1. LATHE TYPES :
LATHE TYPES
Slide 2:
OBJECTIVES: IDENTIFY AND STATE THE PURPOSE OF FOUR TYPES OF
ENGINE LATHE. IDENTIFY AND KNOW THE PURPOSE OF LATHES MAIN
OPERATIVE PARTS. OBSERVE THE SAFETY PRECAUTION REQUIRED
WHEN OPERATING A LATHE
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ENGINE LATHE is the most common lathe used in a machine shop. It is one of
the oldest & still one of the most important machine tools in use today. The main
function of the engine lathe is to turn cylindrical shapes & work pieces.
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TYPES OF LATHES LATHES ARE GENERALLY CLASSIFIED UNDER THREE
CATEGORIES ENGINE LATHES,MANUFACTURING LATHES, AND
PRODUCTION LATHES. ENGINE LATHES BENCH LATHE-A SMALL ENGINE
LATHE WHICH CAN BE MOUNTED ON A BENCH OR A METAL
CABINET,USED FOR LIGHT MACHINING ON SMALL WORKPIECES.
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SPEED LATHE-NOTED FOR THE PAST SETUP AND CHANGE OVER WORK
EASE OF OPERATION AND LOW MAINTENANCE USED FOR LIGHT
MACHINING OPERATIONS,TURNING,POLISHING,AND FINISHING ON
SMALL PRECISION WORKPIECES.
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TOOLROOM LATHE-EQUIPPED WITH SPECIAL ATTACHMENT AND
ACCESSORIES TO ALLOW A VARIETY OF PRECISION OPERATION TO BE
PERFORMED.
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GAP-BED LATHE-HAS A SECTION OF A BED BELOW THE FACEPLATE,
WHICH CAN BE REMOVED TO INCREASE THE MAX.WORK DIA. THAT CAN
BE REVOLVED.
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MANUFACTURING LATHES Are basically engine lathes which have been
modified by the addition of a tracer attachment or a digital readout system?
Tracer lathes are used to duplicate parts which may be too difficult or costly to
produce on other types of lathes. Digital readout is used to speed the production
of parts normally produced on an engine lathe.
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2. PRODUCTION LATHES Are generally used when a large number of duplicate
parts must be produced. Turret lathes, single-spindle automatic lathes, & the
numerically controlled lathes are the common machines in this group.
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SIZE OF ENGINE LATHE LATHES VARY CONSIDERABLY IN SIZE ;THE SIZE
OF THE LATHE IS INDICATED BY THE LARGEST SIZE OF WORK THAT CAN
BE MACHINE ON IT. GENERALLY TWO DIMENSIONS ARE STATED,THEY
ARE: THE DISTANCE FROM THE AXIS OF THE SPINDLE TO THE TOP OF
THE BED.(THIS INDICATES THE LARGEST WORK THAT CAN BE ROTATED
IN THE LATHE.) THE MAXIMUM DISTANCE BETWEEN THE CENTERS.(THIS
INDICATES THE LONGEST WORK THAT CAN BE HELD IN THE LATHE.)
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5 PARTS OF THE LATHE THE BED-PART OF THE LATHE THAT PROVIDES
SUPPORT FOR THE OTHER COMPONENTS.IT IS THE FOUNDATION IN
WHICH ALL THE OTHER PARTS ARE FITTED.
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THE HEADSTOCK-IS A LATHE FEATURES THAT PROVIDES THE MEANS OF
HOLDING AND ROTATING THE WORK ACCURATELY.IT HOUSES THE MAIN
SPINDLE AND THE MECHANISM FOR OBTAINING SEVERAL SPEEDS.
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THE TAILSTOCK-IS USED MAINLY TO SUPPORT THE RIGHT HAND END OF
THE WORK.IT MAY BE MOVED AND CLAMPED IN POSITION ALONG THE
BED.
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THE CARRIAGE-A LATHE FEATURES THAT PROVIDES THE METHOD OF
HOLDING AND MOVING THE CUTTING TOOL ACCURATELY.IT CONSIST OF
TWO MAJOR PARTS: A.)APRON-IT IS BOLTED TO THE FRONT OF THE
SADDLE.IT CONTAINS THE MECHANISM FOR MOVING&CONTROLLING
THE CARRIAGE. B.)SADDLE-PART OF CARRIAGE THAT FITS ACROSS &
MOVES ALONG THE BED BETWEEN THE HEAD AND THE TAILSTOCK.
Slide 15:
THE FEED MECHANISM-LOCATED BELOW THE HEADSTOCK & HOUSES
SEVERAL GEAR SETS RESPONSIBLE FOR CHANGING THE FEEDS OR
PITCHES.
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ALWAYS WEAR APPROVED SAFETY GLASSES WHEN OPERATING ANY
MACHINES. NEVER ATTEMPT TO RUN A LATHE UNTIL YOU ARE FAMILIAR
WITH ITS OPERATION. ALWAYS STOP THE LATHE BEFORE TAKING
MEASUREMENT OF ANY KIND. ALWAYS USE BRUSH TO REMOVED CHIPS.

3. BEFORE THE MOUNTING OR REMOVING ACCESSORIES,ALWAYS SHUT
OFF THE POWER SUPPLY TO THE MOTOR. DO NOT TAKE HEAVY CUTS
ON LONG SLENDER PIECES. DO NOT LEAN ON THE MACHINE,BUT STAND
ERECT,KEEPING YOUR FACE AND EYES AWAY FROM FLYING CHIPS.
KEEP THE FLOOR AROUND THE MACHINE CLEAN AND FREE OF GREASE
&OIL,WHICH COULD CAUSE DANGEROUS FALL. SAFETY PRECAUTIONS