Conditionals

1. B.TECH
COMMUNICATION SKILLS
DR. DEEPIKA SHARMA

3.  A "Condition" is a "situation or circumstance".

4.  To understand conditionals first we will quickly go
through and revise clauses.
CLAUSES
A clause is a subdivision of a sentence containing
a Subject and a Predicate, but which is part of a
larger sentence. A sentence may have more than
one Clause.

5. TYPESOF CLAUSES
 Independent clause
An independent clause is a complete sentence and stands by itself; it contains a
subject and verb and expresses a complete thought in both context and meaning.
 Dependent clause
The other clause which cannot stand by itself and cannot make a good sense and
depend on the independent clause for it’s meaning is called dependent clause or
subordinate clause. Subordinate clause is always introduced by subordinating
conjunction.
 Coordinate clause
When a sentence contains more than one clause of equal rank and usually joined by
coordinating conjunctions .
Main clause Subordinating conjunction Subordinate clause
I went to the place where she lived.
She will certainly help you if she can.

6. Conditional sentences are also known as Conditional
Clauses or If-Clauses. If- clause is the subordinate
clause of any conditional sentence. Sentences with if
are used to express possibilities.
The conditionals are used to talk about real or unreal
situations. Real Conditional describes real-life situations.
Unreal Conditional describes unreal, imaginary situations

8.  There are four basic conditionals that we use in
English.
First Conditional
Second Conditional
Third Conditional
Zero Conditional

9. Probability Conditional Example Time
Likely First conditional If I see him, I will
give him a lift.
Future
Unlikely Second conditional If I won the lottery, I
would retire
Future
Impossible Second conditional If I had the book, I
would lend it to you.
Present
Impossible Third conditional He would have been
arrested if he had
tried to leave the
country
Past
Certain Zero conditional If she comes home
very late, her mother
gets very angry.
Any time
Conditionals: Time and Probability Table

10. First conditional- likely or probable (Type-1)
This usually refers to a future event which is conditional on another future
event as well as about the consequences of the possible action if a certain
condition is fulfilled.
If+ present
simple
will + verb
can+ verb
must + verb
imperative form
50 % possibility 100% certainty

11. EXAMPLES
 If you eat too much, you will get fat.
 If you drop it, it will break.
 They will get wet if it rains.
 If he runs, he’ll get there in time.
 You will hurt yourself if you are not careful.
 If you send this letter now, she will receive it
tomorrow.

12. Exercise
 If the sun -------- (to shine), we will walk to the town.
 If my friends ------------- (to come), I will be very happy.
 If you wear sandals in the mountains, you -------- (to slip)
on the rocks.
 If you wait a minute, I ----------- (to ask) my parents.
 Unless he -------(to sell)more, he won’t get much
commission.
 Tell him to ring me up if you -------(to see) him.
 -----you (to help) me if I need you?
 You will hurt yourself if you ------(to be) not careful.
 If he finishes on time, we------(to go) to the movies.
 If Tom -----(to pull) this string, he will open the box.