A study on physiological, anatomical characterization of selected carrot plan...
Kukier chaney-2005-effect of biosolids on phytoavailability of cd
1. Effect of Biosolids on Phytoavailability of Cd in Long-term Amended Soil. U. Kukier 1 , R.L. Chaney 2 , J.A. Ryan 3 , W.L. Daniels 1 , R.H. Dowdy 4 , and T. Granato 5 Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA; USDA-ARS Beltsville, MD; US EPA Cincinnati, OH
2. Experimental Design Soil were collected from paired long-term biosolids-amended and unamended soils from controlled field tests in Maryland, Minnesota and Illinois. Soil pH was adjusted to 6.5±0.2 in 0.01 M Ca(NO 3 ) 2 . Cd-salt added at rates 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10 mg Cd kg -1 soil. Cd-nitrate was enriched in 111 Cd. Romaine lettuce was grown in the greenhouse for 35 days after transplanting. Four replications in randomized complete blocks.
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4. Biosolids Application Sites, Rates, and Time Since Application Sampling Biosolids Cumulative Years Total Treatment Application since last Soil Cd Rate application Mg ha -1 mg kg -1 Hayden Farm Control 0 - 0.20 Maryland Heat Treated 224 24 1.16 Composted 672 24 1.51 Nu-Earth 50 22 1.76 Nu-Earth 100 22 3.44 Minnesota Control 0 - 0.33 Low Rate 60 20 2.75 Medium Rate 120 20 5.30 High Rate 180 20 8.50 Fulton Co. Control 0 - 0.23 Chicago Biosolids 643 16 32.1
5. Composition of Biosolids In the Different Field Plots Biosolids Cd Zn Fe mg/kg mg/kg % Heat-Treated 13.4 1329. 8.3 Composted 7.2 731. 4.1 Nu-Earth 212. 4140. 2.5 Twin Cities 140. 1890. 0.9 Chicago 263. 3660. 4.6 EPA-APL (mg/kg) 39. 2800. . EPA-CPLR (kg/ha) 39. 2800. .
7. Romaine Lettuce grown on Hayden Farm Control and Long-Term Biosolids Compost-amended (672 t/ha) soils with 0-10 mg Cd/kg, at pH 6.5 in Ca(NO 3 ) 2 . Reduced uptake/toxicity of Cd to lettuce (control vs. biosolids-amended).
I recommend using this slide rather than the previous one which included the high Cd Chicago Nu-Earth. This shows the remarkable effect of high Fe biosolids on Cd phytoavailability. Comparison at equal soil pH.
