LEARNING.pptx
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This document defines learning as a relatively permanent change in behavior due to experience. It discusses factors that affect learning such as the environment, learner, teacher, and others. Several theories of learning are presented, including trial-and-error learning theory, classical conditioning theory, operant conditioning theory, cognitive learning theory, and social learning theory. Classical conditioning associates a conditioned stimulus with a conditioned response through repeated pairing, while operant conditioning associates behaviors with consequences to increase or decrease those behaviors.
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Organizational Behavior : Learning
This document discusses various theories of learning, including classical conditioning, operant conditioning, cognitive processes, and social learning. It provides examples of Ivan Pavlov's classical conditioning experiments with dogs. It also explains B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning theory and the use of reinforcement and punishment. The document then discusses Edward Tolman's cognitive theory involving relationships between cues and expectations. Finally, it covers social learning theory and the processes of attention, retention, motor reproduction, and reinforcement through observation.
Learning by Neeraj Bhandari ( Surkhet.Nepal )
1) Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience or practice. Learning itself is not observable, only changes in behavior are.
2) There are several theories that describe how learning occurs, including classical conditioning (Pavlov's dog experiment), operant conditioning (behavior is shaped by consequences), cognitive learning theory (learning results from deliberate thinking), and social learning theory (learning through observing others).
3) Key components of learning include bringing about a change, resulting in a long-lasting change, arising from experience or practice, and being influenced by reinforcement which strengthens desirable behaviors.
lecture_notes.9.26.11
The document provides an overview of behavioral views of learning, including classical and operant conditioning. It discusses key concepts such as reinforcement, punishment, shaping behaviors, and applying behavioral principles in the classroom. Behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors and how they are strengthened or weakened through consequences like rewards and punishments in the environment.
Session 6 learning
1. The document discusses various theories of learning including classical conditioning, operant conditioning, cognitive learning theories, and social learning theory.
2. It explains key concepts in learning such as explicit and tacit knowledge, principles of learning including motivation, reinforcement, and learning styles.
3. Four main theories are described - classical conditioning explains respondent behaviors, operant conditioning focuses on voluntary behaviors influenced by consequences, cognitive theories see learning as mental information processing, and social learning emphasizes learning from observing others.
Learning
A relatively permanent change in behavior of a person that occurs as a result of a his
direct or indirect (experience) interactions with the environment.
The behavioral change must be relatively permanent.
The change in behavior may be both good or bad
Nature/Features of Learning
Change in behavior
Change should be permanent
Change should be based upon some experience, practice or training.
Learning is reflected in behavior
Change in behavior may be both good or bad
Everything can be learned
Learning in OB
Learning: A relatively permanent change in behavior of a person that occurs as a result of a his
direct or indirect (experience) interactions with the environment.
The behavioral change must be relatively permanent.
Factors affecting learning
Motivation of a learner
Mental set of a learner to be prepared to learn.
Learning materials- quality, easiness, meaningfulness
Practice – is a very basic condition for learning
Environment -in which learning occurs.
Learning theories:
Ivan Pavlov-Russian psychologist
Behavior is learned by repetitive association between a stimulus
and a response.(S-R association)
Unconditioned stimulus-invariably causes reaction in a specific way
Unconditioned response- reaction to the unconditional stimulus
Conditioned stimulus- Artificial stimulus
Conditioned response- Reaction to the conditional stimulus alone
Classical Conditioning Theory
Operant conditioning Theory
Cognitive Learning Theory
Social Learning Theory
Learning psy presentation done psy
This document defines learning and different types of learning. It begins by defining learning as a relatively permanent change in behavior or mental state based on experience. It then discusses different types of learning, including non-associative learning like habituation and sensitization, and associative learning like classical and operant conditioning. Finally, it outlines some key characteristics of learning and factors that can influence it, such as learner traits, teacher qualities, and environmental conditions.
learning in nursing education
This document discusses various definitions, characteristics, principles, domains, and theories of learning. It begins by defining learning as a process of adopting new behaviors through experience in order to overcome obstacles. Some key points discussed include:
- Learning results in enduring changes in behavior and involves adjusting to new situations.
- Important factors in learning include motivation, practice, feedback, and the learning environment.
- Learning involves cognitive, psychomotor, and affective domains and can be measured based on knowledge, skills, and attitudes gained.
- Learning theories discussed include behavioral, cognitive, and constructivist approaches. Conditioning and reinforcement play a role in behavioral theories of learning.
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Organizational Behavior : Learning
This document discusses various theories of learning, including classical conditioning, operant conditioning, cognitive processes, and social learning. It provides examples of Ivan Pavlov's classical conditioning experiments with dogs. It also explains B.F. Skinner's operant conditioning theory and the use of reinforcement and punishment. The document then discusses Edward Tolman's cognitive theory involving relationships between cues and expectations. Finally, it covers social learning theory and the processes of attention, retention, motor reproduction, and reinforcement through observation.
Learning by Neeraj Bhandari ( Surkhet.Nepal )
1) Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience or practice. Learning itself is not observable, only changes in behavior are.
2) There are several theories that describe how learning occurs, including classical conditioning (Pavlov's dog experiment), operant conditioning (behavior is shaped by consequences), cognitive learning theory (learning results from deliberate thinking), and social learning theory (learning through observing others).
3) Key components of learning include bringing about a change, resulting in a long-lasting change, arising from experience or practice, and being influenced by reinforcement which strengthens desirable behaviors.
lecture_notes.9.26.11
The document provides an overview of behavioral views of learning, including classical and operant conditioning. It discusses key concepts such as reinforcement, punishment, shaping behaviors, and applying behavioral principles in the classroom. Behaviorism focuses on observable behaviors and how they are strengthened or weakened through consequences like rewards and punishments in the environment.
Session 6 learning
1. The document discusses various theories of learning including classical conditioning, operant conditioning, cognitive learning theories, and social learning theory.
2. It explains key concepts in learning such as explicit and tacit knowledge, principles of learning including motivation, reinforcement, and learning styles.
3. Four main theories are described - classical conditioning explains respondent behaviors, operant conditioning focuses on voluntary behaviors influenced by consequences, cognitive theories see learning as mental information processing, and social learning emphasizes learning from observing others.
Learning
A relatively permanent change in behavior of a person that occurs as a result of a his
direct or indirect (experience) interactions with the environment.
The behavioral change must be relatively permanent.
The change in behavior may be both good or bad
Nature/Features of Learning
Change in behavior
Change should be permanent
Change should be based upon some experience, practice or training.
Learning is reflected in behavior
Change in behavior may be both good or bad
Everything can be learned
Learning in OB
Learning: A relatively permanent change in behavior of a person that occurs as a result of a his
direct or indirect (experience) interactions with the environment.
The behavioral change must be relatively permanent.
Factors affecting learning
Motivation of a learner
Mental set of a learner to be prepared to learn.
Learning materials- quality, easiness, meaningfulness
Practice – is a very basic condition for learning
Environment -in which learning occurs.
Learning theories:
Ivan Pavlov-Russian psychologist
Behavior is learned by repetitive association between a stimulus
and a response.(S-R association)
Unconditioned stimulus-invariably causes reaction in a specific way
Unconditioned response- reaction to the unconditional stimulus
Conditioned stimulus- Artificial stimulus
Conditioned response- Reaction to the conditional stimulus alone
Classical Conditioning Theory
Operant conditioning Theory
Cognitive Learning Theory
Social Learning Theory
Learning psy presentation done psy
This document defines learning and different types of learning. It begins by defining learning as a relatively permanent change in behavior or mental state based on experience. It then discusses different types of learning, including non-associative learning like habituation and sensitization, and associative learning like classical and operant conditioning. Finally, it outlines some key characteristics of learning and factors that can influence it, such as learner traits, teacher qualities, and environmental conditions.
learning in nursing education
This document discusses various definitions, characteristics, principles, domains, and theories of learning. It begins by defining learning as a process of adopting new behaviors through experience in order to overcome obstacles. Some key points discussed include:
- Learning results in enduring changes in behavior and involves adjusting to new situations.
- Important factors in learning include motivation, practice, feedback, and the learning environment.
- Learning involves cognitive, psychomotor, and affective domains and can be measured based on knowledge, skills, and attitudes gained.
- Learning theories discussed include behavioral, cognitive, and constructivist approaches. Conditioning and reinforcement play a role in behavioral theories of learning.
LEARNING & BEHAVIOR REINFORCEMENT.pptx
This document discusses learning, behavior reinforcement, and reinforcement theories. It defines learning as a permanent change in behavior resulting from direct or indirect experience. Reinforcement strengthens desired behaviors through consequences like rewards or punishments. Theories of reinforcement discussed include classical conditioning, operant conditioning, social learning, and cognitive learning. Types of reinforcement contingencies are positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, punishment, and extinction. Reinforcement schedules that determine when behaviors are rewarded include fixed interval, fixed ratio, variable interval, and variable ratio schedules.
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Behaviorism is a learning theory that states all behaviors are learned through interaction with the environment, specifically through conditioning. It focuses only on observable behaviors that can be systematically studied. The behaviorist movement began in 1913 emphasizing environmental influences on behavior and the role of learning through conditioning rather than innate factors. Behaviorism uses principles of classical and operant conditioning to modify behavior through reinforcement or punishment. In classroom settings, behaviorism is applied through strategies like positive reinforcement, drills, guided practice, and regular reviews to shape student behavior and learning.
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Behavioral learning theory focuses on how the environment impacts observable behavior. Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience or practice. The theory views learning as a stimulus-response process, where behaviors are strengthened or weakened through reinforcement or punishment. Proponents such as Pavlov, Watson, and Skinner conducted experiments on animal conditioning to understand human behavior and argue it can be predicted and controlled through environmental manipulation.
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Learning involves the modification of behavior through experience and training. It means acquiring, retaining, and modifying experiences by establishing new relationships between stimuli and responses. Learning helps develop problem-solving abilities and allows understanding relationships between different concepts. It is an automatic process that occurs when a child becomes active. Learning produces changes in behavior and involves adjusting to one's environment through intelligent and active organization of experiences.
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This document discusses individual learning and behavior modification theories. It defines learning as a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience. It outlines several theories of learning, including behaviorist theories like classical and operant conditioning, as well as cognitive theories. Classical conditioning involves pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response. Operant conditioning uses reinforcement and punishment to modify voluntary behaviors. The document also discusses applications of learning theories and behavior modification in organizations, such as using lotteries to reduce absenteeism and implementing self-management approaches.
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The document discusses definitions and theories of learning. It provides several definitions of learning as a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience. It also summarizes five major theories of learning: classical conditioning, operant conditioning, cognitive learning theory, selective learning theory, and social learning theory. The key aspects of each theory are described. Principles of learning including reinforcement, punishment, and feedback are also outlined.
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Education aims to fully develop students' abilities and personality traits, but lack of motivation can hinder achieving objectives. Reinforcement principles may help by strengthening desired behaviors. Reinforcement increases the likelihood a response will occur again by presenting a contingent stimulus. It can be positive (adding a reward) or negative (removing an unwanted stimulus). Effective reinforcement schedules include continuous, fixed-ratio, variable-ratio, fixed-interval, and variable-interval. B.F. Skinner influenced education by showing positive reinforcement is more effective than punishment at changing behaviors. Teachers can improve by using immediate positive reinforcement, continuous reinforcement programs, and reinforcing across different times and settings.
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This document discusses behaviourism and Thorndike's trial and error theory of learning. Behaviourism views learning as behaviour modification through reinforcement and drill/practice techniques. Thorndike's theory proposed that learning occurs through a process of trial and error, where learners make random responses until finding the correct one. With repeated trials, incorrect responses are eliminated and correct ones are strengthened through reinforcement or satisfaction. Thorndike also described laws of learning related to readiness, exercise, and the effect of reinforcement on strengthening connections between stimuli and responses. The implications are that motivation, reinforcement, review, and linking new knowledge to past experience are important for learning.
Learning theorie by a s
Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience. There are two main types of learning: classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning involves reflexive responses to stimuli while operant conditioning uses reinforcement and punishment to modify voluntary behaviors and their consequences. Positive reinforcement strengthens behaviors by adding desirable outcomes, while negative reinforcement strengthens behaviors by removing undesirable outcomes. Bandura's social learning theory posits that learning occurs through observation, imitation, and modeling the behaviors of others.
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This document defines learning and discusses several theories of learning, including classical conditioning, operant conditioning, cognitive learning, and social learning. It provides details on operant conditioning theory, proposed by B.F. Skinner, which suggests that behavior is influenced by its consequences. There are four types of reinforcement in operant conditioning: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, extinction, and punishment. Reinforcement increases the likelihood a behavior will be repeated, while punishment decreases likelihood.
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Operant conditioning is a method of learning through reinforcement and punishment of behaviors. B.F. Skinner coined the term and conducted experiments using animals in a Skinner Box. He found that behaviors followed by reinforcement are more likely to be repeated, while behaviors followed by punishment are less likely to be repeated. There are different types of reinforcement and punishment that can strengthen or weaken behaviors according to operant conditioning principles.
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Classical and operant conditioning are two types of learning processes studied in psychology. Classical conditioning involves associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response, while operant conditioning uses reinforcement and punishment to shape behaviors. Applied behavior analysis uses principles of operant conditioning to modify behaviors by increasing desirable ones and decreasing undesirable ones. Observational learning and social cognitive approaches also influence behaviors by modeling and social support. Self-regulated learning involves students planning tasks, monitoring performance, and reflecting on outcomes in a cyclical process to improve skills. Providing distance learning modules for tertiary students in the Philippines with opportunities for teacher guidance could support self-regulated learning.
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The document discusses the behavioral approach to curriculum. It defines the behavioral approach as focusing on observable and measurable human behavior, influenced by external stimuli and reinforcement. The key principles are that behavior reinforced will reoccur, information should be broken into small amounts, and the teacher is the expert who employs reinforcement to encourage students to reach objectives. While clarity is a benefit, critics argue higher-order learning cannot be reduced to specific objectives.
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Learning involves a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge as a result of experience. There are several theories that explain how learning occurs, including classical conditioning, operant conditioning, cognitive learning, and social learning. For learning to be effective, trainees must be motivated, the information must be meaningful, and feedback should be provided. Reinforcement and punishment can shape behaviors by increasing or decreasing the likelihood they will be repeated.
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Theories of learning:
Behavioral perspective
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Observational learning
Insight learning
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Shaping behavior
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Negative reinforcement
Punishment
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Schedule of reinforcement
Behavior modification
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The document discusses the concepts of training, development, and learning. It defines learning as "any relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of practice and experience". The document outlines several principles of learning, including that learning requires feedback, practice enhances performance, and learning is problem-solving. It also describes the four steps of the learning process: perceiving, deciding, acting, and receiving feedback. The learning process involves taking in information, analyzing it based on knowledge and experience to make decisions, implementing those decisions through action, and using feedback to improve.
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Behavioral learning theory focuses on how the environment impacts observable behavior. Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience or practice. The theory views learning as a stimulus-response process, where behaviors are strengthened or weakened through reinforcement or punishment. Proponents such as Pavlov, Watson, and Skinner conducted experiments on animal conditioning to understand human behavior and argue it can be predicted and controlled through environmental manipulation.
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This document discusses individual learning and behavior modification theories. It defines learning as a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience. It outlines several theories of learning, including behaviorist theories like classical and operant conditioning, as well as cognitive theories. Classical conditioning involves pairing a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response. Operant conditioning uses reinforcement and punishment to modify voluntary behaviors. The document also discusses applications of learning theories and behavior modification in organizations, such as using lotteries to reduce absenteeism and implementing self-management approaches.
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The document discusses definitions and theories of learning. It provides several definitions of learning as a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience. It also summarizes five major theories of learning: classical conditioning, operant conditioning, cognitive learning theory, selective learning theory, and social learning theory. The key aspects of each theory are described. Principles of learning including reinforcement, punishment, and feedback are also outlined.
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Education aims to fully develop students' abilities and personality traits, but lack of motivation can hinder achieving objectives. Reinforcement principles may help by strengthening desired behaviors. Reinforcement increases the likelihood a response will occur again by presenting a contingent stimulus. It can be positive (adding a reward) or negative (removing an unwanted stimulus). Effective reinforcement schedules include continuous, fixed-ratio, variable-ratio, fixed-interval, and variable-interval. B.F. Skinner influenced education by showing positive reinforcement is more effective than punishment at changing behaviors. Teachers can improve by using immediate positive reinforcement, continuous reinforcement programs, and reinforcing across different times and settings.
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This document discusses behaviourism and Thorndike's trial and error theory of learning. Behaviourism views learning as behaviour modification through reinforcement and drill/practice techniques. Thorndike's theory proposed that learning occurs through a process of trial and error, where learners make random responses until finding the correct one. With repeated trials, incorrect responses are eliminated and correct ones are strengthened through reinforcement or satisfaction. Thorndike also described laws of learning related to readiness, exercise, and the effect of reinforcement on strengthening connections between stimuli and responses. The implications are that motivation, reinforcement, review, and linking new knowledge to past experience are important for learning.
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Learning is defined as a relatively permanent change in behavior resulting from experience. There are two main types of learning: classical conditioning and operant conditioning. Classical conditioning involves reflexive responses to stimuli while operant conditioning uses reinforcement and punishment to modify voluntary behaviors and their consequences. Positive reinforcement strengthens behaviors by adding desirable outcomes, while negative reinforcement strengthens behaviors by removing undesirable outcomes. Bandura's social learning theory posits that learning occurs through observation, imitation, and modeling the behaviors of others.
Ecology of Human Performance
The Ecology of Human Performance framework was developed by occupational therapists to emphasize the role of context in occupational performance. It views the person and environment as interdependent and examines how their interaction impacts tasks and performance. The framework's core components are the person, context, tasks, and performance. It provides five intervention strategies - establish/restore, adapt, alter, prevent, and create - to facilitate optimal occupational performance through modifying features of the person, context, and/or task.
Learning theories
Learning involves acquiring knowledge or skills through study, experience, or being taught. It results in changed performance related to experience rather than maturation alone. Learning in organizations allows people to understand workplace behaviors, manage diversity, adapt to new technologies, facilitate organizational change, and achieve goals like total quality management. Several theories help explain learning, including reinforcement theory, classical conditioning, cognitive theory, and social learning theory. Behavioral modification applies reinforcement theory to modify behaviors in work settings through identifying behaviors, measuring frequencies, analyzing contingencies, developing intervention strategies, applying strategies, maintaining desired behaviors, and evaluating results. Non-sampling errors in surveys can be minimized by checking processes, preparing questionnaires carefully, conducting pilot tests, establishing procedures, using qualified staff, providing
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Learning
This document defines learning and discusses several theories of learning, including classical conditioning, operant conditioning, cognitive learning, and social learning. It provides details on operant conditioning theory, proposed by B.F. Skinner, which suggests that behavior is influenced by its consequences. There are four types of reinforcement in operant conditioning: positive reinforcement, negative reinforcement, extinction, and punishment. Reinforcement increases the likelihood a behavior will be repeated, while punishment decreases likelihood.
Operand Conditioning
Operant conditioning is a method of learning through reinforcement and punishment of behaviors. B.F. Skinner coined the term and conducted experiments using animals in a Skinner Box. He found that behaviors followed by reinforcement are more likely to be repeated, while behaviors followed by punishment are less likely to be repeated. There are different types of reinforcement and punishment that can strengthen or weaken behaviors according to operant conditioning principles.
WEEK 5 ULOb.docx
Classical and operant conditioning are two types of learning processes studied in psychology. Classical conditioning involves associating a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus to elicit a conditioned response, while operant conditioning uses reinforcement and punishment to shape behaviors. Applied behavior analysis uses principles of operant conditioning to modify behaviors by increasing desirable ones and decreasing undesirable ones. Observational learning and social cognitive approaches also influence behaviors by modeling and social support. Self-regulated learning involves students planning tasks, monitoring performance, and reflecting on outcomes in a cyclical process to improve skills. Providing distance learning modules for tertiary students in the Philippines with opportunities for teacher guidance could support self-regulated learning.
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The document discusses the behavioral approach to curriculum. It defines the behavioral approach as focusing on observable and measurable human behavior, influenced by external stimuli and reinforcement. The key principles are that behavior reinforced will reoccur, information should be broken into small amounts, and the teacher is the expert who employs reinforcement to encourage students to reach objectives. While clarity is a benefit, critics argue higher-order learning cannot be reduced to specific objectives.
Amit learning theories
Learning involves a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge as a result of experience. There are several theories that explain how learning occurs, including classical conditioning, operant conditioning, cognitive learning, and social learning. For learning to be effective, trainees must be motivated, the information must be meaningful, and feedback should be provided. Reinforcement and punishment can shape behaviors by increasing or decreasing the likelihood they will be repeated.
learning
Concept
Theories of learning:
Behavioral perspective
Classical conditioning
Operant conditioning
Cognitive perspective
Observational learning
Insight learning
Application of learning theories:
Shaping behavior
Positive reinforcement
Negative reinforcement
Punishment
Extinction
Schedule of reinforcement
Behavior modification
LEARNING.pptx
The document discusses the concepts of training, development, and learning. It defines learning as "any relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of practice and experience". The document outlines several principles of learning, including that learning requires feedback, practice enhances performance, and learning is problem-solving. It also describes the four steps of the learning process: perceiving, deciding, acting, and receiving feedback. The learning process involves taking in information, analyzing it based on knowledge and experience to make decisions, implementing those decisions through action, and using feedback to improve.
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Since our release of the PGx capabilities in VarSeq, we’ve had a few months to gather some insights from various use cases. Some users approach PGx workflows by means of array genotyping or what seems to be a growing trend of adding the star allele calling to the existing NGS pipeline for whole genome data. Luckily, both approaches are supported with the VarSeq software platform. The genotyping method being used will also dictate what the scope of the tertiary analysis will be. For example, are your PGx reports a standalone pipeline or would your lab’s goal be to handle a dual-purpose workflow and report on PGx + Diagnostic findings.
The purpose of this webcast is to:
Discuss and demonstrate the approaches with array and NGS genotyping methods for star allele calling to prep for downstream analysis.
Following genotyping, explore alternative tertiary workflow concepts in VarSeq to handle PGx reporting.
Moreover, we will include insights users will need to consider when validating their PGx workflow for all possible star alleles and options you have for automating your PGx analysis for large number of samples. Please join us for a session dedicated to the application of star allele genotyping and subsequent PGx workflows in our VarSeq software.
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Giloy in Ayurveda - Classical Categorization and Synonyms
Giloy, also known as Guduchi or Amrita in classical Ayurvedic texts, is a revered herb renowned for its myriad health benefits. It is categorized as a Rasayana, meaning it has rejuvenating properties that enhance vitality and longevity. Giloy is celebrated for its ability to boost the immune system, detoxify the body, and promote overall wellness. Its anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, and antioxidant properties make it a staple in managing conditions like fever, diabetes, and stress. The versatility and efficacy of Giloy in supporting health naturally highlight its importance in Ayurveda. At Planet Ayurveda, we provide a comprehensive range of health services and 100% herbal supplements that harness the power of natural ingredients like Giloy. Our products are globally available and affordable, ensuring that everyone can benefit from the ancient wisdom of Ayurveda. If you or your loved ones are dealing with health issues, contact Planet Ayurveda at 01725214040 to book an online video consultation with our professional doctors. Let us help you achieve optimal health and wellness naturally.
5 Effective Homeopathic Medicines for Irregular Periods
Discover the benefits of homeopathic medicine for irregular periods with our guide on 5 common remedies. Learn how these natural treatments can help regulate menstrual cycles and improve overall menstrual health.
Visit Us: https://drdeepikashomeopathy.com/service/irregular-periods-treatment/
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- 2. LEARNING
- 3. LEARNING DEFINITION Learning is defined as any relatively permanent change in behaviour that occurs as a result of practice or experience
- 4. FACTORS AFFECTING LEARNING FACTOR RELATED TO Environmental Learner Teacher Others
- 5. THEORIES OF LEARNING TRIAL AND ERROR LEARNING THEORY THEORY OF CLASSICAL CONDITIONING THEORY OF OPERANT CONDITIONING THEORY OF INSIGHTFUL LEARNING/COGNITIVE LEARNING THEORY OF SOCIAL LEARNING/BANDURA’s LEARNING THEORY
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- 15. Sr No CLASSICAL CONDITIONING OPERANT CONDITIONING 1 Classical conditioning works on building associations between a conditioned stimulus and conditioned response Operant conditioning works on building associations between response and the consequence of response 2 Behaviour is elicited by unconditioned or conditioned stimulus Behaviour is elicited voluntarily to produce a desirable result 3 Individual/organism is passive Individual/organism is active 4 Conditioning is stimulus oriented Conditioning is response oriented 5 Before conditioning unconditioned stimulus leads to unconditioned response after conditioning conditioned stimulus leads to conditioned response Reinforcement leads to increase in response/behaviour and Punishment leads to decrease in response/behaviour 6 Example-after a doctor gives a painful injection (unconditioned stimulus) to a child that causes the baby to cry (unconditioned stimulus) The child develops fear such that on sight of injection (conditioned stimulus) the baby starts to cry (conditioned response) Example- a student who after studying hard earns good marks (reinforcement) is more likely to study hard in the future, A student who fails in exams (punishment) after watching movie before the exams is less likely to watch movie before the next exam