This document discusses sign conventions for moments, rotations, and settlements of beams. It defines clockwise moments and rotations as positive, and anticlockwise as negative. Settlement is defined as positive if it causes clockwise rotation of the beam as a whole, and negative if anticlockwise. The document also provides an overview of solving beam bending problems, including calculating fixed end moments, distribution factors, and final moments to draw the bending moment and shear force diagrams.

1. MOHD.PARVEZ ALAM

2. PORTAL
FRAMES

4. 1. Support moments
clockwise moment = +ve
anticlockwise moment = -ve
2. Rotation (Slope)
clockwise moment = +ve
anticlockwise moment = -ve
3. Sinking (Settlement)
The settlement will be taken as +ve, if it rotates the beam
as a whole in clockwise direction.
The settlement will be taken as -ve, if it rotates the beam
as a whole in anti-clockwise direction.

7. EXAMPLE-1

8. Step-2 : Calculation for Distribution Factor
Step-1 : Calculation for Fixed End Moment

9. Step-3 : Calculation for Final Moment

10. Bending
Moment
Diagram

11. EXAMPLE-2

12. Step-1 : Calculation for Fixed End Moment

13. Step-2 : Calculation for Distribution Factor

14. Step-3 : Calculation for Final Moment

15. Bending
Moment
Diagram

16. Shear
Force
Diagram