Laura mulvey’s gaze theory
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Laura Mulvey's Gaze Theory argues that women are sexually objectified and portrayed as objects to be looked at in music videos. Specifically, camera work and shots are used to sexualize women by focusing on curves and presenting them as objects rather than people based on male desires. Stuart Hall's Reception Theory then states that media producers encode messages and meanings into texts, but audiences can decode them in different, sometimes unintended ways, including dominant, negotiated, or oppositional readings.
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Laura Mulvey’s Gaze Theory and Stuart Hall's Reception Theory
Laura Mulvey's Gaze Theory argues that women are sexually objectified and portrayed as passive objects in music videos through techniques like camera work and focusing on curves of the female body. She asserts that this reflects a male view of women as objects to be looked at, rather than people. Stuart Hall's Reception Theory holds that media producers encode messages in texts but audiences can decode them in different, sometimes unintended ways depending on their own perspectives.
Laura mulvey
This document outlines Laura Mulvey's Male Gaze theory of how women are represented in media. Mulvey argues that women are typically portrayed as objects for the male gaze, with the camera emphasizing their bodies and sexuality. The document discusses applying Mulvey's theory by analyzing portrayals of women in music videos and film trailers. Students are tasked with watching various media clips and assessing whether they depict women as sexual objects focused on pleasing the male viewer's look. The lesson aims to have students understand Mulvey's theory, form their own opinions on modern representations of women, and consider how her analysis could be expanded.
Music video theory
The document discusses several theories related to music videos, including their narrative structure, genres, audiences, and representations. It explains Tzvetan Todorov's narrative theory of equilibrium, disruption, and return to equilibrium. It also outlines Andrew Goodwin's 5 key aspects of music videos and Jeremy Tunstall's three levels of audience engagement (primary, secondary, tertiary). Finally, it summarizes Tessa Perkins' theory that stereotypes in media are based on repeated representations and contain elements of truth, challenging common assumptions about them.
Mulvey's Male gaze
Laura Mulvey's theory of the male gaze suggests that in traditional films, the camera adopts the perspective of the assumed male viewer by objectifying and sexualizing female characters. This objectification is achieved through techniques like lingering shots of women's bodies and by primarily featuring male protagonists that male audiences can relate to, which presents women as passive objects for the male gaze. The male gaze is viewed by feminists as how men look at women, how women look at themselves, and how women look at other women in films.
The male gaze
The male gaze refers to how women are typically depicted from a heterosexual male point of view in visual media like films. Feminist theorist Laura Mulvey introduced the concept of the male gaze in 1975, arguing that women are often portrayed as sexual objects for the visual pleasure of male characters and audiences. She believed films present a heterosexual male perspective and that women are viewed as sexual spectacles rather than fully realized characters. The male gaze objectifies and fetishizes women for male pleasure through techniques like voyeurism and the camera's depiction of women as passive objects rather than active subjects.
Male gaze
This document discusses the concept of the male gaze and how it is defined through three dimensions: how men look at women, how women look at themselves, and how women look at other women. It outlines different types of gazes including the spectator's gaze, intra-diegetic gaze, extra-diegetic gaze, camera gaze, and editorial gaze. It then discusses Laura Mulvey's influential 1975 essay "Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema" which argued that women are presented as objects of visual pleasure through voyeurism in cinema and are viewed from the perspective of the heterosexual male gaze. Mulvey described three types of looking - that of the camera, audience, and characters on screen.
Male gaze
The male gaze is a feminist theory that describes the visual objectification of women in film and media from the heterosexual male perspective. Laura Mulvey introduced the concept in 1975, arguing that women are typically portrayed as passive objects for the male gaze and pleasure. The male gaze asserts dominance and power over women by lingering on female bodies from the male point of view. It also suggests that women welcome this objectification as they see themselves through men's eyes due to societal power imbalances reinforced in film.
Gender representation
The document discusses how men and women are typically portrayed in music videos. It notes that men are often depicted as independent, competent, and unemotional, while women are more likely to be sexualized objects that dance and are dressed provocatively. Women are portrayed in stereotypical gender roles like cheerleaders or waitresses. Research findings suggest women are more passive and subject to the male gaze in music videos across genres.
Recommended
Laura Mulvey’s Gaze Theory and Stuart Hall's Reception Theory
Laura Mulvey's Gaze Theory argues that women are sexually objectified and portrayed as passive objects in music videos through techniques like camera work and focusing on curves of the female body. She asserts that this reflects a male view of women as objects to be looked at, rather than people. Stuart Hall's Reception Theory holds that media producers encode messages in texts but audiences can decode them in different, sometimes unintended ways depending on their own perspectives.
Laura mulvey
This document outlines Laura Mulvey's Male Gaze theory of how women are represented in media. Mulvey argues that women are typically portrayed as objects for the male gaze, with the camera emphasizing their bodies and sexuality. The document discusses applying Mulvey's theory by analyzing portrayals of women in music videos and film trailers. Students are tasked with watching various media clips and assessing whether they depict women as sexual objects focused on pleasing the male viewer's look. The lesson aims to have students understand Mulvey's theory, form their own opinions on modern representations of women, and consider how her analysis could be expanded.
Music video theory
The document discusses several theories related to music videos, including their narrative structure, genres, audiences, and representations. It explains Tzvetan Todorov's narrative theory of equilibrium, disruption, and return to equilibrium. It also outlines Andrew Goodwin's 5 key aspects of music videos and Jeremy Tunstall's three levels of audience engagement (primary, secondary, tertiary). Finally, it summarizes Tessa Perkins' theory that stereotypes in media are based on repeated representations and contain elements of truth, challenging common assumptions about them.
Mulvey's Male gaze
Laura Mulvey's theory of the male gaze suggests that in traditional films, the camera adopts the perspective of the assumed male viewer by objectifying and sexualizing female characters. This objectification is achieved through techniques like lingering shots of women's bodies and by primarily featuring male protagonists that male audiences can relate to, which presents women as passive objects for the male gaze. The male gaze is viewed by feminists as how men look at women, how women look at themselves, and how women look at other women in films.
The male gaze
The male gaze refers to how women are typically depicted from a heterosexual male point of view in visual media like films. Feminist theorist Laura Mulvey introduced the concept of the male gaze in 1975, arguing that women are often portrayed as sexual objects for the visual pleasure of male characters and audiences. She believed films present a heterosexual male perspective and that women are viewed as sexual spectacles rather than fully realized characters. The male gaze objectifies and fetishizes women for male pleasure through techniques like voyeurism and the camera's depiction of women as passive objects rather than active subjects.
Male gaze
This document discusses the concept of the male gaze and how it is defined through three dimensions: how men look at women, how women look at themselves, and how women look at other women. It outlines different types of gazes including the spectator's gaze, intra-diegetic gaze, extra-diegetic gaze, camera gaze, and editorial gaze. It then discusses Laura Mulvey's influential 1975 essay "Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema" which argued that women are presented as objects of visual pleasure through voyeurism in cinema and are viewed from the perspective of the heterosexual male gaze. Mulvey described three types of looking - that of the camera, audience, and characters on screen.
Male gaze
The male gaze is a feminist theory that describes the visual objectification of women in film and media from the heterosexual male perspective. Laura Mulvey introduced the concept in 1975, arguing that women are typically portrayed as passive objects for the male gaze and pleasure. The male gaze asserts dominance and power over women by lingering on female bodies from the male point of view. It also suggests that women welcome this objectification as they see themselves through men's eyes due to societal power imbalances reinforced in film.
Gender representation
The document discusses how men and women are typically portrayed in music videos. It notes that men are often depicted as independent, competent, and unemotional, while women are more likely to be sexualized objects that dance and are dressed provocatively. Women are portrayed in stereotypical gender roles like cheerleaders or waitresses. Research findings suggest women are more passive and subject to the male gaze in music videos across genres.
Template story board
1. The document outlines the cinematography, mise-en-scene, sound, and editing techniques used in a music video featuring an artist named Lukatar. It provides descriptions for 60 scenes in the video.
2. The video begins by establishing Lukatar at school, then shows her gaining fame and wealth as a musician. Scenes showcase her dancing, rapping, and flashy outfits against backgrounds like graffiti walls and money.
3. As the video progresses, it depicts Lukatar enjoying the lavish lifestyle that fame provides but also facing negativity from others. She begins drinking heavily and partying excessively in an attempt to cope with the downsides of her celebrity status.
First Storyboard
Marika Hackman is planning a music video for her song "Drown." The video will feature Marika singing and playing guitar in various outdoor locations by the ocean. She will be alone for most of the video with occasional cuts to flashbacks of a past relationship that ended badly and left her heartbroken.
Jason mittell (2001)
Jason Mittell argues that genres surpass media texts and operate within cultural practices and the relationships between industries, audiences, and culture. Industries use familiar genre conventions to sell products to audiences, while genres allow audiences to make choices about what to consume. For example, the Red Hot Chili Peppers' "Can't Stop" music video presents them as fun, creative people rejecting normal lifestyles through their funk rock performance. Weezer's "Buddy Holly" video is stylistically based on the 1950s sitcom "Happy Days" through its setting, costumes, and use of original footage, alluding to Buddy Holly's era through familiar media and cultural references.
Props
The document outlines various prop ideas that could be used in a music video to tell the story of an artist's career from success to struggles with drugs and alcohol. Props like money, CDs, food, musical instruments, newspapers, alcohol, and syringes would symbolize themes from the artist's lyrics and career trajectory, such as status, criticism from the press, pressures of fame, and deterioration from substance abuse. The props are meant to both advance the narrative and match the quirky, abstract tone of the music video in a conceptual yet lyrically linked way.
Tracey emin project
Tracey Emin's artwork "My Bed" depicts the unmade bed in her London studio, surrounded by debris including empty bottles, stained sheets, and used condoms. The piece captures a low point in the artist's life and was meant to convey feelings of depression, hangovers, and one-night stands. Overall, the work gives viewers an intimate look at Emin's personal space and private experiences during a time of turmoil in her life.
Story board - Katy Perry "Part of me"
The document describes 33 shots from a music video. Each shot includes details about the sound, editing, mise-en-scene, and cinematography. The shots follow Katy Perry through various locations and activities, including getting dressed at a petrol station, shopping, cutting her hair in a bathroom, and eventually joining an army unit in bed wearing army garments.
Shooting diary
The document is a shooting diary for a music video that contains details on locations, actors, weather forecasts, costumes, props, lighting, and equipment for 5 planned shoots. The diary outlines locations in Old Town Marina, an unfinished bathroom, a bedroom, bathroom again, and a back garden. Details provided for each shoot include the actress, lighting, costumes, and any props. The equipment is also noted for the first shoot, including effects that can be applied through the camera.
Questionnaire Results and Review
The survey responses provide useful information for the music video. Most respondents were in the target age ranges of 18-20 and 17 or younger. Most preferred abstract music videos, allowing an experimental approach. Respondents expected 2-3 locations in an indie music video. YouTube was the main source of music. No one listened solely to mainstream artists. Responses to the soundtrack described it as "Hauntingly peaceful" and "Curious/Eerie" as intended. When asked about their favorite music video, one response mentioned preferring ones with "a narrative or meaning you can relate to," which suggests including a storyline or message.
Makeup ideas
The document provides details on makeup ideas for different phases of an artist's career and music video. Phase 1 depicts the artist as successful with contour, highlighter, red lipstick and smoky eyes. Phase 2 shows the artist experimenting with partying through heavier black eyeliner, colorful lipstick and eyeshadow. Phase 3 portrays the artist's breakdown with messy, dark makeup around tired eyes and a pale face. Face paint will also represent different career stages.
Gender audience research
The document discusses research into gender differences in music video preferences. It aims to help develop a media product that appeals to females, the target audience. The research found that females prefer media from female artists and dislike overly sexualized portrayals. Females also enjoyed a variety of dance styles, narrative music videos, and emotionally relatable content. Based on these findings, the document recommends focusing on a female artist with implicit rather than explicit sexuality, incorporating different dance styles and a narrative storyline involving fame and redemption.
Taylor swift – blank space (1)
The music video for Taylor Swift's "Blank Space" uses satire to mock the media's portrayal of Taylor Swift as a rich, materialistic man-eater with a crazy ex-girlfriend persona. Various elements of the mise-en-scene, cinematography, editing, sound, language, and representations in the video parody how the media represents Swift and her relationships. The video aims to portray how the media presents a false narrative of Swift to sell more stories and influence audiences.
Digi pack conventions usage
The document analyzes the conventions used in hip hop album artwork known as "Digi Packs" and how the creator's own design for an album both conforms to and challenges some of these conventions. Some conventions it follows include using sans serif fonts, brightly colored text, sportswear outfits, and poses showing power or action. Some conventions it challenges include unconventional backgrounds, framings, and inclusion of props, cartoon images, and themes of fame and substance use. The goal was to create something attention-grabbing for a young, urban audience while still relating to hip hop styles.
Problems associated with urban location
Crowding, substandard housing, and homelessness are prevalent problems in cities due to the large number of people living in a small area. Traffic congestion is also a major issue, as urban residents experience long commutes on crowded roads and public transportation. These urban problems contribute to increased stress, mental health issues, crime, and substance abuse among city dwellers compared to rural residents.
Conventions
There are several common conventions in hip-hop and rap music videos. Low camera angles are used to portray the artist as powerful by looking up at them. Status, wealth, and power are common narrative themes, especially for artists from poor backgrounds. Sex is also a frequent theme, using shots to convey sensuality and portray the artist's desirability. Women are often presented as sexual objects or empowered figures. References to wealth through props demonstrate status, and taboo subjects like drugs and sex are commonly explored.
Audience research teens
Teens prefer streaming music on YouTube and iTunes over traditional radio or CDs. While some teens still listen to the radio, most would rather choose their own music through free streaming sites. Nearly all teens have internet access at home or school and spend time on social media sites like Facebook, as it allows them to interact with friends. Rap music is popular among teens but the lyrics often discuss topics like sex and drugs that concern parents. Many teens watch music videos regularly, with over 75% of 4th-6th graders viewing videos and 60% reporting they watch "pretty much" or "a lot." MTV remains a popular source of music videos for teens.
Digipak progression mockup
This document discusses the design elements of Taylor Swift's album "1989" and how they were used as inspiration for a mock-up album design. Key elements copied from Swift's design include a minimalist, neutral color scheme carried throughout the front cover, spine, and back cover. Photos were chosen that could be recreated on a low budget. The mock-up CD designs were kept simple with the album's color on the rims to look professional. Sample photos were used inside in a polaroid format, continuing the theme while being affordable for an independent artist. Overall continuity of color scheme and design was maintained to make the mock-up digipak visually cohesive.
The male gaze
The document discusses Laura Mulvey's theory of "the male gaze" in cinema. Mulvey argues that cinema and visual media are typically constructed from a patriarchal and male point of view. Women are often depicted as objects for the male gaze, either as sexual objects ("voyeuristic") or idealized figures ("fetishistic"). The male viewer identifies with powerful male protagonists who control the action and narrative. Examples are given of how women are portrayed in Hollywood films and advertising to appeal to and be viewed by the male gaze. The theory is applied to analyze representations of gender, sexuality and power dynamics in music videos, TV shows, and other media forms.
Media theorists
Stuart Hall proposed that audiences must decode the messages that media encode in order to understand reality as constructed by media. Hall believed media have powerful influence over what the public sees as important issues. He identified three types of audience positioning.
Laura Mulvey's male gaze theory suggests that media, like film and music videos, are represented from the perspective of a heterosexual male gaze. This can objectify and sexualize women through camera angles and framing.
Andrew Goodwin's theory of music video analysis identifies six key aspects: demonstration of genre characteristics, relationship between lyrics and visuals, relationship between music and visuals, demands of record labels, and representation of characters and notion of looking.
Jess
This document discusses several key concepts related to media analysis, including auteur theory, reception theory, and the male gaze.
Auteur theory suggests that a film director's style and themes across their body of work identifies them as the "author" of their films. Reception theory examines how audiences interpret and make meaning from media texts in different, negotiated ways based on their own experiences and identities.
The male gaze theory proposes that visual media, especially films, are often constructed from the perspective of the heterosexual male viewer. This frames women as passive sexual objects to be looked at, prioritizing their appearance and the male viewer's desire over women's own subjectivity or agency. Studies link the influence of the male
Jess
This document discusses several key concepts related to media analysis, including auteur theory, reception theory, and the male gaze.
Auteur theory suggests that a film director's style and themes across their body of work identifies them as the "author" of their films. Reception theory examines how audiences interpret and make meaning from media texts in different, negotiated ways based on their own experiences and identities.
The male gaze theory proposes that visual media, especially films, are often constructed from the perspective of the heterosexual male viewer, portraying women as sexual objects to be looked at. Studies have linked the influence of the male gaze to negative impacts on women's self-esteem and well-being. The sources discussed provide
Representation investigation
Representation refers to how media texts portray people, groups, or concepts through signs and symbols. All media is a constructed representation rather than a true reflection of reality. Laura Mulvey was an influential representation theorist who coined the term "male gaze" to describe how most films are viewed from the perspective of a heterosexual male, which often relegates women to the status of objects. Her theory is particularly relevant to analyzing representations of gender in the horror genre, where women are commonly portrayed as beautiful yet weak objects for the male gaze.
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Template story board
1. The document outlines the cinematography, mise-en-scene, sound, and editing techniques used in a music video featuring an artist named Lukatar. It provides descriptions for 60 scenes in the video.
2. The video begins by establishing Lukatar at school, then shows her gaining fame and wealth as a musician. Scenes showcase her dancing, rapping, and flashy outfits against backgrounds like graffiti walls and money.
3. As the video progresses, it depicts Lukatar enjoying the lavish lifestyle that fame provides but also facing negativity from others. She begins drinking heavily and partying excessively in an attempt to cope with the downsides of her celebrity status.
First Storyboard
Marika Hackman is planning a music video for her song "Drown." The video will feature Marika singing and playing guitar in various outdoor locations by the ocean. She will be alone for most of the video with occasional cuts to flashbacks of a past relationship that ended badly and left her heartbroken.
Jason mittell (2001)
Jason Mittell argues that genres surpass media texts and operate within cultural practices and the relationships between industries, audiences, and culture. Industries use familiar genre conventions to sell products to audiences, while genres allow audiences to make choices about what to consume. For example, the Red Hot Chili Peppers' "Can't Stop" music video presents them as fun, creative people rejecting normal lifestyles through their funk rock performance. Weezer's "Buddy Holly" video is stylistically based on the 1950s sitcom "Happy Days" through its setting, costumes, and use of original footage, alluding to Buddy Holly's era through familiar media and cultural references.
Props
The document outlines various prop ideas that could be used in a music video to tell the story of an artist's career from success to struggles with drugs and alcohol. Props like money, CDs, food, musical instruments, newspapers, alcohol, and syringes would symbolize themes from the artist's lyrics and career trajectory, such as status, criticism from the press, pressures of fame, and deterioration from substance abuse. The props are meant to both advance the narrative and match the quirky, abstract tone of the music video in a conceptual yet lyrically linked way.
Tracey emin project
Tracey Emin's artwork "My Bed" depicts the unmade bed in her London studio, surrounded by debris including empty bottles, stained sheets, and used condoms. The piece captures a low point in the artist's life and was meant to convey feelings of depression, hangovers, and one-night stands. Overall, the work gives viewers an intimate look at Emin's personal space and private experiences during a time of turmoil in her life.
Story board - Katy Perry "Part of me"
The document describes 33 shots from a music video. Each shot includes details about the sound, editing, mise-en-scene, and cinematography. The shots follow Katy Perry through various locations and activities, including getting dressed at a petrol station, shopping, cutting her hair in a bathroom, and eventually joining an army unit in bed wearing army garments.
Shooting diary
The document is a shooting diary for a music video that contains details on locations, actors, weather forecasts, costumes, props, lighting, and equipment for 5 planned shoots. The diary outlines locations in Old Town Marina, an unfinished bathroom, a bedroom, bathroom again, and a back garden. Details provided for each shoot include the actress, lighting, costumes, and any props. The equipment is also noted for the first shoot, including effects that can be applied through the camera.
Questionnaire Results and Review
The survey responses provide useful information for the music video. Most respondents were in the target age ranges of 18-20 and 17 or younger. Most preferred abstract music videos, allowing an experimental approach. Respondents expected 2-3 locations in an indie music video. YouTube was the main source of music. No one listened solely to mainstream artists. Responses to the soundtrack described it as "Hauntingly peaceful" and "Curious/Eerie" as intended. When asked about their favorite music video, one response mentioned preferring ones with "a narrative or meaning you can relate to," which suggests including a storyline or message.
Makeup ideas
The document provides details on makeup ideas for different phases of an artist's career and music video. Phase 1 depicts the artist as successful with contour, highlighter, red lipstick and smoky eyes. Phase 2 shows the artist experimenting with partying through heavier black eyeliner, colorful lipstick and eyeshadow. Phase 3 portrays the artist's breakdown with messy, dark makeup around tired eyes and a pale face. Face paint will also represent different career stages.
Gender audience research
The document discusses research into gender differences in music video preferences. It aims to help develop a media product that appeals to females, the target audience. The research found that females prefer media from female artists and dislike overly sexualized portrayals. Females also enjoyed a variety of dance styles, narrative music videos, and emotionally relatable content. Based on these findings, the document recommends focusing on a female artist with implicit rather than explicit sexuality, incorporating different dance styles and a narrative storyline involving fame and redemption.
Taylor swift – blank space (1)
The music video for Taylor Swift's "Blank Space" uses satire to mock the media's portrayal of Taylor Swift as a rich, materialistic man-eater with a crazy ex-girlfriend persona. Various elements of the mise-en-scene, cinematography, editing, sound, language, and representations in the video parody how the media represents Swift and her relationships. The video aims to portray how the media presents a false narrative of Swift to sell more stories and influence audiences.
Digi pack conventions usage
The document analyzes the conventions used in hip hop album artwork known as "Digi Packs" and how the creator's own design for an album both conforms to and challenges some of these conventions. Some conventions it follows include using sans serif fonts, brightly colored text, sportswear outfits, and poses showing power or action. Some conventions it challenges include unconventional backgrounds, framings, and inclusion of props, cartoon images, and themes of fame and substance use. The goal was to create something attention-grabbing for a young, urban audience while still relating to hip hop styles.
Problems associated with urban location
Crowding, substandard housing, and homelessness are prevalent problems in cities due to the large number of people living in a small area. Traffic congestion is also a major issue, as urban residents experience long commutes on crowded roads and public transportation. These urban problems contribute to increased stress, mental health issues, crime, and substance abuse among city dwellers compared to rural residents.
Conventions
There are several common conventions in hip-hop and rap music videos. Low camera angles are used to portray the artist as powerful by looking up at them. Status, wealth, and power are common narrative themes, especially for artists from poor backgrounds. Sex is also a frequent theme, using shots to convey sensuality and portray the artist's desirability. Women are often presented as sexual objects or empowered figures. References to wealth through props demonstrate status, and taboo subjects like drugs and sex are commonly explored.
Audience research teens
Teens prefer streaming music on YouTube and iTunes over traditional radio or CDs. While some teens still listen to the radio, most would rather choose their own music through free streaming sites. Nearly all teens have internet access at home or school and spend time on social media sites like Facebook, as it allows them to interact with friends. Rap music is popular among teens but the lyrics often discuss topics like sex and drugs that concern parents. Many teens watch music videos regularly, with over 75% of 4th-6th graders viewing videos and 60% reporting they watch "pretty much" or "a lot." MTV remains a popular source of music videos for teens.
Digipak progression mockup
This document discusses the design elements of Taylor Swift's album "1989" and how they were used as inspiration for a mock-up album design. Key elements copied from Swift's design include a minimalist, neutral color scheme carried throughout the front cover, spine, and back cover. Photos were chosen that could be recreated on a low budget. The mock-up CD designs were kept simple with the album's color on the rims to look professional. Sample photos were used inside in a polaroid format, continuing the theme while being affordable for an independent artist. Overall continuity of color scheme and design was maintained to make the mock-up digipak visually cohesive.
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The document discusses Laura Mulvey's theory of "the male gaze" in cinema. Mulvey argues that cinema and visual media are typically constructed from a patriarchal and male point of view. Women are often depicted as objects for the male gaze, either as sexual objects ("voyeuristic") or idealized figures ("fetishistic"). The male viewer identifies with powerful male protagonists who control the action and narrative. Examples are given of how women are portrayed in Hollywood films and advertising to appeal to and be viewed by the male gaze. The theory is applied to analyze representations of gender, sexuality and power dynamics in music videos, TV shows, and other media forms.
Media theorists
Stuart Hall proposed that audiences must decode the messages that media encode in order to understand reality as constructed by media. Hall believed media have powerful influence over what the public sees as important issues. He identified three types of audience positioning.
Laura Mulvey's male gaze theory suggests that media, like film and music videos, are represented from the perspective of a heterosexual male gaze. This can objectify and sexualize women through camera angles and framing.
Andrew Goodwin's theory of music video analysis identifies six key aspects: demonstration of genre characteristics, relationship between lyrics and visuals, relationship between music and visuals, demands of record labels, and representation of characters and notion of looking.
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This document discusses several key concepts related to media analysis, including auteur theory, reception theory, and the male gaze.
Auteur theory suggests that a film director's style and themes across their body of work identifies them as the "author" of their films. Reception theory examines how audiences interpret and make meaning from media texts in different, negotiated ways based on their own experiences and identities.
The male gaze theory proposes that visual media, especially films, are often constructed from the perspective of the heterosexual male viewer. This frames women as passive sexual objects to be looked at, prioritizing their appearance and the male viewer's desire over women's own subjectivity or agency. Studies link the influence of the male
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This document discusses several key concepts related to media analysis, including auteur theory, reception theory, and the male gaze.
Auteur theory suggests that a film director's style and themes across their body of work identifies them as the "author" of their films. Reception theory examines how audiences interpret and make meaning from media texts in different, negotiated ways based on their own experiences and identities.
The male gaze theory proposes that visual media, especially films, are often constructed from the perspective of the heterosexual male viewer, portraying women as sexual objects to be looked at. Studies have linked the influence of the male gaze to negative impacts on women's self-esteem and well-being. The sources discussed provide
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Representation refers to how media texts portray people, groups, or concepts through signs and symbols. All media is a constructed representation rather than a true reflection of reality. Laura Mulvey was an influential representation theorist who coined the term "male gaze" to describe how most films are viewed from the perspective of a heterosexual male, which often relegates women to the status of objects. Her theory is particularly relevant to analyzing representations of gender in the horror genre, where women are commonly portrayed as beautiful yet weak objects for the male gaze.
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Laura Mulvey was a British feminist film theorist known for her essay "Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema" which introduced the concept of the "male gaze". She argued that in classical Hollywood cinema, the camera presents women as objects of male pleasure through shots that emphasize their physical attractiveness. Mulvey believed this objectification reinforces the idea that women are inferior to men and forces female viewers to identify with the male perspective. Her theories provide insight into mainstream music video conventions and how they can be subverted or applied in creating one's own video.
Laura mulvey
Laura Mulvey was a prominent film theorist born in 1941 who studied at Oxford University. She is known for her theory of the "male gaze" which proposes that in film audiences view characters through a male perspective, and that media has socialized women into becoming passive objects of the male gaze over time. Her theory helps identify when ideologies are unconsciously adopted from movies and challenges the notion that what is shown is factual. The theory remains relevant as more movies continue to employ the male gaze, influencing viewers' mindsets.
Media
Laura Mulvey is a 75-year old British feminist film theorist and professor known for her influential 1975 essay "Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema". In this essay, she introduced the concept of the "male gaze", arguing that women in film and literature are represented from a male point of view, with men in active roles and women in passive roles. Specifically, the "male gaze" refers to how scenes are framed from the perspective of a heterosexual male viewer, focusing on a woman's body as an erotic object for both characters and spectators to view.
Laura Mulvey’s Male gaze theory
The male gaze theory proposes that in film and media, the camera adopts the perspective of a heterosexual male viewer. It objectifies and sexualizes women by lingering on their bodies and presenting them as objects for the male gaze. Women are portrayed as passive objects for the male characters and the audience, while men are depicted as active and dominant. The theory suggests that media socializes both men and women to view women as objects that exist for the pleasure and reactions of men.
Male gaze theory 2016
Laura Mulvey developed the theory of the "male gaze" which argues that cinema and visual media are typically constructed from a masculine point of view that objectifies and sexualizes women for the pleasure of the male viewer. She identified two ways women are depicted: "voyeuristic", seen as sexual objects, and "fetishistic", seen as madonnas. Examples are given of Hollywood pin-ups like Marilyn Monroe being voyeuristic. The theory also holds that male viewers identify with powerful male protagonists who control the film's fantasy. Mulvey's theory was influential in explaining how media representation enforces patriarchal social norms.
Representation
Laura Mulvey's 'Male Gaze' theory argues that women are often sexually objectified in media through the male gaze. She focuses on how women are portrayed, how women see themselves, and how women see each other based on these portrayals. Richard Dyer's 'Star Theory' claims that celebrities are constructed by institutions for financial gain and to appeal to audiences. Stars are not real people but constructed personas, and audiences relate to them in ways that can develop into idolization and unrealistic standards. Tessa Perkins challenges common assumptions about stereotypes, arguing they are not always negative, about minorities, unchanging, or false. Stereotypes can be positive, about any group, accepted by those groups, change over
The male gaze – laura mulvey
Laura Mulvey coined the term "Male Gaze" to describe how audiences view characters from the perspective of a heterosexual male in films. The Male Gaze theory suggests that women are denied human identity and are instead viewed and presented as objects to be admired based on their physical appearance. Key aspects of the Male Gaze include the camera lingering on female curves, events being presented through a man's reaction, and women existing primarily in relation to men in the narrative.
The Male Gaze Theory - Laura Mulvey
Laura Mulvey introduced the Male Gaze theory in 1975, suggesting that women are typically presented as objects to be viewed sexually from a heterosexual male perspective in films. The theory examines how audiences perceive people, especially women. When viewed through a feminist lens, the Male Gaze can be seen through how men look at women, how women see themselves, and how women view other women. Features of the Male Gaze in music videos include the camera lingering on the female body and events involving women being presented through a man's reaction.
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Laura mulvey’s gaze theory
- 1. Laura Mulvey’s Gaze Theory Representation Theory
- 2. This theory focuses on the sexualisation of women within music videos. Mulvey's states that women are there to be seen and that the use of camera work portrays them as sexual objects via shot types and movement. • How men look at women from images on a screen • How women look at themselves from those images • How women look at other women from those images She states that music videos emphasise curves of the female body. That they refer to women as mere objects rather than a person. Also, she says that this display of women is how men believe a woman should be perceived. Women are often sexualised and seen as objects – viewed based on sexual desire and the way they look. She states that from a heterosexual male, women are objects rather than possessors. She says that the woman is passive to the active gaze from males.
- 3. Stuart Hall’s Reception Theory
- 4. He states that media texts are encoded by the producer • Whoever makes the text fills the product wit values and messages • The text is decoded by spectators • Different spectators will decode the text in different ways, not always in the way the producer intended. Reception Theory Producer encodes message/meaning Dominant or preferred Negotiated Oppositional