Different kinds of measurements we're performing at LACNIC Labs, and a specific project regarding regional connectivity and graph theory.

1. Internet Measurements
@ LACNIC
IETF 95 - Buenos Aires
April 2016
Agustín Formoso
@aguformoso | agustin@lacnic.net

2. Agenda
• About LACNIC
• General overview of LACNIC Labs
measurements
• Connectivity measurements in the LAC
region (Simon Project)

3. About LACNIC
• One of the world 5 RIRs
• Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)
region
• LACNIC Labs: engineering, measurements

4. The team behind this…
Carlos Martinez Gerardo Rada
Guillermo Cicileo Agustín FormosoAlejandro Acosta
Elisa Peirano

5. GENERAL OVERVIEW OF LACNIC
LABS MEASUREMENTS

6. IPv6 penetration
• Monitoring since 2014
• Per-country penetration stats (Google,
Akamai)
• Websites with AAAA records
• v6 Embryos: ccTLD domains which have
AAAA on w6, www6, ipv6, v6 records but
do not have on www (yet)

7. IPv6 penetration
Source: stats.labs.lacnic.net (raw data for Google and Akamai)

8. IPv6 regional study
• In conjunction with CAF and collaboration from
Cisco 6lab
• Deep study about the transition to IPv6
– ICAv6 Index considering
• Routing ( % of v6 prefixes seen in RT)
• Network core (Potential transit ASes over v6)
• Content
• End users (Google, APNIC)
– Economic alternatives modeling to help agents
responsible of v6 deployment make better decisions
– Field study and interviews
– Success cases: Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru (and Brazil)

9. IP addresses: v6 visibility
Assignments are
Allocations present at
the routing table
Disaggregated
allocations are
counted only once.

10. IP addresses: v6 visibility

11. IP addresses: v6 visibility

12. IP addresses: v4 exhaustion models
Estimated run out dates*:
◼ 10th June 2017
◼ 10th January 2017
◼ 19th December 2016
* As of 18th March 2016

13. RPKI
RPKI regional
adoption rate:
~18%*
(surfnet.nl)

14. CONNECTIVITY MEASUREMENTS IN
THE LAC REGION

15. Connectivity
• Based on RTT measurements
• 32 bytes ICMP pings (IPv4 only, 10 samples)
• Point at regional Speedtest servers
• Originated from 21 countries
• During ~1 year
• ~200 measurements per hour
• Based on SpeedChecker platform (Maxmind
lite database and Mozilla Geolocation API for
geolocation information)

16. Connectivity
• What is connectivity exactly?
• Country-based regional latency graph
• 21 nodes
• 201 edges
• Performed community-based clustering
• 4 main clusters

17. Connectivity
0
1
2
3
149 ms
142 ms
143 ms 202 ms
215 ms
192 ms
157 ms
226 ms
216 ms
201 ms
Difference
To the region 196
4
192Intra-cluster
Difference
142
205To the region
63
Intra-cluster
54Difference
149
203To the region
Intra-cluster
Difference
Intra-cluster
73
To the region
143
216

18. Connectivity latency clusters
Region 2
⁃ Chile
⁃ Bolivia
⁃ Peru
Region 3
⁃ Paraguay
⁃ Argentina
⁃ Uruguay
⁃ Brazil
Region 1
⁃ Guatemala
⁃ Venezuela
⁃ El Salvador
⁃ Panama
⁃ Mexico
Region 0
⁃ Dominican Republic
⁃ Colombia
⁃ Cuba
⁃ Suriname
⁃ Trinidad & Tobago
⁃ Ecuador
⁃ Honduras
⁃ Costa Rica
⁃ Belize

19. Connectivity latency clusters
Source: TeleGeography

20. Primary conclusions
• Region divided in 4 main clusters (with
geographic correlation)
• Good inter-country connectivity stands for
~150 ms ICMP pings (closer to 200 for
weakly connected regions)
• Inter-cluster connectivity stands for ~200
ms ICMP pings

21. Additional conclusions
• Connectivity is usually intuitive
• Graph GàH transformation
(edge weight w à 1/w)
• Cluster based on 1/w
• Look for “dis-connectivity” latency clusters

22. Additional conclusions
Region 2
⁃ Brazil
⁃ Costa Rica
⁃ Belize
⁃ Peru
Region 3
⁃ Ecuador
⁃ Suriname
⁃ Paraguay
⁃ El Salvador
⁃ Panama
Region 1
⁃ Chile
⁃ Argentina
⁃ Honduras
⁃ Trinidad & Tobago
⁃ Mexico
Region 0
⁃ Dominican Republic
⁃ Guatemala
⁃ Colombia
⁃ Venezuela
⁃ Bolivia
⁃ Uruguay
⁃ Cuba

23. Additional conclusions
• Far north vs down south (predictably)
• Some interesting cases
– Between oceans
• Ecuador and Suriname
– (and neighbors)
• Argentina – Chile
• Colombia – Venezuela
• Brazil – Peru

24. THANKS!
LACNIC Labs (Spanish) http://www.labs.lacnic.net
IPv6 Regional Study (Spanish) http://portalipv6.lacnic.net/caf-lacnic/
Open Data http://opendata.labs.lacnic.net
Stats http://stats.labs.lacnic.net
Simon Project (Connectivity) https://simon.lacnic.net