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1. LE CORBUSIER
PRESENTED BY
KUSHAGRA GOEL

2. INTRODUCTION
•CHARLES EDOUARD JEANNERET NOW POPULARLY KNOWN AS LE
CORBUSIER
•BORN ON 6th OF OCTOBER’ 1887 AT LA CHAUX DE FONDS IN
SWISSJURA MOUNTAINS 4 KMS FROM FRENCH BORDER
•HE STARTED WORKING UNDER CONTRACTER PERRET, LE CORBUSIER’S
SO CALLED MASTER
•HE AS A CHILD PREPARED HIMSELF FOR A MANUAL OCCUPATION
•HE LEFT HIS SCHOOL AT THE AGE OF 13½ YRS
•JOINED AN ART SCHOOL LATER

3. IDEOLOGY
THE PILOTIS
ROOF GARDEN
FREE FLOOR PLAN
ELONGATED WINDOW
FREE FACADE

4. THE PILOTIS
• PILOTIS MEANS COLUMNS
• IT HELPED TO REDEFINE THE HOUSE AS A MATTER OF
FORM AND FUNCTION
• REINFORCED CONCRETE GAVE US THE PILOTIS
• IT RAISED THE BUILDING IN THE AIR, FAR FROM THE SOIL,
WITH GARDENS STRETCHING BENEATH THE BUILDING
• FOR E.G VILLA SAVOYE,POISSY IN FRANCE IN 1929
• PILOTIS USUALLY SERVED AS AN ELEMENT OF
DRAMATIZATION AND VISUAL ISOLATION
PILOTIS

5. THE ROOF GARDEN
• USUALLY KNOWN AS HANGING GARDEN
• FIRST REALIZATION OF THIS IDEA WAS IN THE
SMALL HOUSE THAT THE ARCHITECT BUILT FOR
HIS PARENTS ON LAKE GENEVA IN 1923 IS
DESCRIBED IN A HYMNAL TONE
• REINFORCED CONCRETE MADE THE
STRUCTURALLY HOMOGENOUS ROOF POSSIBLE
• REASON OF TECHNIQUE, ECONOMY AND
COMFORT LEAD TO THE ADOPTION OF THE
ROOF TERRACE AND THE ROOF GARDEN
• THE ROOF GARDEN OFTEN EQUIPPED FOR
SPORTS, EMULATES THE ‘CONDITION OF
NATURE’ IN HUMAN HABITAT
ROOF
GARDEN

6. THE FLOOR PLAN
• REINFORCED CONCRETE BROUGHT THE INNOVATION OF
THE FREE PLAN IN WHICH THE INTERIORS WERE NO
LONGER THE RIGIDLY DETERMINED BY THE STRUCTURAL
WALLS , THEY HAD BECOME FREE
• IN PARIS, THE PRINCIPLE HAD BEEN BEAUTIFULLY
DEMONSTRATED BY PERRET’S APARTMENT HOUSE
• LE CORBUISER SUGGESTED A COMPLETE
INDEPENDENCE OF STRUCTURAL SUPPORT
ARCHITECTURAL “INFILL”
• HE USED SLIDING WALLS THAT DIVIDED THE LIVING
ROOM INTO THREE BEDROOMS AT NIGHT

7. THE ELONGATED WINDOW
• LE CORBUSIER’S OBSESSION WITH THE FORM OF
THE FACADE LONG WINDOWS THAT IS TOTALLY
INDEPENDENY OF STRUCTURE
• ITS NO SURPRISE THAT THE ARCHITECT ONCE
AGAIN PRODUCED A SCIENTIFIC DEMONSTRATION
IN ORDER TO PROVE THE SUPERIORITY OF THE
NEW WINDOW TYPE
• FOR EXAMPLE , ON AN INTIMATE SCALE ON THE
UPPER FLOOR OF THE VILLA VAUCRESSON AND
IN THE JEANNERET HOUSE ON LAKE GENEVA
ELONGATED WINDOW

8. THE FREE FACADE
• PILLARS RETREATED FROM THE FACADE TO THE
INSIDE OF THE HOUSE I.E THE FACADE BECAME
NO MORE THAN LIGHT MEMBRANE
• CONSIST OF ISOLATING EALLS OR WINDOWS
• FACADE WAS NOW FREE AND THE WINDOWS
COULD EXTEND WITHOUT INTERRUPTION FRON
ONE END TO THE OTHER.
• THE REAL MOTIVATION FOR IT WAS LE
CORBUSIER’S URGE TO BRING HIS OLYMPIAN
STATEMENTS TO THE NUMBER FIVE

9. THE MODULAR
• THE MODULAR WAS A SYSTEM OF
PROPORTIONINGWORKED OUT BY
LE CORBUSIERESSENTIALLY THE
MODULAR IS A SERIES OF PROPORTIONS
NOT UNLIKE THE GOLDEN SECTION USED BY
ANCIENT GREEKS.
• BASED ON THE MEASUREMENTS OF A SIX- FOOT
MAN IN VARIOUS POSITIONS, STANDING SITTING,
LYING DOWN ETC.
TWO SERIES OF MEASUREMENTS
WERE DEVELOPED, THE ONE DERIVED FROM A
STANDING FIGURE, THE OTHER FROM A FIGURE
WITH AN ARM UPRAISED.

10. IMPORTANT WORKS
VILLA SAVOYE,1929
PALACE OF LEAGUE OF NATIONS,GENEVA,1927
SWISS STUDENTS HOSTEL CITE UNIVERSITAIRE PARIS,1930-32
THE MODULAR,1945
MRS MANORAMA SARABHAIS HOUSE,AHMEDABAD,1954
SHODAN HOUSE AHMEDABAD,1956
MILLOWNERS ASSOCIATION AHMEDABAD,1954
CHAPEL OF NOTRE-DAME RONCHAMP,1950-55
UNITED D’ HABITATION MARSEILLES,1946-52
MUSEUM,AHMEDABAD,1954-57
CHANDIGARH,1951

11. VILLA SAVOYE, POISSY,FRANCE
1931

12. • VILLA SAVOYE IS RELATED TO THE WHOLE RANGE OF LE CORBUSIER’S ARCHITECTURE AND URBAN PLANNING
• IT IS SITUATED ON SMOOTHLY SLOPING HILL TOP IN MIDST OF FIELDS
• IT ILLUSTRATES WITH EXTREME CLARITY AND IS PERHAPS THE MOST FAITHFUL IN ITS OBSERVATION OF HI
FIVE POINTS I.E PILOTIS, ROOF GARDEN, FREE FLOOR PLAN , ELONGATED WINDOW, AND FREE FAÇADE
• COLUMNS OF THE BUILDINGS ARE DEFINED BY A SYSTEM OF WALLS INDEPENDENT OF STRUCTURE
• ENTRY TO THE PROPERTY IS THROUGH A GATE AT ONE END OF HIGH STONE WALL
• THERE IS SMALL GATE KEEPER’S LODGE AT THE ENTRANCE
• THE MAIN PORTION OF THE HOUSE IS RAISED ON THE COLUMNS WHICH ARE SET ON GRASS PLANE
• SECOND LEVEL WITH OPEN GARDEN TERRACE, AS THE EXTENTION OF THE MAIN ROOMS OF THE HOUSE IS
LIFTED UPON COLUMNS
• FROM THE HALL A TWO STAGE RAMP LEAD UP INTO THE LIVING AREA
• ROOMS ARE ARRANGED IN L- SHAPED
• ABOUT 1/3RD OF THE SURFACE AREA IS OCCUPIED BY AN OPEN TERRACE ENCLOSED BY THE WALL OF THE
HOUSE
• CORNER TO CORNER SLITS OF THE ELONGATED WINDOWS OFFERED A VIEW OF THE DISTANTS LANDSCAPE
• THE MOST STRIKING FEATURE OF THE VILLA IS RAMP WHICH LEAD A SIMPLE WALK ON THE TERRACE

13. • LIVING AREA OPENS ON THE SOUTH TO THE GARDEN THROUGH LARGE FLOOR TO CEILING
SLIDING GLASS DOORS
• GROUND FLOOR IS A PERFECT SQAURE AND IS DEFINED AS ZONE OF MOTION
• THE MINIMUM TURNING RADIUS OF AN AUTOMOBILE DETERMINED THE RADIUS OF THE
SEMI CIRCULAR GROUND FLOOR THAT CONTAINS AN ELEGANT RECEPTION HALL, GARAGE
AND THE SERVANT QUARTERS
• FROM THE HALL A TWO STAGE RAMP LEAD UP INTO THE LIVING AREA
• ROOMS ARE ARRANGED IN L- SHAPED
• ABOUT 1/3RD OF THE SURFACE AREA IS OCCUPIED BY AN OPEN TERRACE ENCLOSED BY
THE WALL OF THE HOUSE
• CORNER TO CORNER SLITS OF THE ELONGATED WINDOWS OFFERED A VIEW OF THE
DISTANTS LANDSCAPE
• THE MOST STRIKING FEATURE OF THE VILLA IS RAMP WHICH LEAD A SIMPLE WALK ON THE
TERRACE

14. INTERIORS

15. PLANS

16. UNITE D’ HABITATION

17. UNITE D’ HABITATION
• IT WAS THE TIME WHEN EUROPE WAS RISING FROM THE SMOULDERING FUNERAL PYRE
OF AND ITS NEWLY LIBERATED PEOPLE WERE TO ESTABLISH SOME PROGRAMME
DIRECTION OF NEW LIFE
• LE CORBUSIER HAD A REVOLUTIONARY EVENT, SUN, SPACE AND GREENERY WAS
DEVELOPED HERE.
• TO UNDERSTAND THE CHANGE OF MIND OF YHE PEOPLE AROUND
• IT WAS LE CORBUSIER’S BEST CONTRIBUTION TO A MODERN TYPOLOGY OF SOCIAL
HOUSING
• THE BUILDING US SITUATED ON 9 ACRE SITE ON THE OUTSKIRTS OF MARSEILLE
• IT HAS AN EAST WEST ORIENTATION
• IT IS 450’ LONG, 80’ WIDE AMD 185’ HIGH
• IT FOLLOOWS THE THEORETICAL PRINCIPLES OF LE CORBUSIER’S LOGIC OF
CONSTRUCTION
• 4 LIFTS EACH WITH A CAPACITY OF 20 TRAVELLING WITH A SPEED AT 40 FT PER SECOND.

18. • IT HAS SKELETON OF REINFORCED CONCRETE AND REST ON POWERFUL PILLARS
WHICH LEAVS THE GROUND FREE
• ALL PIPING PASSES THROUGH THESE PILLARS (PILOTIS)
• ALL APARTMENTS ARE BUILT IN TWO LEVELS
• THE NORTHEN FAÇADE IS BLANK, WHILE THE OTHER FACADES ARE ANIMATED WITH
GLASS WALLS AND SUNBREAK LOGGIAS OF LIVING AREA
• THE PLAN IS NOT COMPLETELY FREE ; THE PARTITION WALLS BETWEEN THE
APARTMENTS ARE LOAD BEARING
• STRONG SOUND PROOFING BETWEEN APARTMENTS
• IT IS 9 STOREYS HIGH
• THEY ARE DIVIDED INTO TWENTY THREE DIFFERENT TYPES OF APARTMENTS
• 337 APARTMENTS IN ALL
• RECREATIONAL ROOMS ARE ON THE ROOF

19. • THE LIVING ROOM HAS DOUBLE HEIGHT OF 16’ AND GLASS WALL OF 12’ X 16’
• OTHER ROOMS ARE 8’ HIGH
• THE TERRACE ROOF HAS BEEN PROVIDED WITH NUMBER OF FACILITIES FOR
COLLECTIVE USE : DAY NURSERY, KINDERGARTEN, GYMNASIUM FOR ADULTS ,
OPEN AIR THEATER,AND THREE HUNDRED METER RACE TRACK
• CONCRETE IS USED AS NOBLE MATERIAL
• FEW DISADVANTAGES OF THIS BUILDING ARE AS FOLLOW:
• THE FOREST OF PILOTIS ON THE GROUND FLOOR IS SIMPLY LUGUBRIOUS
• THE INDIVIDUAL CELLS ARE TOO NARROW
• SHOPPING STREET IS TOO LARGE COMPARED TO THE SIZE OF BUILDING
HE IMLEMENTED MOST OF HIS RADICAL IDEAS.
IT HAD A ROUGH CONCRETE FINISH TO THE COMPLEX.

20. HUGE PILOTIS
LEAVING THE
GROUND FREE
CONCRETE AS NOBLE MATERIAL
DOUBLE HEIGHT LIVING ROOM WITH
GLASS WALL
GLASS WALL OF 12’ X 16’
DOUBLE HEIGHT
BALCONIES TOO

21. ROOF NURSERY
COLOURFUL
WALLS IN
BALCONIES
NARROW ROOMS
( 8’ HIGH ROOMS)
OPEN TERRACE

22. NOTRE-DAM-DU-HAUT-
RONCHAMP

23. • NOTRE-DAM-DU-HAUT IS SITUATED ON SOURTHEN FOOTHILLS OF THE VOSAGES
• LE CORBUSIER TACKLED THE PROBLEM FIRST OF ALL AS A MATTER OF “PURE” SPACE
• IN THIS CONTEXT, LE CORBUSIER HIMSELF SPOKE OF LANDSCAPE ACOUSTICS THUS CREATING AN
ECHO IN THE HALL
• THE FORM HE FINALLY CAME UP WITH EQUAL JUSTICE TO THE PRACTICLE PURPOSE OF SANCTUARY
AND THE EVOCATIVE CHALLENGE OF THE LAND
• IT IS COVERED WITH MUSHROOM SHAPED ROOF
• FOLLOWING THE SHAPE OF HILL , THE NAVE OF THE CHURCH IS INCLINED TOWARDS EAST
• THE ROOF IS INDEPENDENT OF WALLS
• A THIN STRIP OF DAYLIGHT IS REVEALED BETWEEN THE CHAPEL WALLS AND THE ROOF
• IT CREATS A STRONG TENSION BETWEEN THE INDOORS AND OUT DOORS

24. •THE MAIN HALL HAS A CAPACITY OF 200 PEOPLE
•IT WAS THIS CHPEL THAT HE FIRST FORMULATED THE
IDEA ARCHITECTURALLY IN THE FORM OF PERISCOPE
LIGHT SHAFTS CAPTURING THE SUNLIGHT AND SPILLING
IT OVER THE ALTARS OF THE THREE SIDED CHAPEL
•HE PLAYED WITH MASS AND VOID ON THE EXTERIORS
OF THE WALLS
MASS VOID APPEARANCE

25. INTERIOR OF THE CHAPEL
IRREGULAR VOIDS

26. PAINTING

27. C
H
A
N
D
I
G
A
R
H

28. INTRODUCTION
• SINCE PUNJAB EAS DIVIDED INTO TWO PARTS, THE CAPITAL WAS LEFT IN PAKISTAN
THERE FORE PUNJAB IN INDIA REQUIRED NEW CAPITAL
• LE CORBUSIER WAS APPROACHED BY PUNJAB GOVERNMENT AND THE PRIME MINISTER
OF INDIA
• CHANDIGARH IS A BOLD EXPERIMENT IN MODERN CIVIC DESIGN
• CHANDIGARH HAS PROVOKED FRESH THINKING AND IN FACT SHOWN NEW WAY OF LIFE
• MAXWELL FRY, JANE DREW AND PIERRE JEANNERET WERE ALSO INVOLVED IN THE TEAM
OF ARCHITECTS
• WHEN LE CORBUSIER ASSUMED CONTROL OF THE CHANDIGARH PROJECT IN 1951,
HOWEVER THE DESIGN OF THE CITY HAD ALREADY BEEN DEVISED BY THE NEW YORK
FIRM OF MAYER, WHITTLESEY, AND GLASS WHO RECEIVED A CONTRACT FOR THE
MASTER PLAN OF CHANDIGARH IN 1950

29. ALBERT MAYER THE MASTER PLAN
• MAYER WAS THE FIRST ONE TO GET THE CHANDIGARH PROJECT
• MATTHEW NOWICKI WAS INVITED TO JOIN THE STAFF ASSEMBLED TO PLAN
CHANDIGARH.HIS DITIES WERE TO TAKE THE FORM OF ARCHITECTURAL CONTROL.
• MAYER STATED THAT HE WAS TRYING TO CREATE SOMETHING”THAT REALLY APPLIES TO
WHAT WE HAVE TALKED ABOUT MUCH BUT WHICH HAS BEEN AT BEST DONE IN A LIMITED
WAY IN RADBUBN,THE GREENBELT TOWNS AND BALDWIN HILLS.
• THE BASIC AIM,STATED MAYER,WAS A BEAUTIFUL CITY.
• THE MASTER PLAN WHICH ALBERT MAYER PRODUCED FOR CHANDIGARH ASSUMES A FAN-
SHAPED OUTLINE,SPREADING GENTLY TO FILL THE FILE THE SITE BETWEEN THE TWO RIVER
BEDS.
• THE PROVINCIAL GOVT. BUILDINGS ARE LOCATED THE UPPER EDGE OF THE CITY WITHIN A
FORK IN ONE OF THE RIVERS,WHILE THE CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT OCCUPIES AN AREA
NEAR THE CENTER.A CURVING NETWORK OF MAIN ROADS SURROUNDS THE RESIDENTIAL
SUPERBLOCKS,EACH OF WHICH CONTAINS A CENTRAL AREA OF PARKLAND.

30. • TWO LARGER PARKS MAY BE SEEN STRETCHING THROUGH THE CITY.
• THE FLATNESS OF THE SITE ALLOWED ALMOST COMPLETE FREEDOM IN
CREATING STREET LAYOUT AND IT IS OF INTEREST TO NOTE HAT THE OVERALL
PATTERN DELIBERATELY AVOIDS A GEOMETRIC GRID IN FAVOUR OF A LOOSELY
CURVING SYSTEM.
• THE DEATH OF NOWICKI NECESSITATED THE SELECTION OF A NEW ARCHITECT
FOR CHANDIGARH.
• IT WAS THE MINISTER OF PLANNING WHO SUGGISTED LE-CORBUISER AND WHO
ALSO RECOMMENDED THE INCLUSION OF PIERRE JEANNERET WHOM HE
TERMED A’’ GOOD DETAIL MAN.’’
.

31. MASTER PLAN
• IN 1951 IT WAS GIVEN TO LE CORBUSIER
• IN CHANDIGARH LE CORBUSIER SYTEM OF SELF SUPPORTING NEIGHBORHOOD UNIT KNOWN AS A
SECTOR HAS WORKED VERY WELL
• SECTOR WHICH IS INTROVERTED IN CHARACTER COMMUNICATES ONLY AT 4 JUNCTIONS WITH THE
ADJOINING NEIGHBOURHOOD UNITS
• ALL THE HOUSES OPEN UP INSIDE
• GRID PLANNING IS DONE
• CHANDIGARH PLANNING WAS DONE IN AN MANNER THAT EVERYTHING WAS EASILY CLEAR ABOUT
THE ROUTES AND SECTORS
• CHANDIGARH UT IS SPREAD OVER AN AREA OF 114SQ KMS INCLUDING MANIMAJRA AND BURAIL

32. PLAN OF THE CITY

33. THE 7V’S
7 V’S ROAD SYSTEM IS USED
• THE ROADS ARE CLASSIFIED AS V1 ,V2 ,V3………V7
• V1 CONNECTS CHANDIGARH TO OTHER CITIES
• V2 ARE THE MAJOR AVENUES OF THE CITY E.G MADHYA MARG ETC
• V3 ARE THE CORRIDORS STREETS FOR VEHICULAR TRAFFIC ONLY
• V4…..V7 ARE THE ROADS WITHIN THE SECTORS
• CHANDIGARH HAS BEEN PLANNED ON THE SCIENTIFIC PRINCIPLES AND TO APPRISE
THE COMING GENERATION OF THESE PRINCIPLES
• THE MAIN FEATURE OF THIS EDICT ARE ITS-
 HUMAN SCALE
 SELF SUFFICIENT SECTORS
 ROADS SYSTEM
 AREAS OF SPECIAL INTEREST
 ARCHITECTURAL CONTROL

34. THREE DISCIPLINES
• THE DISCIPLINE OF MONEY
• LE CORBUISER ONCE REMARKED THAT”INDIA HASTHE TREASURES OF A PROUD CULTURE,BUT HER COFFERS
ARE EMPTY.” AND THROUGHOUT THE PROJECT THE DESIRE FOR GRANDNESS WAS HAMPERED BY THE NEED
FOR STRICT ECONOMY.
• IN WORKING UP HIS DESIGNS,LE CORBUISER CONSULTED THE PROGRAM FOR EACH BUILDING AS GIVEN IN
THE BUDGET AND THEN PREPARED THE INITIAL PROJECT.
• THE DISCIPLINE OF TECHNOLOGY
• AVAILABLE IN QUANTITY,HOWEVER,WAS GOOD CLAY STONE AND SAND,AND,ABOVE ALL’HUMAN LABOUR.
• THE MATERIALS OF WHICH CHANDIGARH HAS BEN CONSTRUCTED ARE ROUGH CONCRETE IN THE CAPITOL
COMPLEX AND THE CENTRAL BUSINESS DISTRICT AND FOR MOST OF THE CITY,ESPECIALLY IN
HOUSING,LOCALLY PRODUCED BRICK.
• THE DISCIPLINE OF CLIMATE
• BESIDES THE ADMINISTRATIVE AND FINANCIAL REGULATONS THERE WAS A LAW OF THE SUN IN INDIA.
• THE ARCHITECTURAL PROBLEM CONSISTS;FIRST TO MAKE SHADE,SECOND TO MAKE A CURRENT OF AIR[TO
VENTILATE],THIRD TO CONTROL HYDRAULICS.

35. THE SECTOR
• TAKING CHANDIGARH AS AN EXAMPLE,WE MAY SEE AT ONCE THE DEMOCRATIC IDEA
WHICH ALLOWS US TO DEVOTE AN EQUAL CARE TO HOUSING ALL CLASSES OF SOCIETY
TO SEK NEW SOCIAL GROUPINGS, NEW PATTERNS OF EDUCATION AND PUBLIC
WELFARE,AND MADE MORE POSSIBLE BY PRACTICAL APLICATOIN OF THE SCIENTIFIC
IDEA WHICH THROUGH INDUSTRIALISM,GIVES US SUCH BENEFITS AS PIPED
WATER,ELECRICITY AND CHEAP TRANSPORT.
• EACH SECTOR IS DESIGNATED BY NUMBER,THE CAPITAL COMPLEX BEING NUMBER
1,WITH THE REMAINING SECTORS NUMBERED CONSECUTIVELY BEGINNING AT THE
NORTH CORNER OF THE CITY.
• AT PRESENT THERE ARE 30 SECTORS IN CHANDIGARH,OF WHICH 24 ARE RESIDENTIAL.
• THE SECTORS AT THE UPPER EDGE OF THE CITY ARE OF ABBREVIATED SIZE.

36. • IN ALL TYPE OF HOUSING ,PARTLY BECAUSE OF THE GLAZING
EXPENSE,PARTLY TO KEEP OUT SUN.
• AS THE MOST ECONOMICAL AND READILY AVAILABLE MATERIAL FOR
BUILDING AT CHANDIGARH WAS LOCALLY MADE BRICK.
• THIS BECAME THE MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION.
• THE FLAT ROOF WAS EMPLOYED THROUGH OUT IN CHANDIGARH
HOUSING BECAUSE OF ITS USEFULNESS AS A SLEEPING AREA
• 70% OF THE BUILDING WOULD BE PRIVATE IN ALL THE SECTORS.
• RESIDENTIAL PLOTS RANGING IN DIMENSIONS FROM 75 SQ. YARDS TO
5000 SQ YARDS.

38. THE SECRETARIAT,1958

39. THE SECRETARIAT
• THE FIRST DESIGN FOR THE SECRETARIAT PRESENTS THE BUILDING AS A TALL THIN SLAB
CARRYING A SURFACE BRISE SOLEIL DIVIDED BY A CENTRAL HORIZONTAL BAND
• THE DESIGN WHICH WAS ACCEPTED ESTABLISHED THE BUILDING FORN AS A LONG
,HORIZONTAL CONCRETE SLAB
• THE SECRETARIAT, THE LONGEST BUILDING IN CHANDIGARH, 254M LONG,AND 42M
HIGHFORMS THE ADMINSTRATIVE CENTER,WITH MINISTERAL OFFICES GROUPED IN THE
CENTER AND OFFICES FOR EMPLOYEES ARRANGED ON EITHER SIDE
• THE BUILDING WAS COMPLETED IN 1958
• THE BUILDING IS COMPOSED OF SIX EIGHT STOREY BLOCKS SEPARETED BY EXPANSION
JOINTS
• THE CENTRAL PAVILION, BLOCK 4, CONTAINS THE OFFICES OF THE MINISTERS

40. FREE FACADE
RAMP ENCLOCURE
ROUGH CONCRETE
FINISH
SQUARE WINDOWS
PROJECTED PORTICOS
SMALL ENTRANCE
BIG ENTRANCE

41. • THE ROUGH CONCRETE AGAIN INTERPOSES IN THE FENESTRATION OF THE TWO
MAIN FACADES ; MORE THAN 2000 UNITS OF UNIQUE DESIGN
• APPRAOCH TO THE BUILDING IS THROUGH ROADWAYS BELOW GROUND LEVEL TO
A LARGE PARKING AREA IN FRONT OF THE CENTRAL BLOCK, AND A FLOOR IS LEFT
OPEN AT THIS LEVEL TO FORM AN ENTRANCE HALL
• BLOCK 1 AND 2 RISES DIRECTLY FROM THE GROUND
• BLOCK 3,4 AND PART OF 5 FACE ON THE EXCAVATED AREA OF THE PARKING LOT
AND HAVE THE LOWER STOREY OPEN BETWEEN PILOTIS
• FOR THE REST PART OF BLOCK 5 AND WHOLE OF 6 THE LEVEL GOES TILL PLAZA
HEIGHT, AND LOWER PORTION OF THESE BLOCKS ARE LEFT OPEN TO A HEIGHT OF
TWO STORYES
• THE TOP OF THE BUILDING IS DEVELOPED AS A ROOF GARDEN CONTAINING THE
SERVICE BLOCKS AND CAFETERIA FOR EMPLOYEES

42. PLANS

43. • THE PLASTIC EMPHASIS IS GIVEN TO
THE BUILDING BY FREE STANDING
EXTERIOR RAMPS ENCLOSED IN
ROUGH CONCRETE WALLS
• FOR SUPPLEMENTARY
COMMUNICATION WITHIN THE
BUILDING , EACH OF SIX BLOCKS IS
EQUIPPED WITH INTERIOR
STAIRWAYS AND LIMITED ELEVATOR
SERVICE
• HORIZONTAL CIRCULATION IS BY
MEANS OF A CENTRAL CORRIDORS
• FOR MINISTER’S BLOCK THE BAY
SIZE IS INCREASED AND THE
COLUMN IS THICKENED
HT OF 2
STOREYS
LEFT OPEN
COLUMNS SUPPORTING
1 ½ BLOCK

44. THE HIGH COURT

45. THE HIGH COURT
• THE HIGH COURT FORMED A PART AS “ A GRAT ARCHITECTURAL VENTURE USING VERY
POOR MATERIALS AND A LABOUR FORCEQUITE UNUSED TO MODERN BUILDING
TECHNIQUES
• AN ENTIRE STUCTURE HAS RESULTED IN THE USE OF DOUBLE ROOF
• THE UPPER ROOF CANTILEVERED OUT OF THE OFFICE BLOCK IN THE MANNER OF
PARASOL SHADING THE LOWER ROOF
• THE SPACE BETWEEN THE TWO ROOFS IS LEFT OPEN TO ENABLE CURRENTS OF AIR TO
MOVE BETWEEN THE FLAT ROOF OF THE OFFICE BLOCK AND THE UNDERSIDE OF THE
PARASOL ROOF WHICH SLOPES TOWARDS CENTER IN THE FORM OF ROWS OF ARCHES
• IN THE PLAN THE BUILDING TOOK THE FORM OF ABBREVIATED L – SHAPED WITH LONG
FAÇADE FACING THE CAPITOL PLAZA TO CONTAIN COURT ROOMS
• THE BUILDING IS A RECTILINEAR FRAME WITHIN WHICH THE INTERIOR FUNCTIONS ARE
DEFINED

46. CONTD..
• THE EIGHT COURT ROOMS ARE IDENTICALLY EXPRESSED ON THE MAIN FACADE AND
SEPARETED FROM THE LARGER HIGH COURT BY A MONUMENTAL COLUMNED
ENTRANCE RISING THE HEIGHT OF THE BUILDING
• BUILDING RISES DIRECTLY FROM THE EARTH
• THE MAIN FACADE IS DEFINED BY A FULL HEIGHT CONCRETE BRISE SOLEIL
• THE ARCH FORM IS RESTRICTED TO THE UNDERSIDE OF THE PARASOL ROOF
• IT IS THE VISUAL DRAMA OF THE PIERS RISING SIXTY FEET FROM THE GROUND TO
MEET THE HEAVY OUTWARD THRUST OF THE ROOF WHICH CREATES THE FOCAL
EMPHASIS OF THE PRESENT PLAN
• ON THE MAIN FACADE THE DEEP FIXED CONCRETE BRISE SOLEIL GIVES A STRONG
AND SCALELESS PATTERN TO THE BUILDING
• IT IS THE CONCRETE SCREEN WHICH GIVES THE MAIN FACADE ITS OVER ALL UNITY

47. • BEHIND THE BRISE SOLEIL , THE WINDOWS OF THE COURT ROOMS ARE OF
FIXED GLASS, BUT BETWEEN ARE NARROW VERTICAL SPACES CONTAINING
SHUTTERS WHICH OPEN AND CLOSE ON HINGES
• IT IS NOTED THAT THE ORIENTATION OF THE HIGH COURT IS SUCH THAT THE
MAIN FAÇADE FACES NORTH WEST , AND THIS DOES NOT RECEIVE DIRECT
SUNLIGHT
• THE ROUGH CONCRETE OF THE BUILDING IS TREATED IN VARIETY OF MANNERS
FOR MUCH OF THE SURFACE INCLUDING THE UNDERSIDE OF THE PARASOL
ROOF AND THE EXTERIOR SIDE WALLS , THE MASS OF SHEET METAL
CHARACTERIZE THE SURFACE
• IN PORTIONS OF THE INTERIOR AND ON THE RAMPS , WOODEN BOARDS HAVE
BEEN INSERTED WITH IN THE METAL FORMS TO GIVE THE CONCRETE SURFACE
THE IMPRESS OF THEIR JOINTED PATTERN, WHILE OTHER SURFACES,
INCLUDING THOSE OF MASSIVE ENTRANCE PIERS ARE FINISHED WITH GUNNITE
CEMENT

48. COLOURED MASSIVE PILLARS
PARASOL ROOF
FORMING ARCHES
DOUBLE ROOF
GAP LEFT BETWEEN
TWO ROOFS
FULL HT ENTRANCE
ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES

49. • THE ENTRANCE LOBBY IS PAVED WITH WHITISH FLAG STONE SET IN THE
ROWS OF VARYING WIDTHS
• NEW SCHEME FOR PAINTING THE COLUMNS AND PORTICO WALLS IN
BRIGHT CONTRASTING COLOURS
• THE INSIDE WALL TO THE LEFT OF THE PIERS WAS TO BE BLACK
• THE ADJACENT PILLAR PAINTED GREEN
• THE CENTER PIER WOULD BE YELLOW
• THE RIGHT HAND PILLAR IS RED
• AND THE REMAINING PORTICO WALL IS PRIMARY BLUE
• THE GRAET ENTRANCE HALL OF THE HIGH COURT IS ALSO BEEN FOUND IN
LACKING PROTECTION DURING THE MONSOON SEASON
• THE NARROW CURVING RAMP AT THE END OF THE ENTRANCE
HALL,WHICH FORMS THE MAIN VERTICAL CIRCULATION IS EXPOSED
• THE HORIZONTAL CIRCULATION, CONSISTING OF POEN CORRIDORS ON
THR REAR FACADE ,IS ALSO INEFFECTIVELY SHELTERED

50. THE ASSEMBLY HALL

51. THE ASSEMBLY HALL
• THE ASSEMBLY WAS CONCEIVED AS A RECTILINEAR STRUCTURE
• IT IS SQUARE IN PLAN WITH A MONUMENTAL PORTICO FACING THE MAIN PLAZA
• ON THE LATERAL FACADES BOTH THE PORTICO AND THE OFFICE BLOCK WOULD BE
DEFINED BY SOLID END WALLS
• THE LARGE CHAMBER IS IN HYPERBOLIC FORM OF THE COOLING TOWER WITH AN
AVERAGE THICKNESS OF 15 CMS
• THE SMALL COUNCIL CHAMBER ARE IN RECTILINEAR FRAME
• THE UPPER PORTION OF THE TOWER IS EXTENDING ABOVE THE ROOF LINE
• AN ASSEMBLY CHAMBER IS 128 FT IN DIAMETER AT ITS BASE AND RISES TO 124 FT AT
ITS HIGHEST POINT
• THIS TOWER WAS DESIGNED TO INSURE THE NATURAL LIGHT, VENTILATION AND
PROPER ACOUSTICS

52. • OF ALL BUILDINGS OF THE
CAPITOL COMPLEX , THE
ASSEMBLY IS THE MOST INTRICATE
IN PLAN
• SEPARATE CIRCULATION
ACCOMMODATION OF ALL
GROUPS IS PROVIDED
• EMPLOYING A SYSTEM OF
INDIVIDUAL ENTRANCES,
STAIRWAYS, LIFTS AND RAMP A
COMPLETE SEGREGATION OF
MEMBERS IS PROVIDED
• THER ARE TWO SEPARATE
GALLERIES FOR MEN AND
WOMEN IN COUNCIL CHAMBER
INTERIOR
VIEW OF A
CHAMBER
MUSHROOM
COLUMN
SUPPORTING
ROOF

54. SUKHNA LAKE, CHANDIGARH
• THE CLUB HOUSE- NORTH OF THE
CAPITOL NO ADDITIONAL
STRUCTURES WERE TO BE
ERECTED,IN ORDER NOT TO
IMPEDE THE VIEW OF THE
HIMALAYA.
• THIS WAS AN EXPRESS CONDITION
LAID DOWN BY LE CORBUSIER.
• THE CLUB HOUSE WAS HOWEVER
NECESSITY.
• LE CORBUSIER DESIGNED A
COMPLEX LYING 3METERS BENEATH
ROAD LEVEL,SO THAT THE HOUSE
IS SCARSELY VISIBLE FROM THE
PROMENADE.

55. • THE CAUSEWAY- CHANDIGARH
IS SURROUNDED BY THE RIVERS
PATIALI AND MANIMAJRA,
WHICH CARRY WATER ONLY
DURING THE MONSOON
SEASON.
• THE REINFORCED CONCRETE
CONSTRUCTION IS SIMPLE AND
PLAIN, AND ITS SEVERE LINES
HARMONIZE ENTIRELY WITH
THE NATURAL SETTING.
• AT ALL OTHER TIMES OF THE
YEAR THEY ARE DRY.

56. • DURING THE HOT MONTHS OF MAY AND JUNE, ENORMOUS
AMOUNTS OF DUST USED TO BLOW INTO THE CITY.
• TREES AND SHRUBS WERE PLANTED AS A PROTECTIVE ZONE
ALONG THESE RIVERS, SO THAT THE CITY IS NOW FREE OF THE
INCONVENIENCE OF THIS FLYING SAND.
• ONE OF THESE RIVERS HAS BEEN DAMMED.
• IN 1955 THE WATER BOULEVARD WAS EXTENDED IN THE SHAPE
OF A CAUSEWAY, OR DAM, THE RETAINING WALL BEING MORE
THAN

57. • 20 METERS HIGH AND 4
KILOMETERS LONG.
• THIS DAM,WITH ITS WIDTH ON
TOP OF 24METERS, THUS
YIELDED A PROMENADE.
• THE ARTIFICIAL LAKE CREATED
BEHIND THE DAM HAS
MODIFIED THE CLIMATE OF THE
CITY.

58. YES!!!
THIS IS THE END…
THANK YOU ALL FOR LISTENING PATIENTLY
SORRY FOR SUCH A LONG PRESENTATION…!!