This document provides an introduction to a lecture on fluid mechanics. It discusses key topics that will be covered, including the fundamentals of fluid mechanics, requirements for understanding fluid mechanics, the scope of applications for fluid mechanics, examples of fluids everywhere in daily life, definitions of fluids and the distinction between fluids and solids, the concept of velocity, and a brief summary of key points. Student assessment methods are also outlined.

1. Faculty of Engineering
Koya University

2. Introduction
Lecture 1
Sept. 2019

3. Contacts
 Jafar A Ali
E-mail: jafar.dalo@koyauniversity.org
Questions, doubts, etc. Tuesday 10.00 –
12.00.
Class Website
https://sites.google.com/a/koyauniversity.org/fmc5407-
class/classes
Lecture 1 3

4. Bibliography and Reference
 Coulson, J.M. and J.F. Richardson, “Chemical Engineering”,
Vol.I “ Fluid Flow, Heat Transfer, and Mass Transfer” 5th
edition, (1998).
 Holland, F.A. “Fluid Flow for Chemical Engineers” Arnold,
(1980).
 Shariff, A. “Hydaulics and Fluid Mechanics” Dhanpatrai and
Sons, (1987).
 Christi J. Geankoplis “Transport Processes and Unit Operations”
3rd edition Printice Hall International Ediitions, (1993).
 McCabe, W.L., Smith, J.C., and Harriott, P. “ Unit Operations of
Chemical Engineering” 6th edition McGraw-Hill International
Edition, (2001).
 Khurmi, R.S. “A Text Book of Fluid Mechanics” 4th edition
S.Chand & Company (Pvt.) LTD, (1987).
 Schum Serries Fluid Mechanics
Lecture 1 4

5. Student Assessment
No. Assessment Number % each % total Dates
Theoretical
1 Homework (HW), Quizzes(Q)
2 Semester 1
3 Semester 2
6 Final Exam (F)
Theoretical Total
Practical
Report for all Experiences
TEST 1
TEST 2
Final Exam
Practical Total
Overall Total ( Theoretical + Practical) 100
Lecture 1 5

6. Keys to mastering Fluid
Mechanics
 Learning the fundamentals: read and understand
the text
 Study material to be covered before it is
covered in class
 Working many problems
 Only by working many problems can you truly
understand the basic principles and how to
apply them
 Study sample problems until you can solve
them “closed book”
 Do the homework problems you have been
assigned
Lecture 1 6

7. Requirements
 Physics: Forces, Newton law and acceleration, kinetic
energy, momentum, fluxes
 Mathematics: derivative, integral, divergence,
gradient, vector internal and external products
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8. Scope of fluid mechanics
 Fluids: gases and liquids, air and
water most prevalent in daily
experience
 Examples:
 Flow in pipes and channels -- air and
blood in body
 Air resistance or drag -- wind
loading
 Projectile motion -- jets,
shock waves
 Lubrication --
combustion
 Irrigation -- sedimentation
 Meteorology -- oceanography
Lecture 1 8

9. Scope of fluid mechanics
 Where to use fluids mechanics?
 About everywhere...
 Used in the design of:
 Water supply system -- waste water treatment
 Dam spillways -- valves, flow meters
 Shock absorbers, brakes -- automatic transmissions
 Ships, submarines -- breakwaters, marinas
 Aircrafts, rockets -- computer disk drives
 Windmills, turbines -- pumps, oil indistries
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10. Fluids... Fluids... everywhere
 In rivers and streams
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11. Fluids... Fluids... everywhere
 A tornado ... an atmospheric vortex
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12. Fluids... Fluids... everywhere
 Air to breathe
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13. Fluids... Fluids... everywhere
 Mixing milk in coffee
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14. Fluids... Fluids... everywhere
 Water or gas in conduits ...
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15. Fluids... Fluids... everywhere
 Flow of air arround cars
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16. Fluids... Fluids... everywhere
 Flow in a artery
http://cnx.org/contents/03841c4c-9e9a-4822-95b2-12273c843a4e@3/Blood-Flow-
Blood-Pressure-and-
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17. Fluids... Fluids... everywhere
 Flow around a leaf
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18. What is a fluid?
 Is formed by molecules...
that move above 0 kelvin;
two classes of fluids, liquids and gases:
in gases molecules have free relative movement
in liquids molecules form groups with relative
free movement (allowing to get the shape of the
container) which dimension depends on
temperature (influencing their viscosity)
difference between a fluid and a solid is that in
the fluid the molecules can change their relative
positions allowing them to get the shape of the
containers;
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19. Distinction between fluids
and solids
 A fluid is defined as a substance
that deforms continuously when
acted by a shear stress of any
magnitude.
A shear stress (force per unit area) is
created whenever a tangencial force
acts on a surface
A shear stress aplied to a fluid will
result in motion of that fluid
 A solid can resist a shear stress by a
static deformation
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20. What is the velocity?

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21. Summary
 We know what is fluid Mechanics and
what is for;
 We know what is a fluid;
 We know what is velocity and the flux of
fluid;
 We know that Fluid Mechanics aims to
study flows and thus to know the velocity
distributions;
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