3. Characters of Agaricales
• Contain edible, poisonous, hallucinating and
bioluminescence fungi.
• Edible- Mushrooms,
• Poisonous- Toadstools (todestuhi- death chair)
• Majority are heterothallic
• Agaricales are often named as “gill fungi”
Panellus stipticus : Bioluminescence fungi
4. • Mycelium Septate with dolipore septum and
produces primary and secondary mycelium.
• Clamp connections are present.
• Basidia are single celled (holobasidia) with 4
basidiospores.
All members are saprophytic except Armillariella
Saprophytic
• Coprophilous – grow on dung
• Lignocolous- grow on wood
• Folicolous- grow on dead leaves
• Fungicolous- grow on other mushrooms
5. • Few species undergo asexual reproduction by
oidia (Coprinus) and Chlamydospores
(Volvariella)
• Armillariella mellae- produces rhizomorph.
10. Gill attachment to stalk
Gills
attached to
stipe for
their entire
length
Gills not
attached to
stipe
Decurrent:
Gills
extending
down to
stipe
Sinuate:
Gills
Typically
notched at
the point of
attachment
Gills Joining
the stem
for part of
the depth
when
mushroom
dries up, gills
and cap
attached to
stem are
pulled away
12. Gills/ Lamellae
• Situated inside the pileus
• starts from apex of the stipe
• Edges may be fimbriated or toothed
• Gills colour depends on colour of the spores
• Centre portion of gills is made of mycelial
thread- Trama
• Outside of Trama, mycelial branch into small
hyphal branches- Sub hymenium
13.
14. Hymenium contain a layer of
basidia intermingled with
Cystidia and paraphyses
Cystidia:
In between basidia, bladder
like projections beyond the
basidia
Paraphyses:
Sterile cells similar to basidia
16. • Agaricus bisporus is
an edible basidiomycete mushroom native
to grasslands in Europe and North America.
• It has two color states while immature—white
and brown—both of which have various
names.
17. • This mushroom may be known as (When
immature) - common mushroom, button
mushroom, cultivated mushroom, table
mushroom, crimini mushroom
and champignon mushroom.
• When mature- Swiss brown
mushroom, Roman brown mushroom, Italian
brown mushroom, cremini/crimini
mushroom, or chestnut mushroom
18. Agaricus sps
Basidiocarp- white to brown,
well defined stipe, pileus
Annulus present
Stalk readily separated from
cap.
Lamellae free, white when
young, darken in matured
stage.
19.
20. Pleurotus spp
• Oyster mushroom
• P. sajor caju
• P. eous
• P. florida
• P. djamor
• P. citrinopileatus
21. Fungus
Dikaryotic, hyaline, septate and
heterothallic
Shape of basidiocarp- shell, fan, spatula
Colour- white, cream, yellow, pink- climate
P. djamor P. florida P. sajor caju
23. Forms clusters of caps one above
the other.
Stipe eccentric to lateral
Gills are formed decurrently on
stipe
Single celled, brown colour oval
shaped basidiospores on club
shaped basidia
28. Armilleria mellea- shoestring root rot
• woody angiosperms (hardwoods) and
gymnosperms (conifers) in native forests,
planted forests, orchards, vineyards,
• Characters of bioluminscence
• Rhizomorph- A root-like aggregation of
hyphae in certain fungi.
