Lecture 1 by dr. vipul kumar
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This document discusses plant pathology and the symptoms and economic importance of plant diseases. It begins by defining plant pathology and explaining its objectives, which include studying the causes of diseases, mechanisms of disease development, and plant-pathogen interactions. It then discusses the concept of disease in plants and how diseases can interfere with processes like transpiration and photosynthesis. Economically, diseases can cause significant losses and change cropping systems, trade, and policy. The document concludes by defining and describing various plant disease symptoms, including chlorosis, necrosis, anthracnose, blight, canker, curling, damping off, downy mildew, gall, leaf spot, mosaic, phyllody, powdery mildew, ring spot
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Plant disease cycle
The document discusses the key components of plant disease development: the host, pathogen, environment, time, and human factors. It explains how their interactions are described by the disease triangle and pyramid models. Specifically, it outlines how each of these components - the characteristics of the plant host, pathogen, environment, and human activities - can influence the development and spread of plant diseases.
Introduction to-plant_pathology
The document discusses plant pathology and environmental impacts of plant diseases. It covers the main components involved in plant disease development including the host, pathogen, and environment. It then describes various types of plant pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes. It discusses symptoms, life cycles, and examples of diseases caused by each type of pathogen. It concludes with an overview of strategies for managing plant diseases, including cultural practices, host resistance, biological control, and other integrated pest management approaches.
Classification of plant diseases
This document discusses various ways that plant diseases can be classified, including by:
- Extent of infection in the plant (localized vs. systemic)
- Mode of infection and perpetuation (soil-borne, air-borne, seed-borne)
- Symptoms exhibited (rusts, smuts, rots, blights, etc.)
- Host plant affected (cereal, vegetable, fruit, forest, ornamental crops)
- Crop affected (wheat diseases, maize diseases, etc.)
- Plant organ attacked (roots, shoots, fruits, foliage)
- Pattern of occurrence and distribution (endemic, epidemic, sporadic, pandemic)
- Pathogen life cycle and
The Disease Cycle (Plant Disease)
A brief Power Point Presentation on disease cycle for students about their academics on professional level.
Content for this compilation (Power Point Presentation) was collected from Different sources: Internet, books, social media, research papers, websites etc. and acknowledged all these sources to provide such a helpful content.
This Presentation was prepared and presented during Bachelors In Agriculture (Session 2014-2018) at "University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur (Pakistan)" as an Assignment on the topic of "The Disease Cycle" with the collaboration of Student fellows Muhammad Amir Shehzad and Muhammad Farhan.
I hope, content might be helpful for student on academic level.
Best Regards
Muhammad Raza Ullah Tariq
classification of plants Diseases
This document discusses the classification of plant diseases. There are four main ways to classify plant diseases: by causal organism, type of plant affected, symptoms, and occurrence. Common causal organisms are viruses, bacteria, fungi, and nematodes. Plant diseases can also be classified based on the type of crops affected or symptoms exhibited such as rusts, smuts, and mildews. The occurrence of diseases can be endemic, epidemic, or sporadic.
plant disease development
This document discusses plant disease development. It begins by outlining the objectives and topics to be covered, which include the disease triangle, factors for successful disease development, and stages of disease development. The disease triangle requires the presence of a susceptible host, virulent pathogen, and favorable environment. The factors for disease development include the properties of the pathogen, host, and environment. The stages of disease development are inoculation, penetration, infection, growth and reproduction of the pathogen, and dissemination of the pathogen.
Plant disease and its importance
This document discusses plant diseases, their importance, causes, and principles of disease control. It notes that plant diseases have impacted humanity throughout history, causing famines from crop losses of 30-50% in some areas. Environmental factors like temperature, humidity, soil properties, and nutrients can influence disease development. Control methods aim to exclude, eradicate, or protect against pathogens using practices like sanitation, crop rotation, and regulating the environment, along with developing host resistance. The key message is that prayer and respecting one's mother are more protective than any security.
Disease cycle in plant diseases
This includes detailed explanation with examples on diseases, disease cycle, its importance to study, types of disease cycle and pathogenesis including its components, like, means of survival, dispersal of the plant pathogens, inoculation, type of inoculum, pre-penetration, penetration including different means of entry of pathogens, post-penetration activities of the pathogens inside the plant host and its exit from the host.
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Plant disease cycle
The document discusses the key components of plant disease development: the host, pathogen, environment, time, and human factors. It explains how their interactions are described by the disease triangle and pyramid models. Specifically, it outlines how each of these components - the characteristics of the plant host, pathogen, environment, and human activities - can influence the development and spread of plant diseases.
Introduction to-plant_pathology
The document discusses plant pathology and environmental impacts of plant diseases. It covers the main components involved in plant disease development including the host, pathogen, and environment. It then describes various types of plant pathogens such as fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes. It discusses symptoms, life cycles, and examples of diseases caused by each type of pathogen. It concludes with an overview of strategies for managing plant diseases, including cultural practices, host resistance, biological control, and other integrated pest management approaches.
Classification of plant diseases
This document discusses various ways that plant diseases can be classified, including by:
- Extent of infection in the plant (localized vs. systemic)
- Mode of infection and perpetuation (soil-borne, air-borne, seed-borne)
- Symptoms exhibited (rusts, smuts, rots, blights, etc.)
- Host plant affected (cereal, vegetable, fruit, forest, ornamental crops)
- Crop affected (wheat diseases, maize diseases, etc.)
- Plant organ attacked (roots, shoots, fruits, foliage)
- Pattern of occurrence and distribution (endemic, epidemic, sporadic, pandemic)
- Pathogen life cycle and
The Disease Cycle (Plant Disease)
A brief Power Point Presentation on disease cycle for students about their academics on professional level.
Content for this compilation (Power Point Presentation) was collected from Different sources: Internet, books, social media, research papers, websites etc. and acknowledged all these sources to provide such a helpful content.
This Presentation was prepared and presented during Bachelors In Agriculture (Session 2014-2018) at "University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Baghdad-ul-Jadeed Campus, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur (Pakistan)" as an Assignment on the topic of "The Disease Cycle" with the collaboration of Student fellows Muhammad Amir Shehzad and Muhammad Farhan.
I hope, content might be helpful for student on academic level.
Best Regards
Muhammad Raza Ullah Tariq
classification of plants Diseases
This document discusses the classification of plant diseases. There are four main ways to classify plant diseases: by causal organism, type of plant affected, symptoms, and occurrence. Common causal organisms are viruses, bacteria, fungi, and nematodes. Plant diseases can also be classified based on the type of crops affected or symptoms exhibited such as rusts, smuts, and mildews. The occurrence of diseases can be endemic, epidemic, or sporadic.
plant disease development
This document discusses plant disease development. It begins by outlining the objectives and topics to be covered, which include the disease triangle, factors for successful disease development, and stages of disease development. The disease triangle requires the presence of a susceptible host, virulent pathogen, and favorable environment. The factors for disease development include the properties of the pathogen, host, and environment. The stages of disease development are inoculation, penetration, infection, growth and reproduction of the pathogen, and dissemination of the pathogen.
Plant disease and its importance
This document discusses plant diseases, their importance, causes, and principles of disease control. It notes that plant diseases have impacted humanity throughout history, causing famines from crop losses of 30-50% in some areas. Environmental factors like temperature, humidity, soil properties, and nutrients can influence disease development. Control methods aim to exclude, eradicate, or protect against pathogens using practices like sanitation, crop rotation, and regulating the environment, along with developing host resistance. The key message is that prayer and respecting one's mother are more protective than any security.
Disease cycle in plant diseases
This includes detailed explanation with examples on diseases, disease cycle, its importance to study, types of disease cycle and pathogenesis including its components, like, means of survival, dispersal of the plant pathogens, inoculation, type of inoculum, pre-penetration, penetration including different means of entry of pathogens, post-penetration activities of the pathogens inside the plant host and its exit from the host.
Clasification of plant diesesea
Plant diseases can be classified as either non-parasitic or parasitic. Non-parasitic diseases are caused by environmental factors like temperature, water, or mechanical injury. Parasitic diseases are caused by living agents like fungi, bacteria, viruses, or parasitic plants and algae. These agents infect the host plant and cause damage. Common parasitic diseases are caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, parasitic plants like mistletoes, and few parasitic algae. Parasitic diseases can be further classified as endemic, epidemic, or sporadic based on their occurrence and spread.
Classification of plant diseases based on causative organism
Plant diseases can be classified as either infectious or non-infectious. Non-infectious diseases are caused by non-living factors like temperature, soil moisture, or pollution and result in physiological disorders. Infectious diseases are caused by living pathogenic organisms like viruses, bacteria, fungi, mycoplasma, or algae that can be transmitted from plant to plant. These organisms use different pathogenicity factors like toxins, cell-degrading enzymes, or phytohormones to infect plants and cause disease.
Infection, Invasion, Growth and Reproduction of pathogen
This document discusses the infection, invasion, growth, and reproduction of plant pathogens. It describes how pathogens infect plants through various means such as intracellularly or intercellularly. Successful infections result in symptoms. The incubation period is the time between inoculation and symptom appearance, which depends on factors like the pathogen-host combination and environment. Pathogens invade tissues and spread systematically or locally within the plant. They continue growing and branching out indefinitely. Pathogens reproduce through various means like spores, fission, or eggs. Reproduction rates vary greatly between pathogen types but large numbers can be produced rapidly, facilitating widespread infection.
Introduction to Plant Pathology
This document provides an introduction to plant pathology. It defines a plant disease and explains that diseases are caused by living pathogens including fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes interacting with a susceptible host plant under favorable environmental conditions. The disease cycle is described as the progression of a pathogen from its inoculum source to infecting a host, spreading within the host, and surviving to infect future hosts. Key phases include inoculum production, spread to the host, penetration and infection of the host, and pathogen survival between growing seasons.
Plant diseases
The document provides information on plant diseases including definitions, types of diseases, symptoms, and control methods. It discusses infectious versus non-infectious diseases. Infectious diseases are caused by living organisms and require a pathogen, susceptible host, and favorable environment. Non-infectious diseases do not require a living pathogen and can be caused by environmental factors like temperature, water levels, or mineral deficiencies. Common plant pathogens include bacteria, fungi, viruses, nematodes, and parasitic plants. Symptoms and signs of diseases are described along with disease diagnosis and various control strategies.
Classification of plant diseases
This document discusses different ways of classifying plant diseases. It can be classified based on the plant part affected (localized or systemic), perpetuation and spread (soil-borne, seed-borne, or air-borne), signs and symptoms (rusts, smuts, powdery mildews, etc.), host plants affected (cereal crops, forage crops, etc.), causal organism (fungal, bacterial, viral, etc.), occurrence (endemic, epidemic, sporadic, or pandemic), and pathogen generation (monocyclic, polycyclic, or polyetic). The classification systems provide ways of categorizing diseases based on factors like anatomy, life cycle, transmission, symptoms and epidemiology.
B.sc agriculture i principles of plant pathology u 1.3 introduction to plant ...
The infection process of plant pathogens can be divided into three phases: pre-entry, entry, and colonization. In pre-entry, a spore must germinate and find the host. Entry involves the pathogen penetrating the plant surface directly or through openings. Colonization establishes a parasitic relationship where the pathogen feeds within host tissues as either a biotroph, necrotroph, or hemibiotroph. Successful infection depends on the pathogen, host, and environment, and disrupts various plant processes.
B.sc agriculture i principles of plant pathology u 1.2 introduction to plant ...
This document discusses different ways of classifying plant diseases. It covers:
1) Localized vs systemic diseases based on infection type. Localized are limited to an area while systemic infect most tissues.
2) Soil, seed, and airborne diseases based on how the causal agent is spread.
3) Endemic, epidemic, sporadic, and pandemic diseases based on occurrence patterns and severity. Endemic diseases constantly occur at low levels while epidemics have sudden severe outbreaks.
4) Simple vs compound interest diseases based on multiplication of inoculum. Compound interest diseases have multiple reproduction cycles allowing fast spread.
Introduction to plant pathology
This document discusses plant pathology and the development of plant diseases. It explains that plant diseases result from pathogens or environmental factors that interfere with plant physiology. The plant disease triangle identifies the three main factors for disease development - a susceptible host, a virulent pathogen, and a favorable environment. It also discusses Mazz's disease pyramid, which expands on these factors and includes time and human involvement. Key aspects that influence disease development are described, including host factors, pathogen factors, environmental factors, and the general stages of disease progression.
Plant Disease Identification and Life Cycle
The chain of events that leads to the development of a disease is called the disease cycle – which may be different to the pathogen's life cycle. The incidence and severity of the majority of plant diseases vary on a distinct cyclic basis.
Plant Disease Epidemiology- A lecture for MS students (BAU)
This document provides an introduction to the course PPATH 503: Epidemiology and Forecasting of plant disease. It defines key epidemiological concepts such as epidemic, epidemiology, monocyclic and polycyclic pathogens. It discusses how host, pathogen and environmental factors influence disease development. It also examines the history of epidemiology from ancient times to modern developments. Disease progress curves and mathematical modeling of epidemics are introduced.
Factors affecting plant disease epidemics
The document discusses factors that affect plant disease epidemics. It describes the disease triangle of host, pathogen, and environment interacting to cause disease. It further expands the triangle to the disease tetrahedron with the addition of time and human factors. Key factors discussed for each element include the susceptibility and genetics of host plants, the virulence and life cycle of pathogens, and the role of temperature, humidity and other environmental conditions in supporting pathogen survival and spread. The concepts of epidemiology, plant disease forecasting, and remote sensing in detecting and monitoring diseases are also summarized.
Classification of plant disease
This document discusses the classification of plant diseases. It can be classified based on the cause, occurrence and dispersal, parts of the host affected, symptoms, and pathogenicity. The main types of classification are by infectious versus non-infectious cause, endemic versus epidemic occurrence, foliage versus stem versus root effects, and parasitic versus non-parasitic pathogenicity. Specific diseases discussed include blight, mildew, rust, smut, rot, and canker.
Introduction to plant pathology
This document provides an overview of plant pathology and the factors involved in plant disease development. It discusses the main types of plant pathogens including fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes and environmental factors. It describes how pathogens infect plants and cause disease symptoms. It also summarizes strategies for managing plant diseases, such as sanitation, fungicides, host plant resistance, crop rotation, cultural practices, temperature control, and biological control. The overall document provides a comprehensive introduction to the concepts of plant pathology.
Classification of plant disease
This document summarizes different ways to classify plant diseases. It discusses classification based on the affected plant part, type of pathogen, mode of spread, host plant, occurrence pattern, and more. The key classifications mentioned are by localized vs. systemic effect on the host plant, symptoms/signs shown, part of plant affected such as roots, stems or foliage, host type like field crops or fruits, and whether the pathogen is seed, soil or air-borne. Common examples are provided for each classification type.
Classification of plant diseases
This document discusses the classification of plant diseases. It outlines several ways plant diseases can be classified, including by the type of infection (localized or systemic), part of the host affected (foliage, stem, root), symptoms produced (root rot, leaf spot, etc.), method of perpetuation and spread (soil-borne, seed-borne, air-borne), extent of occurrence and geographic distribution (endemic, epidemic, pandemic), multiplication of the inoculum (simple or compound interest), and the causal agent (fungi, protozoa, algae, insects, nematodes, etc.). It provides examples for many of the classification types. The document concludes with a short quiz related to plant disease classification.
Classification of plant diseases
This document classifies plant diseases in several ways:
1. By type of infection (localized vs. systemic), type of perpetuation and spread (airborne, seedborne, soilborne, vectorborne), occurrence and geographic distribution (endemic, epidemic, sporadic, pandemic), multiplication of inoculum (simple vs. compound interest), causal agents (biotic vs. abiotic), host plant infected, parts of plants affected, and symptoms produced.
It also defines different types of disease occurrences: endemic (constantly occurring at low levels), epidemic (sudden widespread outbreaks), pandemic (epidemic that spreads across continents), and sporadic (occur irregularly in limited areas).
Causes of plants disease
Abiotic and biotic factors can cause plant diseases. Abiotic factors include nutrient abnormalities, pesticide exposure, environmental pollution, temperature extremes, moisture issues, and light levels. Biotic factors are living organisms like fungi, bacteria, nematodes, viruses, and parasitic plants. Common symptoms of diseases caused by these factors include chlorosis, leaf curling, root knots, and mosaic patterns. Nutrient deficiencies or toxicities can result in yellowing. Pesticide drift may cause leaf cupping. Fungi, bacteria, nematodes, viruses, and parasitic plants can infect and damage various plant parts through their different life cycles and modes of transmission.
Plant disease
Plant diseases have impacted humanity throughout history by reducing crop yields and sometimes causing famines. Major outbreaks include the Irish potato famine of 1845-1860. Environmental factors like temperature, humidity, and soil properties influence disease development. Symptoms vary but include wilting, discoloration, and rotting. Effective disease control relies on exclusion, eradication of the pathogen, and protection of the plant through cultural practices and chemicals.
plant pathology introduction.pptx
HI there
Myself Sadia Helen Shithila.
Currently I am studying in Faculty of agriculture, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh . This is the Introductory part of Course plant pathology topic plant pathogen.
Hope,it will help you.
Powerpoint Presentation (FFV).pptx
Plant Pathology is the study of diseases that affect plants. It involves studying the causes, mechanisms, and control of plant diseases. The document discusses key topics in plant pathology including disease cycles, types of pathogens and inoculum, modes of dissemination, and the relationship between disease cycles and epidemics. It provides definitions and examples of important terminology used in plant pathology.
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Clasification of plant diesesea
Plant diseases can be classified as either non-parasitic or parasitic. Non-parasitic diseases are caused by environmental factors like temperature, water, or mechanical injury. Parasitic diseases are caused by living agents like fungi, bacteria, viruses, or parasitic plants and algae. These agents infect the host plant and cause damage. Common parasitic diseases are caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses, parasitic plants like mistletoes, and few parasitic algae. Parasitic diseases can be further classified as endemic, epidemic, or sporadic based on their occurrence and spread.
Classification of plant diseases based on causative organism
Plant diseases can be classified as either infectious or non-infectious. Non-infectious diseases are caused by non-living factors like temperature, soil moisture, or pollution and result in physiological disorders. Infectious diseases are caused by living pathogenic organisms like viruses, bacteria, fungi, mycoplasma, or algae that can be transmitted from plant to plant. These organisms use different pathogenicity factors like toxins, cell-degrading enzymes, or phytohormones to infect plants and cause disease.
Infection, Invasion, Growth and Reproduction of pathogen
This document discusses the infection, invasion, growth, and reproduction of plant pathogens. It describes how pathogens infect plants through various means such as intracellularly or intercellularly. Successful infections result in symptoms. The incubation period is the time between inoculation and symptom appearance, which depends on factors like the pathogen-host combination and environment. Pathogens invade tissues and spread systematically or locally within the plant. They continue growing and branching out indefinitely. Pathogens reproduce through various means like spores, fission, or eggs. Reproduction rates vary greatly between pathogen types but large numbers can be produced rapidly, facilitating widespread infection.
Introduction to Plant Pathology
This document provides an introduction to plant pathology. It defines a plant disease and explains that diseases are caused by living pathogens including fungi, bacteria, viruses, and nematodes interacting with a susceptible host plant under favorable environmental conditions. The disease cycle is described as the progression of a pathogen from its inoculum source to infecting a host, spreading within the host, and surviving to infect future hosts. Key phases include inoculum production, spread to the host, penetration and infection of the host, and pathogen survival between growing seasons.
Plant diseases
The document provides information on plant diseases including definitions, types of diseases, symptoms, and control methods. It discusses infectious versus non-infectious diseases. Infectious diseases are caused by living organisms and require a pathogen, susceptible host, and favorable environment. Non-infectious diseases do not require a living pathogen and can be caused by environmental factors like temperature, water levels, or mineral deficiencies. Common plant pathogens include bacteria, fungi, viruses, nematodes, and parasitic plants. Symptoms and signs of diseases are described along with disease diagnosis and various control strategies.
Classification of plant diseases
This document discusses different ways of classifying plant diseases. It can be classified based on the plant part affected (localized or systemic), perpetuation and spread (soil-borne, seed-borne, or air-borne), signs and symptoms (rusts, smuts, powdery mildews, etc.), host plants affected (cereal crops, forage crops, etc.), causal organism (fungal, bacterial, viral, etc.), occurrence (endemic, epidemic, sporadic, or pandemic), and pathogen generation (monocyclic, polycyclic, or polyetic). The classification systems provide ways of categorizing diseases based on factors like anatomy, life cycle, transmission, symptoms and epidemiology.
B.sc agriculture i principles of plant pathology u 1.3 introduction to plant ...
The infection process of plant pathogens can be divided into three phases: pre-entry, entry, and colonization. In pre-entry, a spore must germinate and find the host. Entry involves the pathogen penetrating the plant surface directly or through openings. Colonization establishes a parasitic relationship where the pathogen feeds within host tissues as either a biotroph, necrotroph, or hemibiotroph. Successful infection depends on the pathogen, host, and environment, and disrupts various plant processes.
B.sc agriculture i principles of plant pathology u 1.2 introduction to plant ...
This document discusses different ways of classifying plant diseases. It covers:
1) Localized vs systemic diseases based on infection type. Localized are limited to an area while systemic infect most tissues.
2) Soil, seed, and airborne diseases based on how the causal agent is spread.
3) Endemic, epidemic, sporadic, and pandemic diseases based on occurrence patterns and severity. Endemic diseases constantly occur at low levels while epidemics have sudden severe outbreaks.
4) Simple vs compound interest diseases based on multiplication of inoculum. Compound interest diseases have multiple reproduction cycles allowing fast spread.
Introduction to plant pathology
This document discusses plant pathology and the development of plant diseases. It explains that plant diseases result from pathogens or environmental factors that interfere with plant physiology. The plant disease triangle identifies the three main factors for disease development - a susceptible host, a virulent pathogen, and a favorable environment. It also discusses Mazz's disease pyramid, which expands on these factors and includes time and human involvement. Key aspects that influence disease development are described, including host factors, pathogen factors, environmental factors, and the general stages of disease progression.
Plant Disease Identification and Life Cycle
The chain of events that leads to the development of a disease is called the disease cycle – which may be different to the pathogen's life cycle. The incidence and severity of the majority of plant diseases vary on a distinct cyclic basis.
Plant Disease Epidemiology- A lecture for MS students (BAU)
This document provides an introduction to the course PPATH 503: Epidemiology and Forecasting of plant disease. It defines key epidemiological concepts such as epidemic, epidemiology, monocyclic and polycyclic pathogens. It discusses how host, pathogen and environmental factors influence disease development. It also examines the history of epidemiology from ancient times to modern developments. Disease progress curves and mathematical modeling of epidemics are introduced.
Factors affecting plant disease epidemics
The document discusses factors that affect plant disease epidemics. It describes the disease triangle of host, pathogen, and environment interacting to cause disease. It further expands the triangle to the disease tetrahedron with the addition of time and human factors. Key factors discussed for each element include the susceptibility and genetics of host plants, the virulence and life cycle of pathogens, and the role of temperature, humidity and other environmental conditions in supporting pathogen survival and spread. The concepts of epidemiology, plant disease forecasting, and remote sensing in detecting and monitoring diseases are also summarized.
Classification of plant disease
This document discusses the classification of plant diseases. It can be classified based on the cause, occurrence and dispersal, parts of the host affected, symptoms, and pathogenicity. The main types of classification are by infectious versus non-infectious cause, endemic versus epidemic occurrence, foliage versus stem versus root effects, and parasitic versus non-parasitic pathogenicity. Specific diseases discussed include blight, mildew, rust, smut, rot, and canker.
Introduction to plant pathology
This document provides an overview of plant pathology and the factors involved in plant disease development. It discusses the main types of plant pathogens including fungi, bacteria, viruses, nematodes and environmental factors. It describes how pathogens infect plants and cause disease symptoms. It also summarizes strategies for managing plant diseases, such as sanitation, fungicides, host plant resistance, crop rotation, cultural practices, temperature control, and biological control. The overall document provides a comprehensive introduction to the concepts of plant pathology.
Classification of plant disease
This document summarizes different ways to classify plant diseases. It discusses classification based on the affected plant part, type of pathogen, mode of spread, host plant, occurrence pattern, and more. The key classifications mentioned are by localized vs. systemic effect on the host plant, symptoms/signs shown, part of plant affected such as roots, stems or foliage, host type like field crops or fruits, and whether the pathogen is seed, soil or air-borne. Common examples are provided for each classification type.
Classification of plant diseases
This document discusses the classification of plant diseases. It outlines several ways plant diseases can be classified, including by the type of infection (localized or systemic), part of the host affected (foliage, stem, root), symptoms produced (root rot, leaf spot, etc.), method of perpetuation and spread (soil-borne, seed-borne, air-borne), extent of occurrence and geographic distribution (endemic, epidemic, pandemic), multiplication of the inoculum (simple or compound interest), and the causal agent (fungi, protozoa, algae, insects, nematodes, etc.). It provides examples for many of the classification types. The document concludes with a short quiz related to plant disease classification.
Classification of plant diseases
This document classifies plant diseases in several ways:
1. By type of infection (localized vs. systemic), type of perpetuation and spread (airborne, seedborne, soilborne, vectorborne), occurrence and geographic distribution (endemic, epidemic, sporadic, pandemic), multiplication of inoculum (simple vs. compound interest), causal agents (biotic vs. abiotic), host plant infected, parts of plants affected, and symptoms produced.
It also defines different types of disease occurrences: endemic (constantly occurring at low levels), epidemic (sudden widespread outbreaks), pandemic (epidemic that spreads across continents), and sporadic (occur irregularly in limited areas).
Causes of plants disease
Abiotic and biotic factors can cause plant diseases. Abiotic factors include nutrient abnormalities, pesticide exposure, environmental pollution, temperature extremes, moisture issues, and light levels. Biotic factors are living organisms like fungi, bacteria, nematodes, viruses, and parasitic plants. Common symptoms of diseases caused by these factors include chlorosis, leaf curling, root knots, and mosaic patterns. Nutrient deficiencies or toxicities can result in yellowing. Pesticide drift may cause leaf cupping. Fungi, bacteria, nematodes, viruses, and parasitic plants can infect and damage various plant parts through their different life cycles and modes of transmission.
Plant disease
Plant diseases have impacted humanity throughout history by reducing crop yields and sometimes causing famines. Major outbreaks include the Irish potato famine of 1845-1860. Environmental factors like temperature, humidity, and soil properties influence disease development. Symptoms vary but include wilting, discoloration, and rotting. Effective disease control relies on exclusion, eradication of the pathogen, and protection of the plant through cultural practices and chemicals.
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plant pathology introduction.pptx
HI there
Myself Sadia Helen Shithila.
Currently I am studying in Faculty of agriculture, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh . This is the Introductory part of Course plant pathology topic plant pathogen.
Hope,it will help you.
Powerpoint Presentation (FFV).pptx
Plant Pathology is the study of diseases that affect plants. It involves studying the causes, mechanisms, and control of plant diseases. The document discusses key topics in plant pathology including disease cycles, types of pathogens and inoculum, modes of dissemination, and the relationship between disease cycles and epidemics. It provides definitions and examples of important terminology used in plant pathology.
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This document provides an overview of basic procedures for diagnosing plant diseases. It discusses the main types of plant diseases which are infectious diseases caused by pathogens and non-infectious diseases caused by environmental factors. For infectious diseases, it describes the signs and symptoms of diseases caused by fungi, bacteria, parasitic plants, nematodes, viruses, and mollicutes. It also discusses procedures for identifying the causal pathogens and key signs and symptoms.
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Plant pathology is the study of diseases that affect plants. The document outlines key concepts in plant pathology including definitions of plant disease, the disease triangle, classification of diseases, and causes of infectious and non-infectious diseases. It also discusses the objectives and importance of plant pathology, summarizing that plant pathology aims to study the causes and mechanisms of disease, epidemiology, and develop management strategies, in order to reduce losses from diseases and meet global food needs.
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- 1. Unit I:Pathogenesis, DiseaseUnit I:Pathogenesis, Disease development and Epidemiologydevelopment and Epidemiology Economic importance of plantEconomic importance of plant diseases and theirdiseases and their symptomatologysymptomatology Dr. Vipul KumarDr. Vipul Kumar Assistant ProfessorAssistant Professor Lovely Professional University,Lovely Professional University, JalandharJalandhar
- 2. Content:Content: What is plant pathology?What is plant pathology? Why Plant Pathology?Why Plant Pathology? Objectives of Plant pathologyObjectives of Plant pathology What is disease?What is disease? Concept of disease in plantConcept of disease in plant Economic importance ofEconomic importance of plant diseasesplant diseases
- 3. WHY PLANT PATHOLOGY?WHY PLANT PATHOLOGY?
- 4. Estimated annual loss worldwide-36.5% Diseases - 14.1%
- 5. Definition: Cause of the disease Resulting losses and Management of plant diseases
- 6. Objectives of Plant pathologyObjectives of Plant pathology
- 7. 1.To study causes of diseases or disorders 2. To study the mechanism(s) of disease development by pathogens 3. To study the plant (host)-pathogen interaction in relation to environment 4. To develop methods of management of plant diseases
- 8. What is disease?What is disease?
- 9. According to APS : Disease is a malfunctioning process that is caused by continuous irritation which results in suffering producing symptoms in the plant
- 10. Concept of disease in plantConcept of disease in plant
- 11. • Interference with the translocation of water and minerals • Interference with photosynthesis • A disease that appears as black, sunken, leaf, stem or fruit lesions.
- 12. Economic Importance of PlantEconomic Importance of Plant DiseasesDiseases
- 13. Change the food habit Change the cropping system May cause financial losses Change the trade Change the policy Change the economic status
- 14. May make plants poisonous to humans and animals Ergot LSD-widely used as a hallucinogen Aflatoxin
- 16. Chlorosis Necrosis Anthracnose Blight Canker Curling Damping off Downy mildew Gall Leaf spot Mosaic Phyllody Powdery mildew Ring spot Rot Rust Scab Smut Wilt
- 17. Chlorosis: Yellowing of normally green tissues due to chlorophyll destruction . Necrosis: Death of plant tissues .
- 18. Anthracnose: means ‘ ulcer’ due to presence of ulcer like lesions .
- 19. Blight : means burnt appearances. Blight refers to the sudden death of a plant or a plant organ including foliage.
- 20. Bunt: A disease in which contents of grains are replaced by odorous smut spores.
- 21. Canker: A necrotic, often sunken lesion on a stem, fruit, branch or twig of a plant.
- 22. Curling: A disease in which margins of leaves roll or curl inside and rolling starts from lower leafs and they become hard and leathery. .
- 23. Damping off: Destruction of seedlings near the soil line (collar region), resulting in the seedlings falling over on the ground.
- 24. Downy mildew: A plant disease in which the sporangiophores and spores of a fungus appear as a downy growth on the lower surface of leaves, stems and fruits etc.
- 25. Gall: A swelling or overgrowth produced on plant parts as result of infection by certain pathogens.
- 26. Leaf spot: A self-limiting lesion on a leaf.
- 27. Mosaic: Symptoms of certain viral diseases of plants characterized by intermingled patches of normal and light green or yellowish color.
- 28. Powdery mildew: A disease in which the mycelium and spores of the fungus are seen as a whitish growth on the host surface. Superficial growth of the fungus.
- 29. Phyllody: It is disease syndrome involving transformation of floral organ into leaf like structure.
- 30. Ring spot: A circular area of chlorosis with a green center; a symptom of many virus diseases..
- 31. Rot: The softening, discoloration and often disintegration of a succulent plant tissue. .
- 32. Rust pustules: pustules may be of whitish colour in white rust or may be red in red rust. .
- 33. Scab: A roughened, crust-like diseased area on the surface of a plant organ.
- 34. Smut: refers to the charcoal like powder or sooty powder. .
- 35. Wilt: Loss of rigidity and drooping of plant parts, generally caused by insufficient water in the plant.