sensor a means
of recording arm and leg movements =Reid also
developed the silent answer test and guilt-complex test
to be administered to overly responsive examinee.
32. ▶ Cleve Backster =developed the psychological
set theory and the anticlimax dampening
concept. =he also developed and introduced
the Quantification System of Chart Analysis
(Numerical Scoring) which permits the examiner
to score the charts numerically according to
standard rules.
33. ▶ Richard O. Arther =introduced the Arther I
I
polygraph instrument which contains a stimulus
marker capable of recording the beginning
and ending of question and the moment the
examinee answered. =credited as the creator
of Stimulus Marker
34. ▶ Sir James Mackenzie =an English clinician and
cardiologist, constructed the Clinical Polygraph
in 1892, an instrument to be used for medical
examinations with the capability to
simultaneously record undulated line tracings
of the vascular pulses (radial, venous and
arterial) by way of a stylus onto a revolving drum
of smoked paper.
35. ▶ Ayur vida- a hindu book of healt and science the
earliest known reference of the methods for detecting
deception.
▶ Comes before lie detection
▶ Basis of the invention of polygraph machine
▶ Traditional way no scientific
36. ▶ Dharmasastra of gautama-
▶ No guilty is incurred in giving false
evidence in case the life of a man
depends thereon
37. ▶ Vassistra of dharmasastra
▶ Man may speak on untruth when their live are in
danger or the loss of their property is imminent
38. Types of lying
▶ White lie- this kind of lie, the most common of all,
which is intended to protect or maintain
harmony or friendship, at home, in the office of
elsewhere.
▶ Pathological lie- lie made by persons who
cannot distinguish right from wrong
▶ Red lie- this involves political interest and
motives because this part of
communist propaganda strategy.
39. ▶ Black lie- a lie which accompanies pretension
and hypocrisies, intriguing can cause dishonor or
discredit good image.
▶ Malicious or judicious lie- this is intended
to mislead justice. The probable result would be
perjury and pure dishonesty to obstruct justice.
▶ Jocose lie- lie is told in order to make fun.
40. ▶ Direct denial –act in question that creates an emotional
sense of disturbance. This disturbance refers to the
conflict between what us true and the attempted
deception that creates an internal battle in the mind.
▶ Lie of omission- this type of lie that people usually used
because it is simple to tell. Individuals who will make use
of this type of lie will tell the truth while omitting details
that could create possible trouble.
▶ Lie of fabrication- is something made up or a
misrepresentation of a truth. It is often used by the
subject in an interview.
41. KINDS OF LIAR
▶ 1. Panic Liar =a person who lies to avoid the
consequences of certain actions
▶ 2. Occupational Liar =is a practical liar and
usually lies when there is a higher pay off than
telling the truth
▶ 3. Tournament Liar =a person who loves to lie
and is excited by the challenge of not being
detected
▶ 4. Ethnological Liar =person who is trained not to
be squealer. This person loves to be interrogated
and has taken the creed that he will never
reveal the truth, usually the creed of the
underworld gang
42. ▶ 5. Psychopathic Liar =a liar that shows no regret
for his dishonest actions and no manifestations
of guilt. Most difficult type of liar to deal with
because such is a good actor
▶ 6. Pathological Liar =a person who cannot
distinguish between right and wrong.
▶ 7. Black Liar =a person who always pretend
44. ▶ 1. Psychological Leg Premise = states that specific
nervous system component whose stimulation can
thus be diagnosed are so stimulated by the
involuntary and emotional processes of the
individual who is continuously attempting
concealment of deception especially if that
individual has something at stake and the
prevailing circumstances lead him to believe that
exposure to deception is quite possible although
undesirable.
▶
45. ▶ 2. Physiological Leg Premise =that among
the physiological responses that may be
recorded are those that automatically
occur only following the stimulation of
specific nervous component system
▶
46. ▶ 3. Mechanical Leg Premise =polygraph is
capable of making graphic record
containing reliable information regarding
physiological responses of the subject.
47. ▶ PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY OF LYING
▶ The Central Nervous System (CNS) =is
composed of the brain and the spinal cord. All
other nerve ways are within the peripheral
nervous system which separates into two: The
Somatic Nervous System and the
Autonomic Nervous System.
48. ▶ 1. Somatic Nervous System =is involved with
voluntary comparative over skeletal muscles
▶ 2. Autonomic Nervous System =involved those
involuntary physiological functions of the body
and has considerable psychological impact as
well.
▶
49. ▶ TWO DIVISIONS OF AUTONOMIC NERVOUS
SYSTEM
▶ 1. Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS) =the
house keeping or braking system. It is responsible
for conserving energy and making sure
necessary bodily functions.
▶
50. ▶ 2. Sympathetic Nervous System (SNS) –is
our emergency, or action system.
▶ =a system which causes the sudden and
dramatic change.
▶
51. ▶ Fight, flight, freeze =are the three stereotypic
behavioral responses to threat, sometimes simply
called F3. The physiological responses
concomitant to these behaviors are the same,
namely mobilizing bodily resources for
an expenditure of energy, and narrowing
attention and focus to the features of the
threat.
▶
52. ▶ 1. Pneumograph =designed to detect and record changes in
respiration of the subject which consists of the ff: ■ Rubber
Convoluted Tube =about 10 inches corrugated rubber attached to
the body of the subject.
▶ ■ Beaded Chain =used to lock the rubber convoluted tube.
▶ ■ Recording Pen Unit =consisting of two 5 inches recording pen
53. ▶ ■ Centering Knob =used to center the pen
▶ ■ Sensitivity Knob =used to adjust the desired size of tracings
▶ ■ Vent =used to release excess pressure from the system
▶ ■ Pneumo Module =located inside the instrument that receives
the reactions detected by the corrugated tube and moves the pen
to record the reactions on the chart
54. ▶ 2. Cardiosphygmograph =Designed to detect changes in the
cardiovascular activity/ changes in blood pressure and pulse beat
of the subject. It consists of:
▶ a. Blood Pressure Cuff =attached to the upper right arm of the
subject, above the brachial artery.
▶ b. Sphygmamonometer =used to indicate the amount of air
pressure inflated to the system. Usually about 60 mm of mercury for
male subject.
▶ c. Recording Pen Unit =five (5) inches length
▶ d. Air Pump/Pump Bulb =designed to supply air to the system
55. ▶ e. Cardio Module =located inside the instrument that receives the
reactions detected by the cuff and moves the pen to record the
reactions on the chart
▶ f. Sensitivity Control =used to adjust the desired size of tracings
▶ g. Centering Control =designed to center the pen on the chart
▶ h. Vent =Used to release excess pressure from the system
56. ▶ Cardiosphygmograph provides a record of the following:
▶ 1. Relative Blood Volume/Pressure =is the changes in the average
value of the cardio tracing (waveform) with respect to a baseline.
▶ a. Diastolic Blood Pressure =refers to the downward blood pressure
representing the low pressure to the closing of the valves and heart
relaxed.
▶ b. Systolic Blood Pressure =the upward blood pressure as the apex
of the curve caused by the contraction of the heart, valves are
open and blood is rushing into the arteries.
57. ▶ 2. Pulse Amplitude =changes in pulse amplitude (tracing height)
independent of baseline. 3. Pulse Rate =changes in heart rate or
time between pulses.
▶ 4. Dicrotic Notch =changes in relative position of the dicrotic notch
or pulse waveform =short horizontal notch in a cardio-tracing
located at the middle of the diastolic stem
▶
58. ▶ 3. Galvanograph =designed to detect changes in skin resistance of
the subject. Consists of: a. Finger Electrode Assembly consists of:
▶ a.1. Finger Electrode Plate and Retainer Bond =attached to the
index and ring finger of the subject.
▶ a.2. Connecting Plug =attached the system to the instrument
b. Recording Pen Unit =usually 7 inches
▶ c. Amplifier Unit =designed to support the galvanometer in
converting electrical to mechanical current.
59. ▶ d. Sensitivity Control =used to adjust the desired size of
tracings
▶ e. Centering Control =designed to center the pen on
the chart
▶ f. GSR Module =located inside the instrument that
receives the reactions detected by the finger
electrodes and moves the pen to record the reactions
on the chart
▶
60. ▶ Kymograph =serves as the paper feed mechanism of the
polygraph machine
▶ =Itis a motor that pulls or drives the chart paper under the
recording pen simultaneously at the rate of five seconds per
vertical chart division or twelve divisions in one minute run.
▶
61. ▶ a. Cutter Bar =used to cut the paper at the end of the test.
▶ b. Rubber Roller =the one responsible for pulling the paper out of
the machine.
▶ c. Pen Table =flat portion where the pen writes on the chart.
▶ d. Paper Rail Guide =serves as the security for the unnecessary
movement of the chart paper or to ensure the paper’s forward
movement without shaking.
▶ e. Synchronous Motor =runs the chart paper at the uniform rate
speed regardless of the voltage change.
62. 4 phases of polygraph
examination
Initial interview
Pre-test with the subject
Actual test
Post interview
63. ▶ Stages in the Conduct of the Polygraph Test
▶ ■ Initial Interview with the Investigator
▶ ➢ Conducted by an investigator handling the
case, designed for the obtaining of pertinent
information necessary for the conduct of the
test. This is falling short of the basic process of
investigation. As a rule, no polygraph test can
be conducted if there is insufficient amount
data gathered.
▶
64. ▶ Pre-test Interview =An interview conducted by the
polygraph examiner designed to prepare or condition
the subject for the actual test.
▶ a. Determining the subject physical, mental and
psychological suitability to undergo the test
▶ b. Informing the subject of his Constitutional Rights
▶ c. Taking of the subject consent
▶ d. Taking of the subject personal data
▶ e. Preparing the subject for the test –administration of
stimulation test
▶
65. ▶ ln-Test (Actual Test) =is the actual conduct of the test administered
by a polygraph examiner
▶ First is to attached the pneumograph, the cardiosphygmograph
and the galvano graph.
▶ Review all the questions with the subject before the actual
examination is made.
▶
66. ▶ Post-test Interview or Interrogation = is an interview or an
interrogation administered by a polygraph examiner after the test
designed to obtain confession or admission by the subject. =
interview is conducted when the reactions indicate an innocent
response and very cooperative to the examiner. = interrogation is
conducted when the reactions show sign of deception and being
uncooperative to open an information.
▶
67. ▶ Chart markings- through the proper use of test
graph marking will be able to evaluate the result
of polygraph chart and without marking it is
impossible to evaluate the chart or to arrive at
any conclusion.
68. symbol interpretation
X Beginning of test
Stimulus mark
+ yes
- No
T Talk
C coughing
M movement
CT Clearing throat
S sigh
S
Z sneeze
DB Deep breathing
B burp
PJ Paper jump
XX End of test
69. ▶ FORMULATION OF TESTQUESTIONS
▶ General Rules in formulating Test Questions
▶ ■ Questions must be simple and direct
▶ ■ They must not involve legal terminologies
▶ ■ They must be as simple and as short as possible
▶ ■ Answerable by Yes or No.
70. ▶ ■ They must not be in a form of accusatorial.
▶ ■ Their meaning must be clear and they must be phrased in
a language that the subject can easily understand. ■ They
must never contain inference which presupposes knowledge on the
part of the subject. ■ They must refer to one offense only
▶ ■ They must refer to one element of the offense.
▶ ■ They must not contain inference to one’s religion, race or belief.
71. ▶ Irrelevant Question =a question that has no
connection with the matter under investigation
and deals with known facts that the subject
cannot be denied. It is designed to be
emotionally neutral to examinees and
usually answerable by “yes’.
72. ▶ 1. It has no connection to the matter under investigation.
▶ 2.No threat to subject (usually).
▶ 3. Neither innocent nor guilty suspects have reason to lie.
▶ 4. Usually about the suspect’s background.
▶ 5. Generally used at the beginning of polygraph technique to
establish a ‘norm’ for examinee, or throughout the examination as
needed to reestablish norm pattern
▶
73. ▶ Symptomatic Question =is designed to ensure
that the examiner will not ask un-reviewed
questions or that the examinee is not afraid that
the examiner will ask un-reviewed questions.
74. ▶ Relevant Question =a question deals with the matter
under investigation. Color coded red in
computerized instruments. It is designed to generate
reactions from deceptive subject.
▶ =the primary of key questions asked by the examiner in
order to resolve specific subject matter. =questions
related to the issue which may either be:
▶
75. ▶ Primary Relevant (Strong Relevant) =addresses
the primary issue or direct involvement of the
subject on the matter under question. It is used
primarily with the single-issue examination.
▶ Ex. Did you take that missing money?
▶
76. ▶ Secondary Relevant (Weak Relevant) =deals
with the physical acts that support the primary
issue. This is usually use in multi-issue
examination. Indirectly proving the guilt of the
subject.
▶ Ex. Did you participate in the theft of that missing
money?
▶
77. ▶ Guilty Knowledge =designed to probe
whether the subject possesses information
regarding the identity of the offender or
the facts of the case under question.
▶ Ex. Do you know who took that missing
money?
▶
78. ▶ Evidence Connecting Question = test question in
which the examinee is asked about a particular
piece of physical evidence that would incriminate
the guilty person. It could be items left at the crime
scene by the perpetrator or stolen property.
Designed to obtain link between the subject and
the crime.
▶ Ex. Do you know where any of that missing money is
right now?
▶
79. ▶ Sacrifice =questions designed to
determine truthfulness of the subject.
▶ Ex. Concerning the case, do you intend to
lie to any questions about that?
▶
80. ▶ Control Question =a question which is the same in nature with that
of the relevant question but broad in scope. Also known as
Comparison Question.
▶ =is used for comparative purposes with the relevant question.
▶ =designed to generate reactions from truthful subject.
▶ =questions that either relevant or irrelevant designed to established
response from an innocent subject. =further classified into primary
based on a known lie and secondary control question.
▶
81. ▶ General Question Test =consists of series of
relevant, irrelevant control questions in a
planned order. Developed by John E. Reid
82. ▶ . Peak of Tension Test =consists of only one
relevant and a series of irrelevant questions. =
resemble, in every general way, the card test,
for it consists essentially of the asking of a series
of question in which only one has any bearing
upon the matter under investigation.
▶ =padding questions before and after the
relevant questions.
▶
83. ▶ Relevant/Irrelevant Test =consists primarily
of series of irrelevant questions and
relevant question pertaining to the crime
under investigation. Developed by Keeler.
▶
84. ▶ Guilt Complex Test =used primarily for overly
responsive subjects.
▶ =a totally fictitious incident but a similar nature to
the matter being investigated and make him
believe it is real.
▶ =The purpose is to compare the response with those
response made concerning the actual matter
under investigation
▶
85. ▶ Silent Answer Test =Subject is instructed not to
give any verbal answer, the subject will only
answer in his mind.
▶ 6. Comparison Question Test (CQT) =the
reactions on the control and relevant questions
are compared via numerical scoring
▶
86. Limitation of polygraph
▶ Itis never substitute for an investigation but an invaluanle
investigative aid
▶ It is not only a lie detector but also a scientific diagnostics
instrument.
▶ Itis accurate as the examiner is competent
▶ Itrecords response which the subject knows to be true
▶ The test will not be given until enough facts of the case have been
establishedd to permit as examiner to prepare a complete set of
suitable questions.
▶ Test will not be given until the accusation have been explained to
the subject
87. Jurisprudence related to
admissibility of polygraph result in
evidence
▶ Frye vs US – the first appellate court decision upon admissibility
of the result of a deception test which was rendered in 1923 by the
US federal court. In this case the accused offered as evidence the
result of a marston systolic blood pressure test
▶ The court ruling –the thing from which any expert testimony us
deduced must be sufficiently established to have gained general
acceptance in the particular field in which it belongs
88. ▶ State vs broner- in this case, defense counsel
offered to prove that the results of a polygraph
examination established the truthfulness of the
defendants alibi to a robbery charge, which
offer the trial court refused.
89. ▶ In polygraph examination the term examination means a detection
of?
▶ a. Forgery
▶ b. emotion
▶ c. deception
▶ d. fear
ANS C
90. ▶ He is known as the first man who used the word polygraph?
▶ a. hans gross
▶ b. angelo mosso
▶ c. thomas jefferson
▶ d. cesare lombroso
ANS C
91. ▶ Itis also called TRUHT VERIFIER sice statistics show that is the vast
majority of the instances the instrument verifies an innocent person
truthfullness
▶ a. polygraph
▶ b. polygraphy
▶ c. monograph
▶ d. grapho
ANS A
92. ▶ What is the drug administered in narcoanalysis or narcosynthesis. It
is claimed that the drug causes depression of the inhibitory
mechanism of the brain and the subject talks freelu
▶ a. sodium amytal
▶ b. sodium pentothal
▶ c. Hyoscine hydro bromide
▶ d. a or b
ANS D
93. ▶ What are the bases of the polygraph theory that who on examiner is
lying he/she will react physiologically to the question during the test
▶ a. fear of being untruthful
▶ b. fear of detection
▶ c. fear of the unknown
▶ D, fear of deception
ANS B
94. ▶ An australian magistrate who describe the work of investigator as
search for truth
▶ a. dr paul kirk
▶ b. august vollmer
▶ c. dr hans gross
▶ d. Angelo mosso
ANS C
95. He i
s the person who devise an instrument than can record changes
of bood pressure, pulse beat and respiration simultaneously which he
call the breadboard lie detector
a. cesare lombroso
b. james mackenzie
c. john a larson
d. leonard keeler
ANS C
96. ▶ The person who made the first suggestion for using the psycho
galvanic reaction for detecting deception and he stated that
galvanic skin phenomenon is under the influence of exciting mental
impressions and the will has no effect upon it.
▶ a. veraguth
▶ b. sticker
▶ c. Vittorio bennussi
▶ d. Harold burt
ANS B
97. ▶ Which of the following is not included in the limitation of the
polygraph
▶ a. it is an invaluable investigative aid, but never substitute for an
investigation
▶ b. it is not a lie detector, it is a scientific diagnostic instrument
▶ c. it is admissible as evidence in court of justice
▶ d. it is only as accurate as the examiner is competent
ANS C
98. ▶ Which of the following is a major component of the polygraph
machine
▶ a. blood pressure cuff
▶ b. pen and inking system
▶ c. kymograph
▶ d. cardiosphygmograph
AND D
99. ▶ This is a galvanograph attachment section EXCEPT
▶ a. sets of electrodes
▶ b. stretched band
▶ c. electrodes jelly
▶ d. rubber tube
ANS D
100. ▶ An attachment of the cardiosphymograph which place above the
brachial artery
▶ a. arm cuff
▶ b. wrist cuff
▶ c. infant cuff
▶ d. Hand cuff
ANS a
101. ▶ Itis the scientific bases of the polygraph test which states that the
polygraph machine is an instrument capable of making records of
various human functioning simultaneously in a chart paper
▶ A, psychological premise
▶ b. physiological premise
▶ c. Mechanical premise
▶ d. psycho motor premise
ANS C
102. ▶ The size of the galvanograph pen is
▶ a. 5 inches
▶ b. 4 inches
▶ c. 7 inches
▶ d. 6 inches
ANS C
103. ▶ It is one where before the actual testing is done, the examiner must
first make an informal interview of the subject which may last from
20-30 mins
▶ a. initial interview
▶ b. pre test
▶ c. post test
▶ d. actual test
ANS B
104. ▶ It is designed to detect changes in respiration of the subject
▶ a. cardiosphygmograph
▶ b. pneumograph
▶ c. galvanograph
▶ d. kymograph
ANS B
105. ▶ Who determines the guilt of the subject in a polygraph test
▶ A, examiner
▶ B, judge
▶ C, prosecutor
▶ D, prober
ANS A
106. ▶ When the subject is higly nervous, what should the examiner do
▶ a. reschedule the examination
▶ b. prolong the period of the pretest interview
▶ c. call for a doctor or request for an ambulance
▶ d. do not continue with the pre test and ask the subject for his
available date for reschedule d
ANS B
107. ▶ What should be the mark place on a chart aper at the start of the
test
▶ a. X/60/1.5 A
▶ b. XX/60/1.5 A
▶ c. X/50/2.5 a
▶ d. XXX/60/2.5 A
ANS A
108. ▶ What should be the attitude of a polygraph examiner in confronting
subject in a polygraph test
▶ a. arrogant
▶ b. authoritative
▶ c. cordial but firm
▶ d. antagonistic
C
109. ▶ The polygraph char rolled paper has an average length of
▶ a. 100 yard
▶ b. 100 ft
▶ c. 100 meters
▶ d.100 kmd
B
110. ▶ Deviation from normal tracing
▶ a. normal response
▶ b. specific response
▶ c. fear
▶ d. death
b
111. ▶ Itis a type of question given to determine information known or the
subject posses regarding the crime or the criminal or his
whereabouts
▶ a. evidence connecting
▶ b. knowledge question
▶ c. sacrifice question
▶ d. relevant
B
112. ▶ Are those pertaining to basic data and information regarding the
background of the subject not related to the case but ask to
establish the normal response of the subject
▶ a. relevant
▶ b. irrelevant
▶ c. guilt complex
▶ d. Idon’t know
B
113. ▶ Isyour mother's name conchita? Iswhat kind of question
▶ a. relevant
▶ b. irrelevant
▶ c. control
▶ d. general question
B
114. ▶ Dei indicum means
▶ a. miracle cell no 7
▶ b. judgment of god
▶ c. miraculous decision
▶ d. stupid decision
C
115. ▶ Refers to the brief confrontation between the subject and the
polygraph examiner done every taking each chart
▶ a. initial interview
▶ b. pre-test interview
▶ c. chart probing
▶ d. post test
C
116. ▶ Which of these is designed to prove whether the polygraph subject
possesses information regarding the identity of the offender,
location of the evidence or other secondary element if the offender
under investigation
▶ a. control
▶ b. interrogation
▶ c. knowledge
▶ d. evidence connecting
C
117. Kymograph moves at a uniform rate of how many inches per minute
a. 7-10 inches
b. 13-14 inches
c. 6-12 inches
d. 10-12 inches
C
118. ▶ It is a part of pneumograph componenet which was attached to
the body of the body of the subject with the usual length of 10
inches
▶ a. beaded chain
▶ b. Finger electrode plate
▶ c. rubber convoluted tube
▶ d. blood pressure cuff
C
119. ▶ The following are disqualified to be subject of polygraph except
▶ a. Minor
▶ b. nervous
▶ c. imbecile
▶ d. psychopath
ANS B
120. ▶ The best way to conduct a thorough interview is for the investigation
to
▶ a. allow himself sufficient time for adjustment
▶ b. permit the interviewee to give narrative statement
▶ c. be guided by a pre arrange checklist
▶ d. devote adequate time for an interviewee evaluation
ANS c
121. ▶ This machine records the tiny voice modulation of the subject which
is inaudible to the normal heare
▶ a. eye tracker
▶ b. nystagmys
▶ c. spectography
▶ d. psychological stress evaluator
ANS D
