Radioactive pollution refers to the release of ionizing radiation into the environment from unstable atomic nuclei that decompose and release particles or rays. Key sources of radioactive pollution include nuclear accidents, mining, atomic bombs, and certain industrial and scientific uses of radioisotopes. Radioactive materials can accumulate up the food chain and negatively impact humans, plants, and animals by causing diseases, genetic damage, inhibited growth, and reduced yields. Preventive measures include limiting nuclear explosions and emissions, careful disposal of wastes, and shielding during work with radioisotopes.