Lec 01(introduction) Mechatronic systems

Faculty of Engineering
Ain Shams University
Mohammed Ibrahim
2/16/2017 1
MDP: Mechatronics (2)
Lecture 01: Mini-Projects and
Introduction to Mechatronics

Course outlines and Assessment
Course Outlines
Introduction, Mechatronics Systems Components, Mechatronics Product
Design Techniques, Decision Making in Design, Select a Suitable Technology
to Design Mechatronics Product, Actuators, Actuator selection, PZT and
flexure mechanism, Sensors, Interfacing, PLC and Data Acquisition.
Assessment Scheme
Lab progress = 15
Mini-project Progress = 15
Mini-project Final Submission = 15
Attendance = 5
Final Exam = 75
125

Course outlines, Assessment and Textbook
Course Notes
Lecture Slides handed out to students
Essential Books (Text Books)
 VDI 2206 standard guide, “Design methodology for mechatronic
systems”, German, 2004 .
 D. Shetty and R. Kolk, “Mechatronic System Design”, Cengage
Learning, 2nd Edition, 2011.
 Sabri Cetinkunt, “Mechatronics with Experiments”, Wiley, 2015.

Mini-Projects
 Objectives of the mini-project :
 To provide students with a realistic overview of the mechatronics system
design.
 To enable students to apply the state-of-the-art methodologies and
techniques in designing of mechatronic systems.
 To work in team.
 To practice mechatronics configuration as an engineering discipline.

Examples of mini-projects
 Examples of mini-projects:
 Medical haptic needle insertion simulator (such as
laparoscopic surgery).
Video: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=weXC09x-_DQ

 Gimbal System for Automatic IMU Testing
Gimbal Mechanism Example:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nlAfy_ha57M

 Active perception with array of tactile sensor
Video 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HxBOjJg55y4

 Soft robotics gripper for handling irregular shapes
Video 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gI0tzsO8xwc

 Adaptive bionic gripper (inspired from nature)
Video 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=90cXfaFM4O8

 Flex shape gripper (inspired from nature)
Video 1
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m7l-87r4oOY

Examples
 Bipedal robot based on passive dynamic walking
Video 1
Video 2
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CK8IFEGmiKY
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rhu2xNIpgDE

Examples
 Controlled damping system for Prosthetic Leg Prototype
Video 1

Inspired Design by Nature
Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q1MBIaNuLa8

Mechatronics Background
 The word mechatronics was first introduced by the senior engineer of
a Japanese company; Yaskawa, in 1969, as a combination of
"mecha" of mechanisms and "tronics" of electronics, and the company
was granted trademark rights on the word in 1971.
 The word soon received broad acceptance in industry and, in order to
allow its free use, Yaskawa decided to abandon his rights on the word
in 1982.
 The most commonly used one emphasizes synergy: Mechatronics is
synergistic integration of mechanical engineering, electronics and
intelligent computer control in design and manufacture of products
and processes.

The synergistic combination of mechanical, electrical, and computer
engineering
•Emphasis on integrated design for products
•Optimal combination of appropriate technologies

 The word has taken a wider meaning since then, and is now widely
used as a technical jargon word to describe a philosophical idea in
engineering technology, more than technology itself.
Mechatronic is multifaced engineering context to enhance
engineers’ decision making skills and problem solving of
engineering problems.
 Mechatronics is a design philosophy: an integrating approach to
engineering design.
 Mechatronics is a methodology used for the optimal design of inter-
disciplinary products.
 Through a mechanism of simulating interdisciplinary ideas and
techniques, mechatronics provides ideal conditions to raise the
synergy, thereby providing a catalytic effect for the new solutions to
technically complex situations.

Mechatronics System Components

Mechatronics Configuration
Mechanical
System

Advancements in Mechatronics
 Mechatronic products have become increasingly dominant in every
aspect of commercial marketplace as technologies, electronics, and
computers continue to be developed.
 Presently major commercial markets for mechatronic products are
in the form:
 Automobiles industry,
 aeronautical/astronautical systems (Aircraft and rocket
technologies),
 biological systems.
 Advancements in mechatronics in the areas of automobile
engineering, biotechnology, and aircraft and rocket engineering, have
given rise to specialized disciplines of:
 Autotronics ,
 Bionics (Biomechatronics),
 and avionics.

 Autotronics:
 The primary motivation for adopting mechatronic systems in
automobiles is to make automobiles safer, more comfortable,
fuel efficient, and less polluting systems.
 Smart vehicles are based on an extensive use of mechatronic
systems to detect the environment or road conditions.
 The design and production of mechatronic systems for
automobiles that perform at extreme environmental conditions
presents a major challenge to engineers.
 Application of mechatronic systems in automobiles is in the
following major areas:
 Safety
 Engine and power train
 Comfort and convenience
 Vehicle diagnostics and health monitoring

 Bionics (Biomechatronics):
 Biomechatronic is defined as a system that integrates
mechanisms, sensors, actuators, power supplies, control and
embedded systems, which are the main components of
mechatronics systems, to use with biological systems.
 Biomechatronic is using mechatronics concept to imitate
biological systems, e.g.: human, animal and bird.
 Bionics is poised to have significant stake in mechatronic sensors
market in the near future.
 Biosensors are extensively used in analytical chemistry and
biomedical care as well as genetic engineering. These sensors
usually involve biological molecules such as antibodies or
enzymes, which interact with analyses that are to be detected.

 Avionics:
 Numerous and complex mechatronic systems are used in
advanced commercial and military aircrafts. With the ever-
increasing emphasis on robustness and safety, there is a trend
towards using more mechatronic systems in aerospace industry.
 The major applications of mechatronic systems in aerospace
industry can be classified as follows:
 Cockpit instrumentation ( flight deck)
 Safety devices
 Wind tunnel instrumentation
 Sensors for fuel efficiency and safety
 Microgyroscope (IMU) for navigation and stability
 Microsatellites

Mechatronics Products
Ibot Robotic
Wheelchair
Slot DVD Drive
FAX
Photocopy
machine

Autotronics
Modern Trends of MS Development

Prosthetic Knee
Bebionic Hand

Avionics
 Aviation, space and military
techniques;

Mechatronic System Design
 The mechatronic design methodology is based on a concurrent
(instead of sequential) approach to discipline design, resulting in
products with more synergy.
 The branch of engineering called systems engineering uses a
concurrent approach for preliminary design. In a way, mechatronics
is an extension of the system engineering approach, but it is
supplemented with information systems to guide the design and is
applied at all stages of design (not just the preliminary design step).
 Mechatronics is a synergy in the integration of mechanical, electrical,
and computer systems with information systems for the design and
manufacture of products and processes. The synergy is generated by
the right combination of parameters; the final product can be better
than just the sum of its parts.
 Mechatronic products exhibit performance characteristics that were
previously difficult to achieve without the synergistic
combination.

 Mechatronic system design supports the concepts of concurrent
engineering.
 In the designing of a mechatronic product, it is necessary that the
knowledge and necessary information be coordinated amongst
different expert groups.
 Concurrent engineering is a design approach in which the design and
manufacture of a product are merged in a special way. It is the idea
that people can do a better job if they cooperate to achieve a common
goal. It has been influenced partly by the recognition that many of the
high costs in manufacturing are decided at the product design
stage itself.

 The characteristics of concurrent engineering are:
 Better definition of the product without late changes.
 Design for manufacturing and assembly undertaken in the early
design stage.
 Process on how the product development is well defined.
 Better cost estimates.
 Decrease in the barriers between design and manufacturing.
 However, the lack of a common interface language has made the
information exchange in concurrent engineering difficult.
 Successful implementation of concurrent engineering is possible by
coordinating an adequate exchange of information and dealing with
organizational barriers to cross-functional cooperation.
 Using concurrent engineering principles as a guide, the designed
product is likely to meet the basic requirements (High quality,
Robustness, Low cost, Time to market, and Customer satisfaction)

Mechatronics Design Process
 A major factor in the sequential approach (traditional) is the inherently
complex nature of designing a multidisciplinary system. Essentially,
mechatronics is an improvement upon existing lengthy and expensive
design processes.
 The mechatronic design process consists of three phases:
 modeling and simulation,
 prototyping,
 and deployment.

Methods for the Development of
Mechatronic systems
 Introductory Task
 What are the process for developing a
new washing machine?

1- Pre-Study Process
 Basics and Analysis: What is it all about?
 Developing a washing machine which uses a technique similar to
hand washing. A product like this would be more efficient and
ecological and would operate on lower costs.
 Study of Product, Customer and Market
 Product: A washing machine with this technology has the potential
to be faster, more ecological and more cost-efficient.
 Market: In a first step, the target market is Europe, Northern
America and Japan, households in well-developed countries.
 Customer: In the beginning, the target group will consist of people
with average (or high) income and a sense for cost-efficiency and
ecology.

4- Finding solutions for each function
 Solutions for each function trough creativity methods
 Brainstorming
 Filtering the solutions
 Ask the following questions for every solution:
 Does the solution satisfy all the requirements of the
requirement list?
 Is there a solution which is really similar or even the
same? Condense them to one solution.
 If there are more than 6 solutions left for one function:
 Evaluate the worst and get rid of it.

5- Evaluating the best solution

Design Methodology for Mechatronic
Systems
 VDI 2206 standard guide, “Design
methodology for mechatronic
systems”, German, 2004 .

Design Procedures
 Main procedures:
 Requirements.
 System design.
 Domain specific design.
 System integration.
 Modeling and model analysis.
 Assurance of properties.

Questions
Questions
2/16/2017 43

Lec 01(introduction) Mechatronic systems

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