Direct Push Optical Screening Tool For Chlorinated Solvent Dnapl St Germain 1...stgermain
The document summarizes an innovative new optical screening tool called DYE-LIF that uses indicator dyes to detect chlorinated solvent DNAPL contamination. Existing optical screening tools like LIF work by detecting fluorescent compounds in petroleum hydrocarbons but cannot detect chlorinated solvents, which are not fluorescent. DYE-LIF addresses this by introducing a fluorescent dye into the probe that solvates in chlorinated DNAPL, allowing detection. Recent prototypes have shown success detecting thin layers of TCE and PCE in sand in lab and field tests. The high resolution data provided could help characterization and remediation design.
Optical Screening Tools For Characterizing NAPL Source Zonesstgermain
A presentation given to Michigan Association of Environmental Professionals last spring. Heavy focus on heterogeneity and difficulty of determining NAPL with monitoring wells and traditional analytical chemistry of dissolved phase.
This document discusses the applications of nuclear techniques in chemistry. It covers the principles and applications of neutron activation analysis, isotope dilution techniques, radiometric titration, nuclear dating, and radiochemical preparation methods for environmental sample analysis. The key topics covered are the principles of neutron activation analysis, isotope dilution, nuclear dating techniques using various radioactive isotope decays, and sample preparation methods for analyzing radionuclides in environmental samples like seawater, soil and air. The document provides details on the theoretical background and procedures for quantitative analysis of elements and isotopes using nuclear techniques.
Phase behavior and characterization of Polyelectrolyte ComplexesDavid Scheuing
This document summarizes research on quantifying the adsorption of surfactants and polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) at solid-liquid interfaces using quartz crystal microgravimetry with dissipation (QCM-D). PECs are self-assembling aggregates formed from oppositely charged polymers that can be characterized in solution using light scattering and zeta potential measurements. QCM-D was used to measure the adsorption of cationic and anionic PECs on silica surfaces, finding that net cationic PECs adsorbed and resisted rinsing while anionic PECs showed more dynamic responses. FTIR further confirmed PECs designed with "living" chain dynamics
Pitt Conn 2012 Fi Cs As Invited Sers Talks Ba Assayinscore
1) Researchers developed a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) assay to detect Bacillus anthracis spores.
2) The assay uses peptide-functionalized silver nanoparticles immobilized in a sol-gel matrix to selectively capture B. anthracis spores.
3) The assay can detect as few as 10 B. anthracis spores in 12 minutes with no false positives or negatives, meeting Army requirements for detection of bioagents.
Phase behavior and characterization of PECs AIChE 2014 David Scheuing
Presented Nov. 2014 at AIChE meeting. Examines the use of polyelectrolyte complexes for surface modification in consumer products such as cleaners. Summarizes synthesis and characterization of stable complexes in solution via light scattering. Illustrates characterization of adsorbed layers of complexes on germanium and silica surfaces via Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and gravimetry via a quartz crystal microbalance.
Laser based Spectrometer for VOCs MonitoringSteve Williams
Los Gatos Research develops optical spectroscopy instruments to detect trace gases. Their incoherent cavity ring down spectroscopy (iCRDS) system can detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) like trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) at low parts-per-billion concentrations. They deployed the iCRDS system at the Moffett Federal Airfield Superfund site to continuously monitor VOCs in tunnel air and breathing zones. Measurements showed VOC levels increasing when remediation fans were turned off and decreasing when fans turned back on, demonstrating the system's ability to evaluate remediation effectiveness in real-time. The iCRDS provided sensitive, autonomous VOC monitoring with results matching previous grab
The document discusses techniques for high resolution site characterization and indoor air sampling for VOCs and SVOCs using passive soil gas surveys and sorbent samplers. It provides an overview of Beacon Environmental Services' experience and accreditations. The document also presents a case study using passive soil gas sampling to identify sources of contamination at a Department of Defense facility, with maps showing the distribution of detected compounds.
Direct Push Optical Screening Tool For Chlorinated Solvent Dnapl St Germain 1...stgermain
The document summarizes an innovative new optical screening tool called DYE-LIF that uses indicator dyes to detect chlorinated solvent DNAPL contamination. Existing optical screening tools like LIF work by detecting fluorescent compounds in petroleum hydrocarbons but cannot detect chlorinated solvents, which are not fluorescent. DYE-LIF addresses this by introducing a fluorescent dye into the probe that solvates in chlorinated DNAPL, allowing detection. Recent prototypes have shown success detecting thin layers of TCE and PCE in sand in lab and field tests. The high resolution data provided could help characterization and remediation design.
Optical Screening Tools For Characterizing NAPL Source Zonesstgermain
A presentation given to Michigan Association of Environmental Professionals last spring. Heavy focus on heterogeneity and difficulty of determining NAPL with monitoring wells and traditional analytical chemistry of dissolved phase.
This document discusses the applications of nuclear techniques in chemistry. It covers the principles and applications of neutron activation analysis, isotope dilution techniques, radiometric titration, nuclear dating, and radiochemical preparation methods for environmental sample analysis. The key topics covered are the principles of neutron activation analysis, isotope dilution, nuclear dating techniques using various radioactive isotope decays, and sample preparation methods for analyzing radionuclides in environmental samples like seawater, soil and air. The document provides details on the theoretical background and procedures for quantitative analysis of elements and isotopes using nuclear techniques.
Phase behavior and characterization of Polyelectrolyte ComplexesDavid Scheuing
This document summarizes research on quantifying the adsorption of surfactants and polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) at solid-liquid interfaces using quartz crystal microgravimetry with dissipation (QCM-D). PECs are self-assembling aggregates formed from oppositely charged polymers that can be characterized in solution using light scattering and zeta potential measurements. QCM-D was used to measure the adsorption of cationic and anionic PECs on silica surfaces, finding that net cationic PECs adsorbed and resisted rinsing while anionic PECs showed more dynamic responses. FTIR further confirmed PECs designed with "living" chain dynamics
Pitt Conn 2012 Fi Cs As Invited Sers Talks Ba Assayinscore
1) Researchers developed a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) assay to detect Bacillus anthracis spores.
2) The assay uses peptide-functionalized silver nanoparticles immobilized in a sol-gel matrix to selectively capture B. anthracis spores.
3) The assay can detect as few as 10 B. anthracis spores in 12 minutes with no false positives or negatives, meeting Army requirements for detection of bioagents.
Phase behavior and characterization of PECs AIChE 2014 David Scheuing
Presented Nov. 2014 at AIChE meeting. Examines the use of polyelectrolyte complexes for surface modification in consumer products such as cleaners. Summarizes synthesis and characterization of stable complexes in solution via light scattering. Illustrates characterization of adsorbed layers of complexes on germanium and silica surfaces via Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy and gravimetry via a quartz crystal microbalance.
Laser based Spectrometer for VOCs MonitoringSteve Williams
Los Gatos Research develops optical spectroscopy instruments to detect trace gases. Their incoherent cavity ring down spectroscopy (iCRDS) system can detect volatile organic compounds (VOCs) like trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) at low parts-per-billion concentrations. They deployed the iCRDS system at the Moffett Federal Airfield Superfund site to continuously monitor VOCs in tunnel air and breathing zones. Measurements showed VOC levels increasing when remediation fans were turned off and decreasing when fans turned back on, demonstrating the system's ability to evaluate remediation effectiveness in real-time. The iCRDS provided sensitive, autonomous VOC monitoring with results matching previous grab
The document discusses techniques for high resolution site characterization and indoor air sampling for VOCs and SVOCs using passive soil gas surveys and sorbent samplers. It provides an overview of Beacon Environmental Services' experience and accreditations. The document also presents a case study using passive soil gas sampling to identify sources of contamination at a Department of Defense facility, with maps showing the distribution of detected compounds.
LC-IR Applications In Polymer Related Industriesmzhou45
LC-IR Application Overview for Polymer Related Industries with Many Case Studies: characterize copolymer compositions across MWD and de-formulate complex polymer mixtures
Fei sun chemical presentation 070114 2c [compatibility mode]inscore
Dr. Frank E. Inscore is a research and development professional with over 15 years of experience in chemistry, materials science, spectroscopy, and leadership of small start-up companies developing new technologies. His background includes a PhD in chemistry from the University of Arizona and postdoctoral research at the University of New Mexico, where he used techniques like X-ray absorption spectroscopy, magnetic circular dichroism, electronic absorption spectroscopy, and resonance Raman spectroscopy to study the structural and functional role of pyranopterin cofactors in molybdenum and tungsten enzymes. He has since worked in industrial research developing portable chemical analyzers and sensors using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy to identify chemicals and pathogens.
LC-IR Hyphenated Technology For Excipient Analysis-FDA USP Seminars-1-13-2010mzhou45
The document describes Spectra Analysis's DiscovIR-LC technology for online liquid chromatography-infrared spectroscopy (LC-IR). The technology removes solvent from the LC eluent in real-time, depositing the dried sample on a zinc selenide disk for FTIR analysis. This allows for characterization of excipient polymers and assessment of degradation across molecular weight distributions. Case studies demonstrate analysis of copolymer composition drift, excipient variability from different manufacturers, and degradation products from hot melt extrusion processes. The LC-IR can also be used for de-formulation, process analysis, and general analytical applications.
The document discusses resource management considerations for carbon storage projects in Australia. It notes that various basin resources could influence storage site selection, impact storage capacity, and guide risk analysis. Key resources discussed include oil and gas, geothermal, groundwater, coal, and coal seam methane. The document presents a case study of multiple resource potential and permits in Victoria's Gippsland Basin, including overlaps between carbon storage, gas, and geothermal projects. It emphasizes that resource interactions are important for carbon storage project planning and risk assessment in Australia.
A Combined Ozone Remedy for a Mixed VOC DNAPL Source ZoneChapman Ross, P.E.
Background/Objectives. In 2003, 1,300 drums and over 3,000 tons of soil were excavated from a drum disposal area in New England. Residual DNAPL created a 2,500 foot long plume that includes chlorobenzenes, toluene, and chlorinated ethenes. The plume discharges to a wetland and has led to vapor intrusion concerns at downgradient properties. Full-scale source zone remediation has been implemented to mitigate potential risks to ecological and human receptors.
Approach/Activities. Following extensive site characterization, bench-scale testing, and a successful field pilot test, the full-scale source zone remedy began in November 2010. The combined remedy approach uses physical, chemical, and biological treatment mechanisms to destroy the residual DNAPL in the vadose and saturated zones. Soil vapor extraction (SVE) and air sparging target the more volatile compounds, while in situ ozone injection (IOI) targets the less volatile compounds such as chlorobenzenes. Aerobic biological activity is also likely enhanced as a result of oxygen injection from IOI and air sparging. Three ozone injection systems deliver a total of 100 lbs of ozone per day to the subsurface; the SVE system extracts soil vapor at a rate of 650 scfm; the air sparge system continuously sparges air at 50 scfm at approximately 30 psi.
Results/Lessons Learned. Performance monitoring includes analysis of VOC concentrations in soil, soil gas, and groundwater. Quarterly low-flow groundwater sampling has shown substantial decreases in groundwater VOC concentrations relative to baseline. In the first six months of operation, 18 of the 20 monitoring wells sampled showed decreases in total VOC concentrations ranging from 14 to 97% with an average decrease of 57%. Furthermore, the mass discharge of total VOCs in groundwater from the source area has decreased from approximately 105 g/day before pilot-test start-up to less than 4 g/day. Concentrations of VOCs in soil gas are monitored in real-time by an automated soil gas monitoring system equipped with a photoionization detector (PID), and on a periodic basis with Waterloo Membrane Samplers™ that provide a speciated analysis of VOCs in soil gas. Of the 47 soil gas monitoring points that were sampled during the first six months of operation, 36 show decreasing trends in soil gas TVOC concentrations. Minimal rebound was observed in soil gas concentrations after treatment was temporarily suspended. Performance monitoring data have informed periodic system optimization to increase the efficiency of the remedy. These results indicate that the combined remedial technologies are effectively reducing source mass and mass discharge, and that the aggressive two year remedial time-frame will likely be met.
This document summarizes a presentation on land surface albedo and downwelling shortwave radiation retrieval from geostationary satellites. It describes products from the Land Surface Analysis Satellite Application Facility including surface albedo, downwelling shortwave and longwave fluxes, snow cover, and other variables. Methods for albedo retrieval and evaluation showing good accuracy are presented, as are applications for weather forecasting where the data improve model performance. Open issues and plans for future improvements are discussed.
Nutrient Leaching and Groundwater Quality Assessment near Integrated Construc...Mawuli Dzakpasu
The document summarizes a study assessing nutrient leaching and groundwater quality near an integrated constructed wetland treating domestic wastewater. Key findings include:
1) The constructed wetland was very effective at removing nutrients like ammonia, nitrates, and phosphates from wastewater, achieving over 80% removal on average.
2) Leachate from the wetland cells contained high levels of ammonia but generally low levels of nitrates and phosphates.
3) Low infiltration rates from the wetland may not immediately threaten groundwater quality.
4) Groundwater nutrient levels were generally low except near sites with peat in the soil, which saw slightly elevated ammonia levels.
This document summarizes research on synthesizing and characterizing various phosphors for thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetry. It discusses the precipitation synthesis of CaSO4:Dy, which is a sensitive TL phosphor for low-dose measurements. It also describes synthesizing LiF:MCP and LiCaAlF6:Eu phosphors via different methods and analyzes their dosimetric properties like TL glow curves, dose response linearity, and sensitivity dependence on factors like dopant concentration and annealing temperature. The LiF:MCP and LiCaAlF6:Eu samples developed showed comparable TL intensity to commercial phosphors. In conclusion, CaSO4, LiF, and LiCaAlF
This document summarizes research characterizing nano-Ag/PVP composites synthesized via ultra-violet irradiation. Nano-silver/polyvinylpyrrolidone composites were prepared by reducing silver nitrate and polymerizing N-vinyl pyrrolidone simultaneously under UV light, without additional reagents. Characterization using FT-IR, XRD, TEM and XPS showed that spherical silver nanoparticles around 5 nm were homogenously dispersed in the PVP polymer matrix. Spectroscopy indicated interactions between nano silver and carbonyl oxygen as well as nitrogen groups in PVP through pi-conjugation effects.
This document summarizes research on the partial sulfonation of polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers. The researchers aim to sulfonate only the surface of the nanofibers to impart a negative charge, while keeping the fiber core intact. They expose PANI nanofibers to sodium sulfite to sulfonate the surface. FTIR data confirms sulfonation through new peaks. Short deprotonation times in base limit sulfonation and fiber degradation, while longer times lead to more degradation due to increased solubility from higher sulfonation. The extent and uniformity of sulfonation remains unclear and will be examined further. Partial sulfonation could allow attachment of gold nanoparticles to
Design validation & optimization of offshore foundations (Wout Weijtjens, VUB)
Foundation monitoring on offshore wind farms for O&M optimization and life time extension (Wout Weijtjens, VUB)
This document discusses using in-line infrared (IR) spectroscopy to monitor and control multi-step continuous flow chemical reactions. It describes how ReactIR in-situ IR spectroscopy can provide real-time analysis of reaction kinetics and intermediates. The document also shows how ReactIR data can be used to automatically control the addition of a third reagent stream in stoichiometric amounts, improving reaction efficiency and product purity compared to manual control. ReactIR can be applied to microscale, mesoscale, and kilolab flow reactors.
Luminescence of common materials application to national security spoonerLeishman Associates
This document discusses the application of luminescence techniques to national security issues. Specifically:
1. Luminescence can be used to detect radiation exposure in materials like bricks and salt, even after radiation sources have been removed. This allows reconstruction of "dirty bomb" sites and forensic analysis of cleaned facilities.
2. The Defence Science and Technology Organisation is working with the University of Adelaide to develop expertise in luminescence techniques. They are studying how different common materials like ceramics, glass and salt can reveal prior radiation exposure through luminescence signals.
3. Precise luminescence measurements of the absorbed radiation dose in opportunistic materials like those found at homes or carried by people may help with
Brochure for the SiriusT instrument from Sirius Analytical. A highly automated platform for measurement of pKa, logP, logD, solubility and Dissolution.
1. 3D time-lapse seismic surveys constitute powerful tools for monitoring the distribution of CO2 in the reservoir and for potential leakage.
2. Characterization of the local rock-fluid-stress system is essential to the design of an appropriate monitoring plan and interpretation of geophysical data.
3. Baseline measurements prior to injection should be considered a critical component of monitoring programs, whether focused on the reservoir, storage complex, or wider environment.
The document discusses the Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique for detecting DNA. It provides:
1. A brief history of LAMP's development from 1998-2002 and that it has been used to detect over 200 genes/species.
2. Details of typical LAMP reaction parameters, including a temperature of 60-65°C, reaction volume of 25μl, enzymes and primer concentrations used.
3. An overview of LAMP's advantages as a rapid and inexpensive diagnostic technique that works under isothermal conditions, and its disadvantages including more difficult primer design than PCR.
This document discusses using NMR liquid relaxation measurements to characterize cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs). It describes how NMR can be used to measure key CNM properties like surface area, morphology, and surface chemistry. NMR provides advantages over other techniques as it requires small sample sizes, has short measurement times, and allows non-destructive analysis of suspensions without sample preparation. The document demonstrates NMR relaxation measurements on various CNM samples and shows it can distinguish differences in properties from sample preparation methods or surface modifications. It also discusses how NMR relaxation can enable process monitoring during CNM production.
Preparation and characterization of pla pbat organoclay compositesJunaedy Keputet
The document summarizes research on preparing and characterizing poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate-co-therephtthalate) (PLA/PBAT) nanocomposites. Key points:
1) PLA and PBAT were blended using melt blending to improve PLA's brittleness. Organoclays were also prepared using cation exchange and characterized using XRD, FTIR, and TGA.
2) Adding PBAT improved the tensile strength and elongation at break of PLA but decreased tensile modulus. FTIR and DMA showed the blends were miscible. Scanning electron microscopy visualized phase separation at high PBAT contents.
The performance of portable mid-infrared spectroscopy for the prediction of s...ExternalEvents
This presentation was presented during the 3 Parallel session on Theme 1, Monitoring, mapping, measuring, reporting and verification (MRV) of SOC, of the Global Symposium on Soil Organic Carbon that took place in Rome 21-23 March 2017. The presentation was made by Mr. Martin Soriano-Disla, CSIRO Land and Water - Australia, in FAO Hq, Rome
LC-IR Applications In Polymer Related Industriesmzhou45
LC-IR Application Overview for Polymer Related Industries with Many Case Studies: characterize copolymer compositions across MWD and de-formulate complex polymer mixtures
Fei sun chemical presentation 070114 2c [compatibility mode]inscore
Dr. Frank E. Inscore is a research and development professional with over 15 years of experience in chemistry, materials science, spectroscopy, and leadership of small start-up companies developing new technologies. His background includes a PhD in chemistry from the University of Arizona and postdoctoral research at the University of New Mexico, where he used techniques like X-ray absorption spectroscopy, magnetic circular dichroism, electronic absorption spectroscopy, and resonance Raman spectroscopy to study the structural and functional role of pyranopterin cofactors in molybdenum and tungsten enzymes. He has since worked in industrial research developing portable chemical analyzers and sensors using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy to identify chemicals and pathogens.
LC-IR Hyphenated Technology For Excipient Analysis-FDA USP Seminars-1-13-2010mzhou45
The document describes Spectra Analysis's DiscovIR-LC technology for online liquid chromatography-infrared spectroscopy (LC-IR). The technology removes solvent from the LC eluent in real-time, depositing the dried sample on a zinc selenide disk for FTIR analysis. This allows for characterization of excipient polymers and assessment of degradation across molecular weight distributions. Case studies demonstrate analysis of copolymer composition drift, excipient variability from different manufacturers, and degradation products from hot melt extrusion processes. The LC-IR can also be used for de-formulation, process analysis, and general analytical applications.
The document discusses resource management considerations for carbon storage projects in Australia. It notes that various basin resources could influence storage site selection, impact storage capacity, and guide risk analysis. Key resources discussed include oil and gas, geothermal, groundwater, coal, and coal seam methane. The document presents a case study of multiple resource potential and permits in Victoria's Gippsland Basin, including overlaps between carbon storage, gas, and geothermal projects. It emphasizes that resource interactions are important for carbon storage project planning and risk assessment in Australia.
A Combined Ozone Remedy for a Mixed VOC DNAPL Source ZoneChapman Ross, P.E.
Background/Objectives. In 2003, 1,300 drums and over 3,000 tons of soil were excavated from a drum disposal area in New England. Residual DNAPL created a 2,500 foot long plume that includes chlorobenzenes, toluene, and chlorinated ethenes. The plume discharges to a wetland and has led to vapor intrusion concerns at downgradient properties. Full-scale source zone remediation has been implemented to mitigate potential risks to ecological and human receptors.
Approach/Activities. Following extensive site characterization, bench-scale testing, and a successful field pilot test, the full-scale source zone remedy began in November 2010. The combined remedy approach uses physical, chemical, and biological treatment mechanisms to destroy the residual DNAPL in the vadose and saturated zones. Soil vapor extraction (SVE) and air sparging target the more volatile compounds, while in situ ozone injection (IOI) targets the less volatile compounds such as chlorobenzenes. Aerobic biological activity is also likely enhanced as a result of oxygen injection from IOI and air sparging. Three ozone injection systems deliver a total of 100 lbs of ozone per day to the subsurface; the SVE system extracts soil vapor at a rate of 650 scfm; the air sparge system continuously sparges air at 50 scfm at approximately 30 psi.
Results/Lessons Learned. Performance monitoring includes analysis of VOC concentrations in soil, soil gas, and groundwater. Quarterly low-flow groundwater sampling has shown substantial decreases in groundwater VOC concentrations relative to baseline. In the first six months of operation, 18 of the 20 monitoring wells sampled showed decreases in total VOC concentrations ranging from 14 to 97% with an average decrease of 57%. Furthermore, the mass discharge of total VOCs in groundwater from the source area has decreased from approximately 105 g/day before pilot-test start-up to less than 4 g/day. Concentrations of VOCs in soil gas are monitored in real-time by an automated soil gas monitoring system equipped with a photoionization detector (PID), and on a periodic basis with Waterloo Membrane Samplers™ that provide a speciated analysis of VOCs in soil gas. Of the 47 soil gas monitoring points that were sampled during the first six months of operation, 36 show decreasing trends in soil gas TVOC concentrations. Minimal rebound was observed in soil gas concentrations after treatment was temporarily suspended. Performance monitoring data have informed periodic system optimization to increase the efficiency of the remedy. These results indicate that the combined remedial technologies are effectively reducing source mass and mass discharge, and that the aggressive two year remedial time-frame will likely be met.
This document summarizes a presentation on land surface albedo and downwelling shortwave radiation retrieval from geostationary satellites. It describes products from the Land Surface Analysis Satellite Application Facility including surface albedo, downwelling shortwave and longwave fluxes, snow cover, and other variables. Methods for albedo retrieval and evaluation showing good accuracy are presented, as are applications for weather forecasting where the data improve model performance. Open issues and plans for future improvements are discussed.
Nutrient Leaching and Groundwater Quality Assessment near Integrated Construc...Mawuli Dzakpasu
The document summarizes a study assessing nutrient leaching and groundwater quality near an integrated constructed wetland treating domestic wastewater. Key findings include:
1) The constructed wetland was very effective at removing nutrients like ammonia, nitrates, and phosphates from wastewater, achieving over 80% removal on average.
2) Leachate from the wetland cells contained high levels of ammonia but generally low levels of nitrates and phosphates.
3) Low infiltration rates from the wetland may not immediately threaten groundwater quality.
4) Groundwater nutrient levels were generally low except near sites with peat in the soil, which saw slightly elevated ammonia levels.
This document summarizes research on synthesizing and characterizing various phosphors for thermoluminescence (TL) dosimetry. It discusses the precipitation synthesis of CaSO4:Dy, which is a sensitive TL phosphor for low-dose measurements. It also describes synthesizing LiF:MCP and LiCaAlF6:Eu phosphors via different methods and analyzes their dosimetric properties like TL glow curves, dose response linearity, and sensitivity dependence on factors like dopant concentration and annealing temperature. The LiF:MCP and LiCaAlF6:Eu samples developed showed comparable TL intensity to commercial phosphors. In conclusion, CaSO4, LiF, and LiCaAlF
This document summarizes research characterizing nano-Ag/PVP composites synthesized via ultra-violet irradiation. Nano-silver/polyvinylpyrrolidone composites were prepared by reducing silver nitrate and polymerizing N-vinyl pyrrolidone simultaneously under UV light, without additional reagents. Characterization using FT-IR, XRD, TEM and XPS showed that spherical silver nanoparticles around 5 nm were homogenously dispersed in the PVP polymer matrix. Spectroscopy indicated interactions between nano silver and carbonyl oxygen as well as nitrogen groups in PVP through pi-conjugation effects.
This document summarizes research on the partial sulfonation of polyaniline (PANI) nanofibers. The researchers aim to sulfonate only the surface of the nanofibers to impart a negative charge, while keeping the fiber core intact. They expose PANI nanofibers to sodium sulfite to sulfonate the surface. FTIR data confirms sulfonation through new peaks. Short deprotonation times in base limit sulfonation and fiber degradation, while longer times lead to more degradation due to increased solubility from higher sulfonation. The extent and uniformity of sulfonation remains unclear and will be examined further. Partial sulfonation could allow attachment of gold nanoparticles to
Design validation & optimization of offshore foundations (Wout Weijtjens, VUB)
Foundation monitoring on offshore wind farms for O&M optimization and life time extension (Wout Weijtjens, VUB)
This document discusses using in-line infrared (IR) spectroscopy to monitor and control multi-step continuous flow chemical reactions. It describes how ReactIR in-situ IR spectroscopy can provide real-time analysis of reaction kinetics and intermediates. The document also shows how ReactIR data can be used to automatically control the addition of a third reagent stream in stoichiometric amounts, improving reaction efficiency and product purity compared to manual control. ReactIR can be applied to microscale, mesoscale, and kilolab flow reactors.
Luminescence of common materials application to national security spoonerLeishman Associates
This document discusses the application of luminescence techniques to national security issues. Specifically:
1. Luminescence can be used to detect radiation exposure in materials like bricks and salt, even after radiation sources have been removed. This allows reconstruction of "dirty bomb" sites and forensic analysis of cleaned facilities.
2. The Defence Science and Technology Organisation is working with the University of Adelaide to develop expertise in luminescence techniques. They are studying how different common materials like ceramics, glass and salt can reveal prior radiation exposure through luminescence signals.
3. Precise luminescence measurements of the absorbed radiation dose in opportunistic materials like those found at homes or carried by people may help with
Brochure for the SiriusT instrument from Sirius Analytical. A highly automated platform for measurement of pKa, logP, logD, solubility and Dissolution.
1. 3D time-lapse seismic surveys constitute powerful tools for monitoring the distribution of CO2 in the reservoir and for potential leakage.
2. Characterization of the local rock-fluid-stress system is essential to the design of an appropriate monitoring plan and interpretation of geophysical data.
3. Baseline measurements prior to injection should be considered a critical component of monitoring programs, whether focused on the reservoir, storage complex, or wider environment.
The document discusses the Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technique for detecting DNA. It provides:
1. A brief history of LAMP's development from 1998-2002 and that it has been used to detect over 200 genes/species.
2. Details of typical LAMP reaction parameters, including a temperature of 60-65°C, reaction volume of 25μl, enzymes and primer concentrations used.
3. An overview of LAMP's advantages as a rapid and inexpensive diagnostic technique that works under isothermal conditions, and its disadvantages including more difficult primer design than PCR.
This document discusses using NMR liquid relaxation measurements to characterize cellulose nanomaterials (CNMs). It describes how NMR can be used to measure key CNM properties like surface area, morphology, and surface chemistry. NMR provides advantages over other techniques as it requires small sample sizes, has short measurement times, and allows non-destructive analysis of suspensions without sample preparation. The document demonstrates NMR relaxation measurements on various CNM samples and shows it can distinguish differences in properties from sample preparation methods or surface modifications. It also discusses how NMR relaxation can enable process monitoring during CNM production.
Preparation and characterization of pla pbat organoclay compositesJunaedy Keputet
The document summarizes research on preparing and characterizing poly(lactic acid)/poly(butylene adipate-co-therephtthalate) (PLA/PBAT) nanocomposites. Key points:
1) PLA and PBAT were blended using melt blending to improve PLA's brittleness. Organoclays were also prepared using cation exchange and characterized using XRD, FTIR, and TGA.
2) Adding PBAT improved the tensile strength and elongation at break of PLA but decreased tensile modulus. FTIR and DMA showed the blends were miscible. Scanning electron microscopy visualized phase separation at high PBAT contents.
The performance of portable mid-infrared spectroscopy for the prediction of s...ExternalEvents
This presentation was presented during the 3 Parallel session on Theme 1, Monitoring, mapping, measuring, reporting and verification (MRV) of SOC, of the Global Symposium on Soil Organic Carbon that took place in Rome 21-23 March 2017. The presentation was made by Mr. Martin Soriano-Disla, CSIRO Land and Water - Australia, in FAO Hq, Rome
2.2 "Laboratory Measurements as the Ground Truth forShale Classification" - G...Pomcert
This document discusses laboratory measurements of shale core samples as providing ground truth for shale classification and reservoir modeling. It describes analyzing core samples to determine properties like porosity, permeability, total organic carbon, and saturation. These core measurements are then used to characterize reservoir quality across different scales from core to well to field. Completion quality is also assessed through properties like fracturability, fracture conductivity, and compatibility with fracturing fluids. Integrating measurements of reservoir and completion quality can identify sweet spots with potential for economic production.
This document summarizes Bing Hsieh's research journey from 1990 to 2014. It covers his work in conducting polymers for OLEDs from 1990-2002, then toner and cartridge recycling from 2003-2007. From 2008-2011 he worked on solid electrolytes and ionic liquids for lithium batteries. From 2011-2014 his focus was on printed organic electronics and graphene supercapacitors. The document provides details on his research into issues with printed transistors, block copolymers as solid electrolytes, dendrite formation in batteries, and preliminary work printing graphene oxide inks for supercapacitors. Diagrams and images supplement the technical descriptions.
The Keppel Seghers DANO DRUM is a key element in waste pre-treatment. It is a horizontally mounted, rotating steel cylinder that shreds, mixes, conditions, and sorts waste into components for recycling, composting, or energy recovery. It allows maximum materials recovery while producing a fuel and pre-treating organic waste. A case study highlights how Rapid City, SD extended its landfill life by over 25 years using a DANO DRUM to process municipal solid waste and biosolids.
Understanding Stellar Nucleosynthesis via Multi-isotopic NanoSIMS analyses of...Lalit Shukla
In this lecture, I have covered basic introduction to presolar grains and its scope in understanding nucleosynthesis using multi-isotopic analyses NanoSIMS.
Sarra Gaspard Université des Antilles - Recycling of sargassum for activated ...Région Guadeloupe
1) Sargassum seaweed can be used to produce activated carbon through pyrolysis. Activated carbon has many applications including water treatment, air treatment, energy storage, and more.
2) There are different methods for preparing activated carbon from sargassum including pyrolysis, physical activation, and chemical activation. The activated carbon produced from sargassum has good electrochemical and adsorption properties.
3) Research at the Université des Antilles has shown that activated carbon produced from sargassum via different procedures has good performance for supercapacitors and removal of organic pollutants and chromium from water.
Production of Transformed Red Mud and Application in Mining Waste Treatment -...J.J.P. (Hans) Zijlstra
PDF of 12 pages, 29 figures, 3 tables on production of transformed red mud powder and pellets with examples of treatment of heavy metal contaminated mining waste water and solids.
This study aimed to synthesize and characterize a 1:3 dihydroxyindazole-dopamine (DHI-DA) copolymer for surface modification and investigate its polymerization kinetics compared to polydopamine. A novel one-pot "grafting from" approach was also explored to grow poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (POEGMA) polymer brushes from the DHI-DA copolymer surface via RAFT polymerization. Kinetic studies found that the DHI-DA copolymer grew thicker than polydopamine. However, confirmation of successful POEGMA grafting was not achieved. Molecular weight analysis of the free POEGMA produced indicated non-ideal living polymerization
This document summarizes research on improving the efficiency of perovskite solar cells through the use of hydrothermally fabricated TiO2 heterostructures. TiO2 nanorods and nanoparticles were prepared via a two-step hydrothermal process and spin-coated to form different heterostructure electron transport layers (ETLs). The optimal ETL contained TiO2 nanoparticles prepared with 0.066M TTIP and exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 14.143% due to improved carrier extraction, reduced charge recombination, light scattering, and trap state passivation at the ETL/perovskite interface. Future work will focus on efficient spin-coating methods for high performance TiO2 nanorod-based perovskite solar cells with uniform
This document provides an overview of basic well logging design, including:
- An agenda for a one-day course on well logging that includes lectures, breaks, and a workshop
- Objectives of familiarizing participants with log measurements, interpreting lithology and fluid types, understanding factors affecting logs, and designing well logging programs
- A definition of well logs as continuous depth records of formation properties acquired by lowering measurement tools into boreholes
This document describes a new bisulfite-free method called TAPS (Tet-Assisted Pyridine-borane Sequencing) for whole-genome DNA methylation profiling with single-base resolution. TAPS uses TET enzymes to oxidize 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and then uses mild chemical reactions with pyridine borane to selectively convert 5mC to thymine while leaving unmodified cytosines intact. This avoids the DNA degradation and biases introduced by bisulfite treatment in whole-genome bisulfite sequencing. The summary is as follows:
1) TAPS provides high conversion rates of 5mC to thymine without affecting unmodified cytosines or damaging DNA.
This document summarizes an investigation of the surface composition of InAs/GaSb type-II strained layer superlattices (T2SLs) using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization before and after mesa etching with two solutions: hydrochloric acid (HCl) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4). XPS analysis found that HCl etching reduced gallium and antimony oxides while H3PO4 etching decreased indium and arsenic oxides. Current-voltage measurements and dark current density versus perimeter-to-area ratio indicated better device performance when treated with the H3PO4 solution, suggesting it provides better surface passivation. Future work may explore different etching solutions or processing
Au-Pd Supported on 3D Hybrid Strontium-Substituted Lanthanum Manganite Perovs...Hamid Arandiyan
Bimetallic Au–Pd nanoparticles dispersed on a nanohybrid three-dimensionally ordered macroporous (3DOM) perovskite support exhibit a synergy for catalytic methane oxidation. The large support surface area, high Au–Pd dispersion, strong noble metal–support interaction, and an enrichment of adsorbed oxygen species (invoked by the Au inclusion) combine to boost catalytic performance.
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UCSC Master's Presentation by Wilson SauthoffWilson Sauthoff
The document discusses using nitrogen isotopes of amino acids in marine sediments as a tool to assess changes in organic matter quality and supplied nitrate δ15N over time. It presents results from a study of nitrogen isotope ratios in amino acids extracted from sediment cores collected across a range of depositional environments in the Eastern Tropical Pacific. The study finds that amino acid δ15N patterns are generally well preserved in sediments with lower oxygen exposure times, but become increasingly altered from the original sinking particulate organic matter in sediments with higher oxygen exposure times and more degradation. It also finds that the offset between δ15N of bulk sediments and total hydrolysable amino acids decreases with greater degradation. This has implications for using amino acid δ15N values to
The document discusses using core data from carbonate rock samples to model NMR well log responses. It contains core data like T1 and T2 distributions from NMR experiments on different carbonate rock types. This data is used to simulate raw NMR well logs by matching acquisition parameters and modeling fluid properties. Fluid substitution and inversion modeling are also used to evaluate fluid identification and the effect of acquisition settings on interpretation. The goal is to calibrate well log NMR data using the detailed core measurements and better understand NMR responses in carbonate reservoirs.
10. MGP Sites Sooty Creek Gas Co., Former MGP, TypiVille, USA release point black, viscous, obvious tar changing as it travels often “refined” to a runny oil (orange) clay feature that is preventing DNAPL from getting deeper (not always... a fracture!) peat or shell hash thin sheen at groundwater surface? yes… sometimes NAPL in angular gravel or running sands = tough sampling water over seds groundwater flow is often complicated - doesn’t behave classically rare “unfilled” gravel lens
11. TarGOST ® Tar-Specific Green Optical Screening Tool real time “NAPL hunt” (TRIAD) Detailed Conceptual Model higher quality information for higher quality engineering/decisions
15. TarGOST – semi-quantitative response TarGOST response to a wide variety of MGP NAPLs (lab analysis would certainly vary with method/tar as well) 1.0 10.0 100.0 1000.0 10000.0 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 10,000,000 Spiked NAPL Concentration (ppm) TarGOST (Signal %RE) NY NAPL Fine Sediment NY NAPL on Sand MA Tar on Sand IN Tar on Sand NH Tar on Sand CT Tar and Sand