Smart grids & smart meters allow for two-way communication between utilities and customers. They provide benefits like improved revenue management, reduced meter reading costs, and enhanced customer service. Smart metering is part of the evolution of advanced metering infrastructure and is a key component of enabling smart grid functionality, which includes demand response, outage management, and integrating distributed renewable energy resources and electric vehicles. However, smart grid development faces obstacles around costs, privacy concerns, and ensuring benefits are delivered to customers.
This presentation contains the information with regard to the scalability and replicability analysis performed in InteGrid (H2020 project) in addition to the replication roadmap and best practices (recommendations) identified.
Demand Response workshop - Powering SydneyTransGrid AU
The workshop held on 25 September 2014 brought together a range of organisations and experts to explore demand response as a possible initiative to form part of the solution for the Powering Sydney’s Future Project.
Introduce Smart Grid Technologies to improve and utilize renewable energy resources in generating green electricity energy also provide an overview for IEEE standards in Smart Grid Technologies .
This presentation contains the information with regard to the scalability and replicability analysis performed in InteGrid (H2020 project) in addition to the replication roadmap and best practices (recommendations) identified.
Demand Response workshop - Powering SydneyTransGrid AU
The workshop held on 25 September 2014 brought together a range of organisations and experts to explore demand response as a possible initiative to form part of the solution for the Powering Sydney’s Future Project.
Introduce Smart Grid Technologies to improve and utilize renewable energy resources in generating green electricity energy also provide an overview for IEEE standards in Smart Grid Technologies .
Que importante es conocer acerca del poder de su Diestra de Dios, que vence a nuestros enemigos y que sobretodo es nuestro refugio, veamos que se nos dice a la luz de la Palabra.
La santa cena es sentarse a la mesa con Jesús, recibir del pan y el vino, compartir con el padre y ser uno con él a partir de nuestra decisión de vivir en santidad para agradarle a él.
Apóstol Said Bechara
07/04/2016
Iglesia Apostólica Tierra Fértil
Cra. 45 No. 82 - 213
Barranquilla - Colombia
@iglesiatierrafertil
comunicacionestierrafertil@gmail.com
Para Donaciones Internacionales:
Bank Of América Cuenta de Cheques #898053281512 o Cuenta de Ahorros # 898050252117.
En Colombia BanColombia # 40457667822.
Escrito de calificación de la fiscalía, contra los directivos de Afinsa. Se basa en el auto de proceamiento del juez Santiago Pedraz, basado, a su vez, en el informe de dos peritos judiciales de la Agencia Tributaria
Smart Grid is an automated, widely distributed energy delivery network characterized by a two-way flow of electricity and information, capable of monitoring and responding to changes in everything from power plants to customer preferences to individual appliances.
Flexible energy: the value of demand responseCGI Nederland
Het Koninklijk Instituut Van Ingenieurs (KIVI) organiseerde op 12 november het Jaarcongres Stad in de Delta. Daarbij stond de toekomst van steden aan de kust centraal: hoe zorgen we ervoor dat deze steden droog, leefbaar, duurzaam, veilig en bereikbaar blijven? Een complexe vraag, waarbij slimme ICT-oplossingen een grote spelen. Niet vreemd dus dat CGI bij dit congres een presentatie mocht houden. Joris Knigge ging tijdens deze presentatie op de vraag waarom we nu al moeten ‘voorsorteren’ op de komst van nieuwe slimmere energienetwerken. Een van de redenen hiervoor is dat het elektriciteitsgebruik de komende jaren gaat stijgen, onder meer als gevolg van het grotere aanbod aan elektrische vervoermiddelen. Dat levert naast uitdagingen ook kansen op. Want hoe beter de balans tussen vraag en aanbod, des te betaalbaarder wordt energie. Een overschot aan zonne-energie rond het middaguur zou bijvoorbeeld heel goed geabsorbeerd kunnen worden door elektrische auto’s.
smart grid is not a single concept but rather a combination of technologies and methods intended to modernize the existing grid in order to improve flexibility, availability, energy efficiency, and costs
At the 2021 North Carolina Electric Meter School, Tom Lawton gave the Opening Keynote on smart meters and the increasingly important role the meter is playing in the smart grid.
An embedded system's input devices have quite limited capabilities. Since there won't be an input device or mouse, as there are in computer systems, interacting with the embedded system won't be simple. Input devices for user interaction are absent from numerous embedded systems used in process control. They receive input from transmitters or detectors that will generate electrical signals which are fed to other mechanisms.
The capabilities of the embedded systems' external devices are also extremely constrained. A few LEDs may be present in some embedded systems to show the modules' overall health or to signal alarms visually. Some important aspects may also be displayed on LCDs.Embedded systems are widely used in a variety of industries. Due to the wide range of applications for these systems, the embedded system market is one of the most dynamic.
Consumer devices, process automation, medical technology, wireless and data communication, the military, automotive, and aerospace, as well as household appliances are all examples of this.
"Next Gen Grid Tech Commercialization" for Duke University Energy Initiative ...Josh Gould
Guest lecture on "Next Gen Grid Tech Commercialization" for Duke University Energy Initiative graduate level course entitled: “Emerging Energy Technologies – From Lab to Market.” (790-01)
SECO looks at how to manage the energy demands of the many elements when you have many sources, including the grid, but also local wind turbines, solar panels, geo-thermal as well as a local generator and possible energy storage. SECO optimises this many-to-many problem to ensure demand is met and that the cost of energy is minimised.
Personal Brand Statement:
As an Army veteran dedicated to lifelong learning, I bring a disciplined, strategic mindset to my pursuits. I am constantly expanding my knowledge to innovate and lead effectively. My journey is driven by a commitment to excellence, and to make a meaningful impact in the world.
What are the main advantages of using HR recruiter services.pdfHumanResourceDimensi1
HR recruiter services offer top talents to companies according to their specific needs. They handle all recruitment tasks from job posting to onboarding and help companies concentrate on their business growth. With their expertise and years of experience, they streamline the hiring process and save time and resources for the company.
RMD24 | Debunking the non-endemic revenue myth Marvin Vacquier Droop | First ...BBPMedia1
Marvin neemt je in deze presentatie mee in de voordelen van non-endemic advertising op retail media netwerken. Hij brengt ook de uitdagingen in beeld die de markt op dit moment heeft op het gebied van retail media voor niet-leveranciers.
Retail media wordt gezien als het nieuwe advertising-medium en ook mediabureaus richten massaal retail media-afdelingen op. Merken die niet in de betreffende winkel liggen staan ook nog niet in de rij om op de retail media netwerken te adverteren. Marvin belicht de uitdagingen die er zijn om echt aansluiting te vinden op die markt van non-endemic advertising.
Explore our most comprehensive guide on lookback analysis at SafePaaS, covering access governance and how it can transform modern ERP audits. Browse now!
India Orthopedic Devices Market: Unlocking Growth Secrets, Trends and Develop...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, “India Orthopedic Devices Market -Industry Size, Share, Trends, Competition Forecast & Opportunities, 2030”, the India Orthopedic Devices Market stood at USD 1,280.54 Million in 2024 and is anticipated to grow with a CAGR of 7.84% in the forecast period, 2026-2030F. The India Orthopedic Devices Market is being driven by several factors. The most prominent ones include an increase in the elderly population, who are more prone to orthopedic conditions such as osteoporosis and arthritis. Moreover, the rise in sports injuries and road accidents are also contributing to the demand for orthopedic devices. Advances in technology and the introduction of innovative implants and prosthetics have further propelled the market growth. Additionally, government initiatives aimed at improving healthcare infrastructure and the increasing prevalence of lifestyle diseases have led to an upward trend in orthopedic surgeries, thereby fueling the market demand for these devices.
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
Cracking the Workplace Discipline Code Main.pptxWorkforce Group
Cultivating and maintaining discipline within teams is a critical differentiator for successful organisations.
Forward-thinking leaders and business managers understand the impact that discipline has on organisational success. A disciplined workforce operates with clarity, focus, and a shared understanding of expectations, ultimately driving better results, optimising productivity, and facilitating seamless collaboration.
Although discipline is not a one-size-fits-all approach, it can help create a work environment that encourages personal growth and accountability rather than solely relying on punitive measures.
In this deck, you will learn the significance of workplace discipline for organisational success. You’ll also learn
• Four (4) workplace discipline methods you should consider
• The best and most practical approach to implementing workplace discipline.
• Three (3) key tips to maintain a disciplined workplace.
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
www.seribangash.com
Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
Attending a job Interview for B1 and B2 Englsih learnersErika906060
It is a sample of an interview for a business english class for pre-intermediate and intermediate english students with emphasis on the speking ability.
Taurus Zodiac Sign_ Personality Traits and Sign Dates.pptxmy Pandit
Explore the world of the Taurus zodiac sign. Learn about their stability, determination, and appreciation for beauty. Discover how Taureans' grounded nature and hardworking mindset define their unique personality.
As a business owner in Delaware, staying on top of your tax obligations is paramount, especially with the annual deadline for Delaware Franchise Tax looming on March 1. One such obligation is the annual Delaware Franchise Tax, which serves as a crucial requirement for maintaining your company’s legal standing within the state. While the prospect of handling tax matters may seem daunting, rest assured that the process can be straightforward with the right guidance. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll walk you through the steps of filing your Delaware Franchise Tax and provide insights to help you navigate the process effectively.
2. 2
AMR - Automatic
Meter Reading
AMI – Advanced
Metering Infrastructure
AGI – Advanced
Grid Infrastructure
Benefits
Revenue mgmt.
Reduced intrusion
Circa 1985 Circa 2000 Circa 2007
Typical Functionality
Monthly
kWh
readings
Daily kWh
readings Disconnect
/ reconnect
On-demand
reads
Outage
management
support
Load
control
Limited
hourly data
Expanded
hourly data
Demand
Response
Downline
automation
Home area
network
interface
Technologies
Walk-by radio
Drive-by radio
Fixed radio
PLC – 1 way
PLC – 2 way
Fixed/Tower RF–2 way
Star and mesh radio
Broadband/WiMax??
Customer service
Outage restoration
Asset management
Enhanced customer svc.
Outage identification
System planning
Reduced losses
Demand response
Feeder automation
Web applications
?
Evolution of Advanced Metering
CEES PUNE
2
3. 3
•Planning
•CIS
•GIS
•OMS
•WFM
•AVL
•Asset Mgmt
•Others
• AMI
• SCADA
• Crew
Dispatch
• Generation
& load
dispatch
• Others
Data
Acquisition
and Control
Data
Management
Engine(s)
Integration
Bus
Applications
Wide Area Network Strategies
• Backhaul / bulk
• Medium to broadband
• Data, video, voice
• Public and private
• RF, fiber, satellite
Local Area Network Strategies
• “Last Mile” and AMI
systems
• Low to Medium band
• RF and PLC
Home Area Networks
• Emerging
technologies
• Zigbee, Insteon, Z-
Wave, 6LoWPAN, etc
Home
automation &
generation
Meters
Down-line
automation & asset
management
Crew Mgmt.
Substations
Typical Smart Grid components
CEES PUNE
3
4. 4
Core AMI Technology PLC RF Mesh RF Tower Digital Cellular WiMAX / WiFi
Vendors
Aclara
Cooper
L+G
Cooper
Elster
Itron
Landis+Gyr
SilverSpring
Tantalus
(hybrid)
Trilliant
Sensus
Aclara
SmartSynch
Consert
Other start-ups
SkyTeq
Other start-ups
Optimal deployment
scenarios
Rapid, system
wide
Rapid, system
wide
Rapid, system
wide
Targeted
Trial system (in 2
– 3 years)
Communications status Power-Line Unlicensed Licensed Public Public
Maturity of systems High Moderate Moderate Very Low Very Low
Capital cost of
Infrastructure : annual
operating expense
Medium : Low Medium : Low Medium : Low Low : High High : Medium
Data throughput Low to moderate
Moderate to
high
Moderate to
high
Moderate to high Very High
Ability to serve
customer based
SmartGrid applications
Low to medium Medium to high Medium to high Medium to high High
Ability to serve
SmartGrid applications
Medium High High Low High
Summary Technology comparison
CEES PUNE
4
5. 5
Need for MDM:
CEES PUNE
5
Multiple
data
sources
Accurate
and timely
data
Secure
data
storage
Create and
disseminate
information
• AMI
• Manual
Readings
• SCADA
• OMS
• MWF
• Other
• Validating, Editing
and Estimating
(for hourly data)
• Standards and
rules for service
order creation
• Proactive
assurance of data
availability
• Audit trail
• Securely manages
1,000 times more
data/meter than CIS or
AMI systems can.
• Tags for weather,
demographic and other
operational
characteristics
• Manage and access
non-traditional meter
data, e.g., PQ, volts,
etc.
• Interface to billing systems
• Interface for Customer
Service Reps
• Create TOU billing
summaries
• Provide summary data
• Support operation &
planning needs
• Platform for customer web
presentment
6. 6
Motivation for the
Standardization Roadmap
• Support of the vision „Smart Grid“ during realization
– The importance of standardization is emphasized in all discussion about
Smart Grid
Chapter 3.4 – Benefits of Smart Grids and their standardization
• A lot of standardization activities are starting
– Standardization roadmap as basis for a German position in national and
international standardization
– Providing the knowledge from R&D projects like the German E-Energy-
Projects in standardization
• Intersectoral topic with a lot of stakeholders and interfaces
– Collecting and summarizing various national activities
• Information about existing standards and current activities
– „Not reinventing the wheel again and again“
CEES PUNE
7. 7
Motivation for a Smart Grid on the basis of the energy management triangle –
political
objectives and technical implementation
CEES PUNE
Avoidance of grid
bottlenecks Electromobility
Distribution and Renewable
Energy Resources
Storage Energy efficiency
Growth in consumption
Energy autonomy Security of supply
Society
Political Objectives
Technology / Implementation
8. 8
Definition of „Smart Grid“ –
One example of the DKE-Committee SMART.GRID
The term „Smart Grid“ (an intelligent energy supply system)
comprises
• networking and control of intelligent generators, storage
facilities, loads and network operating equipment
• in power transmission and distribution networks
• with the aid of Information and Communication
Technologies (ICT).
• The objective is to ensure sustainable and environmentally
sound power supply by means of transparent, energy- and
cost-efficient, safe and reliable system operation.
CEES PUNE
9. 9
Communication between
system components
Smart Grid – Intelligent Energy Supply
CEES PUNE
Interdisciplinary technologies:
Data collection, processing and recombination
Market Grid Operation
Smart
Grid
Smart
Generation
Smart
Distribution and
Transmission
Smart
Consumption
Smart
Storage
10. 10
A lot of further definitions about the
term
„Smart Grid“• IEC
• European Technology Platform ETP Smart Grids
• ERGEG – European Regulators
• BDEW - German Association of Energy and Water Industries
• NIST National Institute for Standards and Technology
• …
CEES PUNE
11. 11
What is a Smart Grid?
Like blinded men with an elephant.
CEES PUNE
Quelle: E-Energy Jahreskongress 2009
Prof. Gunter Dueck
Various perspectives
on a Smart Grid
12. 12
Integration into the
International Standardization
CEES PUNE
IEC Council
SMB
Technical Committees
e.g. TC 57
WG
13
International Standardization
System operators /suppliers
Manufacturers
Consultants
Academics
Authorities (GOs)
Other organizations
(NGOs)
European standardization
Technical Committee
e.g. DKE K 952
AK 15
AK 10
National Standardization
System operators /suppliers
Manufacturers
Consultants
Academics
Authorities (GOs)
Other organizations
(NGOs)
WG
14
AK 19
WG
19
13. 13
SMART GRID: WHAT IS IT?
• New metering and communication system,
.e.g, “smart” meters: demand response;
pricing options
• T&D investments to “modernize”
communications, sensors, grid design and
operation: manage outages; energy storage;
intermittent resources
• Customer side of the meter: In Home Devices
CEES
6/14/2014 13
14. 14
SMART GRID: JURISDICTION
• Federal policies are not mandatory; states have discretion about adopting
any PURPA policies, including Smart Grid policies in the Energy Policy Acts
of 2005 and 2007
• FERC regulates wholesale markets and supervises RTOs; required to
establish “just and reasonable” rates
• States regulate utility distribution rates (and generation supply portfolios
and rate design in states with and without restructuring); approve cost
recovery; establish retail tariffs and prices for retail electricity service
• Smart Grid is primarily a matter for state regulation
CEES
6/14/2014 14
15. 15
Smart Grid: What is the purpose?
• More efficient operations, .e.g. eliminate meter reading
and field visit jobs
• Enable Demand Response programs: direct load
control, dynamic pricing
• Enable distributed resources to be integrated into grid
operations
• Improve reliability of service: outage detection and
management
• Improve grid operations and efficiency; integrate
renewables
• Link customer’s side of the meter to utility operations:
in-home devices, appliances
CEES
6/14/2014 15
16. 16
SMART METERING
• Advanced or smart meters: Only achieves part of this
vision
• Most utilities focus primarily on Advanced Metering
systems and rarely propose Smart Grid plans or
investment decisions
• Smart Meter proposals often claim to represent crucial
part of future Smart Grid plans
• Unknown ratepayer costs for investment to obtain
modernization of the Transmission and Distribution
grids
CEES
6/14/2014 16
17. 17
Consumers Have Serious Questions
about Smart Metering
• Costs:
– Rate impacts
– Technology obsolescence
– Retire existing working meters
• Benefits:
– Operational cost savings: elimination of jobs re meter reading;
field operations
– Demand Response: implementation of dynamic pricing
– Energy conservation or consumption reduction
– Part of implementation of Smart Grid for T&D operations:
integrate renewables; enable Electric Vehicles
CEES
6/14/2014 17
18. 18
CONSUMER CONCERNS ABOUT COSTS
• Utilities often seek separate tracker to assure cost
recovery outside of a base rate case: consumers bear
full responsibility for actual costs as they occur
• Potential for higher bills for low use and low income
customers
• New technologies: who bears risk of wrong choice?
[VCRs vs. DVDs vs. DVRs]
• Smart Metering proposals may be only a downpayment
on unknown future Smart Grid investments
CEES
6/14/2014 18
19. 19
CONSUMER CONCERNS ABOUT
BENEFITS
• Benefits are estimated over a 15-20 year period; degree of
accuracy never calculated
• To document cost effectiveness, utilities sometimes seek
demand response and supply side benefits that make up over
50% of costs and that require estimates of future prices of
capacity and energy
• Demand Response benefits have yet to be proven in any full
scale implementation of dynamic pricing: customer participation
rates; persistence of results; impacts of wholesale market
structure on value of DR and means to return this value to
customers
• Can low use and low income/elderly customers see benefits or
only costs?
• Who bears the risk that these estimates are wrong?
CEES
6/14/2014 19
20. 20
CONSUMER CONCERNS ABOUT
BENEFITS
• Utilities seek to justify their smart metering approach
without any analysis of alternative means to obtain DR
results from residential customers: direct load control
works and is less costly; do not need AMI for this
technology
• Utilities typically do not include customer costs to
actually bring the usage data into the home or connect
to any appliance: in-home devices and new appliances
are not cheap!
• Estimated price for the new EV autos? $40,000 and
more
CEES
6/14/2014 20
21. 21
CONSUMER CONCERNS ABOUT
DYNAMIC PRICING
• AMI is being used as a justification for demanding that
residential customers move to TOU or dynamic pricing as
“default”
• Consumers want and need stable and fixed prices for
service essential to their health and well being
• TOU rates NOT popular for a reason
• Concern about bill impacts on some customer groups:
low income; elderly; disabled. CA pilot results show very
low elasticity of demand for low income but rarely
studied directly
CEES
6/14/2014 21
22. 22
CONSUMER CONCERNS ABOUT
CONSUMER PROTECTIONS
• Utilities typically couple smart metering with the functionality of
remote connection and disconnection of the meter;
disconnection for nonpayment should be accompanied by a
premise visit and attempt to contact the customer to avoid
disconnection
• These new meters may give rise to a host of degraded service
options, e.g., prepayment (pay in advance and automatically
disconnect when meter is not fed); service limiters
• New privacy concerns will become evident with the access to
individual household usage information: Is anybody home? What
appliances are being used? Who can access this data and for what
purpose?
CEES6/14/2014
22
23. 23
SMART GRID AND THE CUSTOMER SIDE OF THE METER: WHO IS
IN CHARGE?
• Promoters of a “smarter” grid emphasize how customers can
be “empowered”
• Dynamic pricing does not “empower” customers; it presents a
Hobson’s Choice to many low use, low income, and elderly
customers who must use electricity during peak hours
• Customers prefer Peak Time Rebate option in which
customers are rewarded for peak load reduction
CEES
6/14/2014 23
24. 24
SMART GRID AND ELECTRIC POWERED
VEHICLES
• An EV will increase household load factor by 50% or more at peak
hours (source: BG&E executive)
• Significant burden on utility transformers and distribution system
• What if off-peak usage gets more expensive due to demand?
• Questions:
– Who pays: all customers or cost causers? Ratepayers or
taxpayers?
– Should this potential development be used to demand TOU
rates for all?
– Can plug in devices control time of energy flow?
– In home or neighborhood plug in options?
CEES
6/14/2014 24
25. 25
T&D INVESTMENTS
• Smart Grid investments for T&D systems
should be linked to delivery of customer
benefits:
– Establish a baseline that identifies current status of smart grid
investments in T&D systems
– Condition rate recovery to enforceable reliability objectives—
reduce frequency and duration of outages; reduce customer
outage costs
– Target distribution investments where they are likely to have
most significant results
– Demonstrate ability to integrate intermittent resources and
distributed resources
CEES
6/14/2014 25
26. 26
SMART GRID: REGULATORY
RESPONSE
• KEY RECOMMENDATION: Let’s be “smart”
about “smart grid”
– Utilities should link proposed investments to
specific functionalities
– What incremental investments are required?
Who pays?
– At what cost? Over what period of time?
– What enforceable promises are made to deliver
the benefits to end use customers?
CEES
6/14/2014 26
27. 27
WE NEED SMART REGULATORY POLICIES FOR SMART
GRID
• Endorsement of utilities “wants” based on magic words or
inchoate promises would not be “smart”
• Presumption should be for rate recovery that links costs and
benefits: utilities must assume some of the risks that their
estimates are wrong
• Base rate recovery preferred to separate trackers or surcharges
• Smart Grid and smart metering must not be used as a means to
impose dramatic changes in retail rate design for residential
customers
– Dynamic and time-based price programs must remain optional on an “opt in”
basis
– Rewards in the form of credits for peak usage reduction should be the
preferred approach
CEES
6/14/2014 27
28. 28
OUT LINE
What is Smart Meter
Why we have to develop Smart Meter
Smart Meter to Smart Grid
Smart Grid
Smart grid functions
Obstacles
Smart Grid in Other Countries
Learn from Other Countries
Smart Grid in Taiwan
Future Life with Smart Grid
CEES 6/14/2014 28
V.S
29. 29
What is Smart Meter
compare with tradition meter
• A new electricity meter
which can eliminate many
labor-intensive business
process
• You can know power using
information in every hour, or
even in every second
• The part of Advanced
Metering Infrastructure (
AMI )
CEES 6/14/2014 29
30. 30
Why we have to develop Smart Meter
• Greenhouse effect
• Economize power by
change our way in using
power
• Decrease power wasting
caused by meter
CEES 6/14/2014 30
31. 31
Smart Meter to Smart Grid
• Smart Grid is a concept of
use power efficiently
• AMI support the Smart
Grid of the future
• Smart Grid provide
advance metering
CEES 6/14/2014 31
32. 32
Smart Grid(1/2)
• keeps track of all electricity flowing in the system
• use superconductive transmission lines for less
power loss
• It can run at arbitrary hours
• the capability of integrating alternative sources
• multiple networks and multiple power generation
companies with multiple operators employing
• provide the bi-directional metering needed to
compensate local producers of power
CEES 6/14/2014 32
34. 34
Smart grid functions
• Be able to heal itself
• consumers participation
• Resist attack
• Provide higher quality power
• Accommodate all generation
• Enable electricity markets to flourish
• Optimize assets
• Enable higher penetration of intermittent power
generation sources
CEES 6/14/2014 34
35. 35
Obstacles
• regulatory environments that don't
reward utilities for operational
efficiency
• consumer concerns over privacy
• social concerns over "fair"
availability of electricity
• limited ability of utilities to rapidly
transform their business and
operational environment to take
advantage of smart grid
technologies
CEES 6/14/2014 35
36. 36
Smart Grid in Other Countries(1/2)
• Europe
– Grid upgrade plan
– Legislation
• America
– U.S. stimulus package
– “Three Advanced”
• Advanced Hardware
• Advanced Software/Systems
• Advanced Materials
CEES 6/14/2014 36
37. 37
Smart Grid in Other Countries(2/2)
• China
– An plan to develop a national smart grid by 2020
– Smart grid city
• Japan
– Island micro-grid:
Solar energy
– Smart grid island
CEES 6/14/2014 37
38. 38
Learn from Other Countries
• Technology Upgrade
– “Three Advanced”
– To improve…
• Integration
• Standardization
• Localization
– Ex: Renewable source
• User friendly
CEES 6/14/2014 38
39. 39
Smart Grid in Taiwan
• a plan by Taiwan power since 2008
– 1st stage(08~09)
• UHV users
• AMR
(Automatic Meter Reading System)
– 2nd stage(10~11)
• HV users
• Domestic smart grid
– 3rd stage(11~)
• LV users
• universal
CEES 6/14/2014 39
Weitere Gründe unter Nutzen der Normung im weiteren Verlauf
In anderen Diskussionen wird aber seltener konkret auf Normung und Standardisierung eingegangen
Verschiedene Perspektiven zeigen sich schon bei den unterschiedlichen Definitionen
Unterschiedliche Perspektiven wurden diskutiert und beschrieben. Im folgenden auf einen Aspekt nur eingehen