Krishnadevaraya was a ruler of the Tuluva dynasty who ruled the Vijayanagara Empire from 1509 to 1529 CE. He expanded the empire through military conquests, defeating rulers in Mysore, Odisha, and the Bahmani Sultanates. Krishnadevaraya established friendly relations with the Portuguese. Internally, he abolished taxes and brought more land under cultivation. As a patron of arts, he built temples, forts, and palaces. Krishnadevaraya was known for his support of literature with many poets at his court, making it a golden age for Telugu literature. He helped expand the empire to its largest extent.

1. First BA History
Subject: History
Title of the Paper: History of India(From 900 AD to 1707 AD)
Second Semester
Fourth Unit: KRISHNADEVARAYA, TULUVA DYNASTY
Dr.T.Kaliappan
Associate Professor of History
Vivekanada College
Tiruvedakam West, 625234
25-04-2020

2. KRISHNADEVARAYA, TULUVA
DYNASTY

3. Introduction:
 In 1505 Immadi, the King of Vijayanagar Empire (Saluva
dynasty) was killed by Veera Narasimha and declared himself
as King and established the Tuluva dynasty.
 Tuluva dynasty ruled from 1505 to 1570. After Veera
Narasingh his younger brother Krishnadevaraya became the
Kind who ruled from 1509 to 1529.
 He conquered every war he fought during his time. He made
the Kingdom of Vijaya Nagar a prosperous state and raised its
prestige to the highest point.
 He was the third ruler of the Tuluva dynasty.
 The Portuguese traveler, Domingo Paes who stayed at Vijaya
Nagar during his rule, writes that he was an educated ideal
King and a great judge.

4. Military achievements of Krihsnadevaraya
 In 1510, Krishnadevaraya marched against the rebellious
Chief of Ummattur in Southern Mysore. The Chief was
defeated and the fort of Sivasamudram was captured.
 War with Kalinga: The Gajapatis of Odisha ruled a vast land
comprising Andra region, Odisha.
 The Vijayanagar army laid siege to the to the Udayagiri fort
in 1512. In 1512 Krishna Deva Raya took possession of
Raichur.
 In 1513, he attacked Gajapathy Prataparudra the ruler of
Orissa.

5.  In 1514, he captured the fortress of Udayagiri
 In 1515, he captured the strong fortress of Kondavidu and
other minor fortress.
 In another campaign against the ruler of Orissa,
Krishnadevaraya besieged Kondapalli and captured it.
Prataparudra eventually surrendered to Vijayanagar
Empire, and he gave his daughter, Princes Jaganmohini, in
marriage to Vijayanagar Empire.
 Krishnadevaraya returned all the lands that the Vijayanagar
Empire captured to the North of the Krishna River, this
made the Krishna river boundary between the Vijayanagar
and the Gajapathy kingdoms.

6. Udayagiri Fort

7. Relations with Portuguese
 Krishnadevaraya established friendly relations with the
Portuguese
 The Emperor obtained guns and Arabian horses from the
Portuguese merchants.
 In 1510, Albuquerque, the Portuguese Governor, asked
for permission to build a fort at Bhatkal and the same was
granted.

8. War with Bahmini Sultans:
 In 1509, Krishnadevaraya’s armies clashed with the Sultan
Sams-ud-din Zafar Khan of Bijapur at Diwani and the sultan
was severely injured and defeated.
 In 1512 KDR defeated and killed Yusuf Adil Khan and
captured the Raichur Doab. Krishna Devarayara annexed
Kovilkonda.
 The Sultan of Golkinda Quali Qutab Shah was defeated by
Timmarasu, who was the Prime Minister of
Krishnadevaraya.

9. Final conflict
 The highlight of his conquest occurred on 19th May 1520
where Krishnadevaraya secured the fortress of Raichur from
Ismail Adil Shah of Bijapur. Finally in his last battle, he razed
to the ground the fortress of Gulburga, the early capital of
Bahmani sultanate. His Empre was extended over the
whole of South India.
 In 1524, the emperor appointed his 6 year old son,
Tirumalaraya, as the crown prince. In the same year, the
young boy died of poisoning.
 Krishnadevaraya dies in 1529. Before his death he
nominated his brother Achuta Devaraya as his successor.

11. KRISHNADEVARAJA Empire

12. Internal affairs of Krishnadevaraya:
 He abolished some of the obnoxious taxes such as the
marriage fee
 He increased revenue, he brought new lands und
cultivation by ordering deforestation for the cultivation.
 The administrative language of the Empire was Kannada
and Telugu.
 Krishnadevaraya was a Vaishnavaite. Be he respected all
religions. He was a devotee of Lord Venkateshwara of
Tirupathy.

15. Krishnadevaraya’s contribution of
Architecture
 He built Vijaya Mahal, Hazara Ramasamy Temple and
Vithala samy Temple at Vijayanagr (Hampi).
 He also built many Rajagopurams.
Hazara Ramasamy Temple

16. Vithala samy Temple Hampi

17.  A new city was built called “Nagalapuram” in memory of
his mother Nagaladevi.
 The Krishna Temple at Hamnpi, Karnataka is a notable one
with unique Architecture.
 This temple build by KDR to commorate the success of this
Orisa Campaign.
 This temple is dedicated toLord Balakrishna, the form of
Lord Krishna when he was infant. This temple was built by
Krishnadevaraya in 15134 AD.

18. Krishna Temple in Hampi

19.  Krishnadevaraya repaired and restored many south Indian
temples. Hence most of the big towers on Temples in
South India have the name Rayagopuram in his honour.
 The Virupaksha temple is considered as the most sacred
temple lat Hampi. The three storied gopura and the
ornate ranga mandapa (enclosed pillared hall) were built
by Krishnadevaraya.
 The ceiling of the ranga mandpa is full of beautiful
paintings of Vijayanar times

20. The Ranga Mandapa Virupaksha Temple Hampi

21. Virupaksha Temple Hampi Painting

22. Patron of Poets and literature:
 Krishnadevaraya was also patron of the arts, especially
literature.
 The Emperor is known to have been a Patron of Poets of
various languages, including Sanskrit, Telugu, Tamil and
Kannada.
 His period came to be known as the “Golden Age of
Telugu literature”.
 Krishnadevaraya himself was author of three noted
works:
 Amuktamalyada in Telugu and Jambavathy kalyanam and
Usha parayanam in Sanskrit.

23.  His court was adorned by eight great Poets called the
“Ashtadiggajas”/Ashtadiggajas and their works.
Allasani Peddanna – Manucharitram, Harikathasarammsanu
Tenali Rama Krishna – Panduranga Mahatmyamu
Nandi Thimmana – Parijathapahranam
Madayyagari Mallana – Rajasekara Charitram
Dhurgathi – Kalahasti Mahatyamu
Ayyalaraju Rama Bhatra – Ramabhudayama
Pingali Surana – Raghava Pandaviyamu and
Rama Raj Bhushnna – Kavyalankarasangrahamu

24. Astadiggajas

25. Allasani Peddana

26.  The peak of literary developments was reached during
the reign of Krishnadevaraya, who is rightly called “Andra
Bhoja”
 Among the eight poets, Allasani Peddana isconsidered to
be the greatest and given the title “Andra Kavita
Pitamaha” )the father of Telugu poetry” who wrote
manucharitram

27. Conclusion:
 Krishnadevaraya was great warrior, benevolent
administrator, patriot of Art and architecture and above
all he was good human being.
 Under him Vijayanagar attained the zenith of the
greatness and prosperity.