This document discusses different LAN architectures and network topologies. It describes bus, star, tree, mesh, and ring topologies. The bus topology connects all systems and devices in series to a main cable, making it the simplest but also most prone to single point of failure. The star topology connects each device and computer separately to a central hub, making it easier to troubleshoot but more expensive to install. The tree topology branches out like a hierarchical tree from a main root hub. Mesh topologies provide robustness and security through redundant connections but are also more complex and costly to implement.

1. LAN ARCHITECTURES

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W H AT A R E L A N A R C H I T E C T U R E S
LAN architecture is basically the overall design of
the Local Area Networking, which comprises of
different devices and hardware designed in such a
way that they can communicate with each other.
And these designs or the series of devices are
called Topologies. The series of devices connected
together to form one network.
That network can be small and big ranging from
home to the large industry.

3. NETWORK TOPOLOGOES
3
BUS
TREE
STAR
RING
MESH
Network Topologies are the description of
the arrangement of devices and the
hardware, nodes, buses, cables, modems
connecting the systems together to form
a network.
The network topologies can be of several
types, which are as follows:

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BUS TOPOLOGY
1. Cost effective. Easy
to expand joining the
extra cables.
2. It is easy to install
and understand.
1. If main cable fails
whole network goes
down.
2. Cables are
complicated and it is
slow.
The BUS topology is the type of network
in which the systems and the devices are
connected in series to a main node.
It is the simplest type of the topology.
it transfers the data only in one direction
at a time.
And it is pretty old school now days.

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STAR TOPOLOGY
In this network the architecture is
designed as the star in which there
is main HUB or we can say cloud
and all the devices and computers
are connected separately to the
main source.
o Installation cost
us a lot.
o Speed depends
on the source
that is HUB.
o If the cloud fails
all the traffic
will be down.
o 1. Easy to
troubleshoot.
o 2. Source can
be redefined.
o 3. Faster then
Bus
performance.

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TREE TOPOLOGY
Just like the tree this network has
the main root hub or source and
then that node is classified into
the other devices just like the
hierarchy.
And this topology at least have
three levels so that the network
can go on.
o Easy to manage
and extend.
o Troubleshooting
is done with ease.
o The Bus and Star
topologies can be
extended here.
o Now this network
is expensive.
o Uses many nodes
and cables.
o The main root fails,
whole network
goes down.

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MESH TOPOLOGY
Mesh is a little advance topology
compared to others which we
discussed. Mesh is basically the point
to point connection in which all the
devices are connected to each other
to create a strong network..
The data flow can be done in two
ways. i.e. Routing and Flooding.
o The most
important is, it
is robust.
o It also provides
security.
o Every user can
carry his own
data.
o As it is complex
so it requires
effort to install.
o Cabling and
nodes are costly.
o Heavy wiring
needed.

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C O N C L U S I O N
In this presentation our main task was to get aware
about the basic LAN Network and to discuss its
architecture. we also did talk about the topologies
which are basically the architectures of any network.
Moreover, these each topology has its own properties
and function and are used accordingly. I was able to
make you understand and clear my point about the
presentation.

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THANK YOU