This document discusses a study on the importance of knowledge management in improving the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in western Algeria. It begins with defining knowledge management and its key processes. It then discusses the importance of knowledge management and defines organizational performance. The study was conducted through questionnaires distributed to managers of 40 small and medium enterprises. The conclusions drawn are that these enterprises use knowledge management as a modern approach and there is a statistically significant correlation between knowledge management and performance, as well as a significant impact of knowledge management on overall performance.
Power of the knowledge of management techniques on productivity among indigen...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the power of knowledge of management techniques on productivity among indigenous entrepreneurs in Nigeria. It begins by providing background on the importance of management techniques and productivity for business success. It then states the problem as many Nigerian entrepreneurs lacking knowledge of basic managerial concepts and focusing too much on self-employment. The study aimed to determine the effect of management knowledge on productivity, surveying 300 entrepreneurs in Aba, Nigeria. It hypothesized that management techniques significantly affect productivity. The literature review discussed factors influencing managerial effectiveness and productivity. The document concludes that understanding management techniques is crucial for enterprise success in today's business environment.
Problems, procedures and practices in implementingprjpublications
This document summarizes a research paper on the problems, procedures, and practices of implementing corporate governance in Indian small and medium enterprises (SMEs). It finds that while SMEs are important to the Indian economy, they face many challenges. Corporate governance can help SMEs address challenges by improving internal controls, accountability, and profitability. However, the study finds most Indian SME entrepreneurs are not aware of the benefits of corporate governance practices. Through interviews and surveys in three districts, it analyzes differences in opinions on implementing governance. While some SMEs follow governance principles unknowingly, most respondents lack awareness of its advantages.
Intellectual capital is an important dimension of entrepreneurship orientation that
highly contributes in the performance of the small and medium-sized enterprises
(SMEs). The measurements of intellectual capital more concern about employees’
knowledge, trademarks, patents, compensation and rewards. This study aims to
examine the relationship between knowledge management and organizational
performance among Malaysian food and beverage SMEs. It also identifies whether or
not protecting patents and trademarks positively contributes in organizational
performance. The primary data was collected through quantitative method and 262
questionnaire administered within food and Beverage SMEs in the Malaysian State of
Selangor. The findings indicated a positive relationship between knowledge
management and organizational performances. A good management of employees’
knowledge adds value to the firms and make them competitive in the market economy.
Apart from knowledge, the study found that protecting patents and trademarks can
positively contribute in the performance of SMEs. Also, the study identified moderate
positive correlations between compensation and reward with organizational
performance. To improve the performance of the firms, SMEs has to adopt effective
techniques such as compensation and reward that encourage employees to sincerely
perform their tasks and utilize their knowledge and effort for the purpose of profit
maximization
Evaluation of Human Resource Management Practices on the Productivity and Per...IOSR Journals
The objective of any organization or firm is to achieve higher productivity. The concept of Human Resources within organizations is very vital in the management and survival of any organization; this is because their performance is influenced by a set of human resource practices. The main focus of this study is to determine if human resources management practices (Human resources (HR) Planning, training and development) affect productivity and performance of Transport Organizations. The human resource management practices or HRM practices have to be addressed in this position, in order to examine productivity and performance of the organization. In analyzing the data, both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. A total of 75 questionnaires was distributed out of which 60 was returned. Result of analysis showed that training and development enhances productivity of transport organizations and also adequate human resources planning promotes employee productivity and organizational performance. It is therefore recommended that all level of employees receive adequate training and proper human resource planning should be in place to promote productivity and performance of the Transport industry in Nigeria.
This document provides an overview of Big Bazaar, an Indian retail company. It discusses Big Bazaar's formats which include hypermarkets, supermarkets, and seamless destination malls. As India's leading retailer, Big Bazaar operates over 12 million square feet of retail space across over 1000 stores in 71 cities. It employs over 35,000 people. The company's goal is to blend aspects of traditional Indian bazaars with modern retail approaches like choice, convenience and quality.
This document discusses leadership challenges in Africa and qualities needed for future business leaders. It notes that while motivation in sub-Saharan Africa depends highly on financial benefits, developed counterparts seek self-discovery and contribution. Emerging business leaders in Africa need a long-term vision beyond just profit, and should commit to innovation that leads to balance and stability. Tony Elumelu's $100 million program to fund 10,000 African startups over 10 years aims to provide jobs and revenue growth across Africa. Critical thinking, anticipating disruption, and strong execution are key skills needed for future African leaders to drive long-term growth amid challenges.
Innovative governance framework for global islamic microfinance institutionsAlexander Decker
This document discusses innovative governance frameworks for global Islamic microfinance institutions. It examines best practices related to independence, competency, confidentiality, consistency, and Shariah compliance. The author proposes developing an innovative framework to assess current global best practices for Islamic microfinance governance. Initial findings revealed that Islamic microfinance institutions in Malaysia lack specific policies oriented towards start-up and growth of innovative enterprises. The author recommends considering an alternate holistic policy framework to address issues of governance for global Islamic microfinance.
ICBEM2012: Knowledge Management for Small and Medium Enterprises to Win the C...Djadja Sardjana
Small medium enterprises (SMEs ) has been an active part in various improvements in the economy in a country. Globalization is an era that is inevitable. Today, all nations are competing to be the leader in the era of competition. One way is to create competitiveness through the implementation of Knowledge Management in SMEs . To go on such a needed institution building measures approach towards SMEs to understand the problems of the mastery of knowledge to businesses, especially those related to knowledge management efforts.
Power of the knowledge of management techniques on productivity among indigen...Alexander Decker
This document summarizes a study on the power of knowledge of management techniques on productivity among indigenous entrepreneurs in Nigeria. It begins by providing background on the importance of management techniques and productivity for business success. It then states the problem as many Nigerian entrepreneurs lacking knowledge of basic managerial concepts and focusing too much on self-employment. The study aimed to determine the effect of management knowledge on productivity, surveying 300 entrepreneurs in Aba, Nigeria. It hypothesized that management techniques significantly affect productivity. The literature review discussed factors influencing managerial effectiveness and productivity. The document concludes that understanding management techniques is crucial for enterprise success in today's business environment.
Problems, procedures and practices in implementingprjpublications
This document summarizes a research paper on the problems, procedures, and practices of implementing corporate governance in Indian small and medium enterprises (SMEs). It finds that while SMEs are important to the Indian economy, they face many challenges. Corporate governance can help SMEs address challenges by improving internal controls, accountability, and profitability. However, the study finds most Indian SME entrepreneurs are not aware of the benefits of corporate governance practices. Through interviews and surveys in three districts, it analyzes differences in opinions on implementing governance. While some SMEs follow governance principles unknowingly, most respondents lack awareness of its advantages.
Intellectual capital is an important dimension of entrepreneurship orientation that
highly contributes in the performance of the small and medium-sized enterprises
(SMEs). The measurements of intellectual capital more concern about employees’
knowledge, trademarks, patents, compensation and rewards. This study aims to
examine the relationship between knowledge management and organizational
performance among Malaysian food and beverage SMEs. It also identifies whether or
not protecting patents and trademarks positively contributes in organizational
performance. The primary data was collected through quantitative method and 262
questionnaire administered within food and Beverage SMEs in the Malaysian State of
Selangor. The findings indicated a positive relationship between knowledge
management and organizational performances. A good management of employees’
knowledge adds value to the firms and make them competitive in the market economy.
Apart from knowledge, the study found that protecting patents and trademarks can
positively contribute in the performance of SMEs. Also, the study identified moderate
positive correlations between compensation and reward with organizational
performance. To improve the performance of the firms, SMEs has to adopt effective
techniques such as compensation and reward that encourage employees to sincerely
perform their tasks and utilize their knowledge and effort for the purpose of profit
maximization
Evaluation of Human Resource Management Practices on the Productivity and Per...IOSR Journals
The objective of any organization or firm is to achieve higher productivity. The concept of Human Resources within organizations is very vital in the management and survival of any organization; this is because their performance is influenced by a set of human resource practices. The main focus of this study is to determine if human resources management practices (Human resources (HR) Planning, training and development) affect productivity and performance of Transport Organizations. The human resource management practices or HRM practices have to be addressed in this position, in order to examine productivity and performance of the organization. In analyzing the data, both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. A total of 75 questionnaires was distributed out of which 60 was returned. Result of analysis showed that training and development enhances productivity of transport organizations and also adequate human resources planning promotes employee productivity and organizational performance. It is therefore recommended that all level of employees receive adequate training and proper human resource planning should be in place to promote productivity and performance of the Transport industry in Nigeria.
This document provides an overview of Big Bazaar, an Indian retail company. It discusses Big Bazaar's formats which include hypermarkets, supermarkets, and seamless destination malls. As India's leading retailer, Big Bazaar operates over 12 million square feet of retail space across over 1000 stores in 71 cities. It employs over 35,000 people. The company's goal is to blend aspects of traditional Indian bazaars with modern retail approaches like choice, convenience and quality.
This document discusses leadership challenges in Africa and qualities needed for future business leaders. It notes that while motivation in sub-Saharan Africa depends highly on financial benefits, developed counterparts seek self-discovery and contribution. Emerging business leaders in Africa need a long-term vision beyond just profit, and should commit to innovation that leads to balance and stability. Tony Elumelu's $100 million program to fund 10,000 African startups over 10 years aims to provide jobs and revenue growth across Africa. Critical thinking, anticipating disruption, and strong execution are key skills needed for future African leaders to drive long-term growth amid challenges.
Innovative governance framework for global islamic microfinance institutionsAlexander Decker
This document discusses innovative governance frameworks for global Islamic microfinance institutions. It examines best practices related to independence, competency, confidentiality, consistency, and Shariah compliance. The author proposes developing an innovative framework to assess current global best practices for Islamic microfinance governance. Initial findings revealed that Islamic microfinance institutions in Malaysia lack specific policies oriented towards start-up and growth of innovative enterprises. The author recommends considering an alternate holistic policy framework to address issues of governance for global Islamic microfinance.
ICBEM2012: Knowledge Management for Small and Medium Enterprises to Win the C...Djadja Sardjana
Small medium enterprises (SMEs ) has been an active part in various improvements in the economy in a country. Globalization is an era that is inevitable. Today, all nations are competing to be the leader in the era of competition. One way is to create competitiveness through the implementation of Knowledge Management in SMEs . To go on such a needed institution building measures approach towards SMEs to understand the problems of the mastery of knowledge to businesses, especially those related to knowledge management efforts.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN ENGINEERING ORGANIZATIONIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper on the relationship between knowledge management practices and organizational performance in engineering organizations. The paper reviews literature on knowledge management and organizational performance. It develops a research model and hypotheses that knowledge management practices positively impact an organization's financial, non-financial, and operational performance. A survey was conducted of 125 engineers at an engineering organization to examine the effects of knowledge management practices on these three aspects of organizational performance. The findings of the study revealed relationships between knowledge management practices and improved organizational performance.
Managerial economics is the application of economic theory and methodology to business administration practice. It deals with applying economic theories and concepts to solve business problems and make optimal managerial decisions. Some key features include that it is a specialized branch of microeconomics focused on decision-making for a single firm. It is a normative science aimed at providing prescriptive solutions for managers. It uses both economic and non-economic factors to understand the business environment and make recommendations.
This document provides an overview of a Managerial Economics course syllabus. It includes 5 units that will be covered: general foundations of managerial economics, law of variable proportions and cost functions, product markets under different structures, national income concepts and business cycles, and macroeconomic environment. The objectives are to introduce economic concepts, familiarize students with using economics in managerial decision making, and understand applications of theories to business decisions. Key topics covered include demand analysis, elasticity, costs, market structures, fiscal and monetary policies, and India's economic transition. The syllabus aims to equip students with tools and insights for furthering organizational goals through economic analysis and decision making.
1) The document discusses competitive intelligence (CI) contexts in the insurance industry. It analyzes the dynamic relationships between components that affect and form CI contexts.
2) Through interviews with insurance industry experts, the key components of CI context were identified, including managers' perception of CI, employees' perception of CI, staff training, and communication skills.
3) A causal loop diagram is presented showing the relationships between these components, such as how training potential can increase employees' perception of CI, and how perception in turn affects commitment and knowledge-sharing.
This research report examines the challenges faced by female entrepreneurs in Bahawalpur, Pakistan. A questionnaire was developed and surveys were conducted with 40 females across various areas of Bahawalpur to collect data on their experiences. The data was analyzed using SPSS software. The report finds that key challenges for female entrepreneurs include lack of financial support, socio-cultural norms that discourage business ownership for women, and lack of promotional activities and policies from the government to support female entrepreneurship. Addressing these challenges through improved access to funding, changing social attitudes, and new pro-female entrepreneurship policies could help more women start and grow successful businesses.
This document summarizes a journal article about the linkages between knowledge management and productivity in auto ancillary industries. It discusses how knowledge management can help organizations develop capabilities to support sustainability. The article presents a framework that identifies how promoting sustainability through effective knowledge management and productivity measurement. It also outlines the objectives of studying how innovation and productivity can be attained through knowledge management in auto ancillary industries.
The document summarizes the key findings of Deloitte's 2015 Global Human Capital Trends report as they relate to Ethiopia. It identifies the top five human capital trends in Ethiopia as: 1) Performance Management, 2) Learning & Development, 3) Leadership, 4) Culture & Engagement, and 5) Reinventing HR. For each trend, the document provides data on its perceived importance and the organization's readiness to address it, highlighting substantial capability gaps. It also offers recommendations for addressing the top trends, such as integrating performance management and learning/development, exploring alternative learning methods, and measuring the return on investment of learning initiatives.
Strategic Options for Creating Competitive Advantage for Youth Enterprises in...paperpublications3
Abstract: The Youth Enterprises have to survive in the global economic environment through defining the areas in which they can achieve the superior results and on them base their complete business. This article discusses the back ground information regarding youth enterprises in relation to vision 2030 and the global trends on SMES competitiveness as well as regional trends on SMES competitiveness. The research objectives are the effects of collaborative networks, innovation, product diversification and entrepreneurial skills on competitive advantage of youth enterprises. Conceptual framework focuses on both independent and dependent variables, independent variables namely; collaborative networks, innovation, product diversification and entrepreneurial skills; dependent variable namely competitive advantage. The purpose of this article is: to unite and to expand the existing cognitions about the concept of collaborative networks, innovativeness, product diversification, and entrepreneurial skills; propose the universal model for the process of transformation of implementing these concept and to point on the guidelines which should follow these concepts.
It’s high time to come to terms with hcm – the superset of hrm!prjpublications
This document summarizes a research study on measuring human capital management (HCM) in the IT industry in India. The study aims to determine if IT companies have measurement systems in place to optimize HCM and organizational performance. It reviews literature on measuring HR and human capital. The study measures HCM using 5 parameters (leadership practices, employee engagement, knowledge accessibility, workforce optimization, organizational learning capacity) and 20 factors within those parameters. Data was collected via survey from IT employees. The objectives are to characterize respondents, assess measurement systems, measure HCM value, and analyze correlations between human capital drivers. Results may show the level of focus on HCM among Indian IT firms and their understanding of its importance for knowledge-based industries
Industrial management is the performance of the task of designing, predicting the results of, providing the resources for, and controlling an integrated human- group activity, the related physical facilities, and the interrelationships between these two when the activity concerns the creation and distribution of goods or services to meet an external objective
Promoting Industrial Training through Macro Economic Approach (The Importance...IOSR Journals
Libya is blessed with many factories but regrettably these factories failed due to lack of skills and experiences. Often Libya due to their uncoordinated, unregulated and fragmented nature delivery systems and policies are the challenges faced by the state. It is difficult to design a training system that ensures demand driven skills provision and involves stakeholders from key relevant sectors and this requires a study to identify problems and prosper solution for sustainable future development. Hence, the report adopted the approach which combines the results of studies being reviewed. I utilized analytical techniques to estimate the strength of a given set of findings across many different studies and sometime compare and draw conclusion. This has allowed the creation of a context from which this report emerged The report data solely rely on the empirical source which classified in primary and secondary source.The reported found out that the number of trainee dropped from 2000 to 2005 by an average of 26 students, in comparison to 1999. However, in 2006 and 2007, the number of trainee showed increased (by an average of 25 students). Due to this increased in trainee, oil production also increased at the beginning of the new millennium. This Indicate that training increase productivity and productivity growth can raise incomes and reduce poverty in a virtuous circle. Productivity growth reduces production costs and increases returns on investments, some of which turn into income for business owners and investors and some of which are turned into higher wages and national growth.
Factors Influencing Non-Teaching Employees’ Performance in Kenya: A Case Stud...paperpublications3
Abstract: The study aimed at analyzing the factors influencing non-teaching employees’ performance in Kitale National Polytechnic. Non-teaching employees play a significant role in achieving the goals of an institution. The study was guided by the following research objectives: -to examine the effect of training on non-teaching employee’s performance at Kitale National Polytechnic, to analyze the effect of organization culture on non-teaching employee’s performance at Kitale National Polytechnic, to determine the effect of working environment on non-teaching employee’s performance at Kitale National Polytechnic and to evaluate the effect of motivation on non-teaching employee’s performance at Kitale National Polytechnic. The study was conducted through a descriptive research design. Sixty one non-teaching employees of Kitale National Polytechnic were the target population. The whole population formed the sample size. A questionnaire was the main tool for primary data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics and regression analysis were used in interpreting the collected data. The study will be able to answer the hurdles that non-teaching employees face while performing their tasks. The findings established in this study will create a path to improved performance of non-teaching employees not only in Kitale National Polytechnic but all the national polytechnics in Kenya.
Human Resource Management is the efficient management of the people resources of an organization to facilitate the achievement of its goals. The challenge facing most organisations is how to get the optimal output from each of its employee. In the past, the human component in organisations was regarded as inconsequential, with very little attention in terms of organisational resources allocated to its development, until the mid-twentieth century when efficient human resource management started gaining importance as vital to the progress of organisations.
Knowledge Management Strategies and Their Contribution to Small and Medium En...inventionjournals
Despite the many individual case studies on various knowledge management initiatives in large organisations, the perception of knowledge management practices and developments in Small and Medium enterprises suffers certain drawbacks. As such, there is paucity of information on the effects of different knowledge management strategies used by small firms in the hospitality industry in Kenya. The study sought to determine the contribution of knowledge management strategies on sales growth in the hospitality industry. Objective was to determine the contributions of knowledge management strategies on small and medium business sales growth. A cross-sectional survey research design was used for this study and a census was conducted on 39 businesses. A questionnaire with structured and unstructured questions was used to collect primary data from all the 39 top managers and supervisors of selected hospitality businesses since they are the key decision makers. Descriptive and regression analysis were used to analyze the data with the help of Statistical package for social sciences computer software. The findings from this study indicate that, though knowledge management strategies were used to a greater extent among the businesses, they did not significantly contribute to sales growth in the hospitality industry. This implies that the relationship was not significant because the use of the knowledge management strategies did not fully actualize the intended sales growth in the hospitality businesses. The results of this study have implications in enhancing the growth of Small and medium enterprises in Kenya.
Tristart survey on business readiness among the youth and women timothy mahea...Timothy Mahea
This study evaluated the business readiness of youth and women entrepreneurs in Kenya who received funding from the Kenya Youth Enterprise Development Fund and Kenya Women Enterprise Fund using the TRISTART business evaluation tool.
The study found that the women fund beneficiaries scored higher in business readiness than the youth fund beneficiaries. Most entrepreneurs scored low in market and technology factors. While experience and skills varied, many lacked business planning expertise.
Regarding entrepreneurial spirit, strategic focus and team independence scored low. However, dynamism and communication scored high. The study concluded that entrepreneurial readiness was still low overall and that funders should assess business readiness to identify gaps and target training.
This document is the table of contents for volume 15, number 4 of the July 2015 issue of the International Journal of Computer Science and Business Informatics. It lists three articles included in this issue:
1. An article on the impact of human capital development on the managerial workforce of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Sabah, Malaysia.
2. A survey article on mobile cloud computing that discusses the advantages, challenges, and approaches to mobile cloud computing.
3. An article on an efficient authentication protocol for mobile cloud environments using elliptic curve cryptography.
The document provides the titles, authors, and page numbers for each of the three articles in this issue of the journal. It identifies
Capacity Management and Survival of Selected Small and Medium Enterprises SME...ijtsrd
The contribution of small and medium enterprises SMEs is very critical to the growth and development of a developing region like South Eastern Nigeria. The objective of this study is to access the relationship that exists between capacity management and survival of small and medium enterprises SMEs in South Eastern Nigeria. Survey method was used for this study while random sampling technique was adopted. Paired T test and Cronbach Alpha via Statistical Package for Social Science SPSS version 22 were used to analyse the data. Primary data were collected using the questionnaire as the primary research instrument. Findings showed that inventory level, level of employee skills and number of employees were significantly related with SMEs’ survival at 5 significantly level. In view of the above findings, this study concluded that effective capacity management is the fulcrum on which survival of SMEs revolves. The study therefore recommends among others that SMEs should give more serious attention to capacity management strategies in a bid to enhancing the survival of SMEs in South Eastern Nigeria. Musah Ishaq | Momoh Suleman Imonikhe | Mrs. Momoh Nanafatimah Bello "Capacity Management and Survival of Selected Small and Medium Enterprises (SMES) in South-Eastern Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62369.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/business-administration/62369/capacity-management-and-survival-of-selected-small-and-medium-enterprises-smes-in-southeastern-nigeria/musah-ishaq
The Impact of Knowledge Management on the Function of Employee Performance Ap...IJMIT JOURNAL
The study aimed at identifying the impact of knowledge management on the function of employee performance appraisals (it is one of the most important functions of human resources management) in Jordanian industrial public shareholding companies, relying on the descriptive analytical approach. A questionnaire has been developed and distributed on individuals of the study sample consisting of managers of departments and sections of human resources in each company. The number of questionnaire retrieved and valid for statistical analysis (294) representing (86.5%) of the distributed questionnaires. In order to analyze the study sample, reliance was placed on descriptive statistics, represented in the
arithmetic means and standard deviations, in addition to the multiple linear regression analysis in hypothesis testing. The study reached a number of findings, most importantly, the presence of statistically significant impact at the level of (α=0.05) for the knowledge management including its dimensions (knowledge generation, knowledge storage, knowledge sharing, knowledge application) on the function of
employee performance appraisals in Jordanian industrial public shareholding companies. The study has recommended that the Jordanian industrial public shareholding companies should follow an efficient evaluation system capable of identifying the employees’ weaknesses.
KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE IN ENGINEERING ORGANIZATIONIAEME Publication
This document summarizes a research paper on the relationship between knowledge management practices and organizational performance in engineering organizations. The paper reviews literature on knowledge management and organizational performance. It develops a research model and hypotheses that knowledge management practices positively impact an organization's financial, non-financial, and operational performance. A survey was conducted of 125 engineers at an engineering organization to examine the effects of knowledge management practices on these three aspects of organizational performance. The findings of the study revealed relationships between knowledge management practices and improved organizational performance.
Managerial economics is the application of economic theory and methodology to business administration practice. It deals with applying economic theories and concepts to solve business problems and make optimal managerial decisions. Some key features include that it is a specialized branch of microeconomics focused on decision-making for a single firm. It is a normative science aimed at providing prescriptive solutions for managers. It uses both economic and non-economic factors to understand the business environment and make recommendations.
This document provides an overview of a Managerial Economics course syllabus. It includes 5 units that will be covered: general foundations of managerial economics, law of variable proportions and cost functions, product markets under different structures, national income concepts and business cycles, and macroeconomic environment. The objectives are to introduce economic concepts, familiarize students with using economics in managerial decision making, and understand applications of theories to business decisions. Key topics covered include demand analysis, elasticity, costs, market structures, fiscal and monetary policies, and India's economic transition. The syllabus aims to equip students with tools and insights for furthering organizational goals through economic analysis and decision making.
1) The document discusses competitive intelligence (CI) contexts in the insurance industry. It analyzes the dynamic relationships between components that affect and form CI contexts.
2) Through interviews with insurance industry experts, the key components of CI context were identified, including managers' perception of CI, employees' perception of CI, staff training, and communication skills.
3) A causal loop diagram is presented showing the relationships between these components, such as how training potential can increase employees' perception of CI, and how perception in turn affects commitment and knowledge-sharing.
This research report examines the challenges faced by female entrepreneurs in Bahawalpur, Pakistan. A questionnaire was developed and surveys were conducted with 40 females across various areas of Bahawalpur to collect data on their experiences. The data was analyzed using SPSS software. The report finds that key challenges for female entrepreneurs include lack of financial support, socio-cultural norms that discourage business ownership for women, and lack of promotional activities and policies from the government to support female entrepreneurship. Addressing these challenges through improved access to funding, changing social attitudes, and new pro-female entrepreneurship policies could help more women start and grow successful businesses.
This document summarizes a journal article about the linkages between knowledge management and productivity in auto ancillary industries. It discusses how knowledge management can help organizations develop capabilities to support sustainability. The article presents a framework that identifies how promoting sustainability through effective knowledge management and productivity measurement. It also outlines the objectives of studying how innovation and productivity can be attained through knowledge management in auto ancillary industries.
The document summarizes the key findings of Deloitte's 2015 Global Human Capital Trends report as they relate to Ethiopia. It identifies the top five human capital trends in Ethiopia as: 1) Performance Management, 2) Learning & Development, 3) Leadership, 4) Culture & Engagement, and 5) Reinventing HR. For each trend, the document provides data on its perceived importance and the organization's readiness to address it, highlighting substantial capability gaps. It also offers recommendations for addressing the top trends, such as integrating performance management and learning/development, exploring alternative learning methods, and measuring the return on investment of learning initiatives.
Strategic Options for Creating Competitive Advantage for Youth Enterprises in...paperpublications3
Abstract: The Youth Enterprises have to survive in the global economic environment through defining the areas in which they can achieve the superior results and on them base their complete business. This article discusses the back ground information regarding youth enterprises in relation to vision 2030 and the global trends on SMES competitiveness as well as regional trends on SMES competitiveness. The research objectives are the effects of collaborative networks, innovation, product diversification and entrepreneurial skills on competitive advantage of youth enterprises. Conceptual framework focuses on both independent and dependent variables, independent variables namely; collaborative networks, innovation, product diversification and entrepreneurial skills; dependent variable namely competitive advantage. The purpose of this article is: to unite and to expand the existing cognitions about the concept of collaborative networks, innovativeness, product diversification, and entrepreneurial skills; propose the universal model for the process of transformation of implementing these concept and to point on the guidelines which should follow these concepts.
It’s high time to come to terms with hcm – the superset of hrm!prjpublications
This document summarizes a research study on measuring human capital management (HCM) in the IT industry in India. The study aims to determine if IT companies have measurement systems in place to optimize HCM and organizational performance. It reviews literature on measuring HR and human capital. The study measures HCM using 5 parameters (leadership practices, employee engagement, knowledge accessibility, workforce optimization, organizational learning capacity) and 20 factors within those parameters. Data was collected via survey from IT employees. The objectives are to characterize respondents, assess measurement systems, measure HCM value, and analyze correlations between human capital drivers. Results may show the level of focus on HCM among Indian IT firms and their understanding of its importance for knowledge-based industries
Industrial management is the performance of the task of designing, predicting the results of, providing the resources for, and controlling an integrated human- group activity, the related physical facilities, and the interrelationships between these two when the activity concerns the creation and distribution of goods or services to meet an external objective
Promoting Industrial Training through Macro Economic Approach (The Importance...IOSR Journals
Libya is blessed with many factories but regrettably these factories failed due to lack of skills and experiences. Often Libya due to their uncoordinated, unregulated and fragmented nature delivery systems and policies are the challenges faced by the state. It is difficult to design a training system that ensures demand driven skills provision and involves stakeholders from key relevant sectors and this requires a study to identify problems and prosper solution for sustainable future development. Hence, the report adopted the approach which combines the results of studies being reviewed. I utilized analytical techniques to estimate the strength of a given set of findings across many different studies and sometime compare and draw conclusion. This has allowed the creation of a context from which this report emerged The report data solely rely on the empirical source which classified in primary and secondary source.The reported found out that the number of trainee dropped from 2000 to 2005 by an average of 26 students, in comparison to 1999. However, in 2006 and 2007, the number of trainee showed increased (by an average of 25 students). Due to this increased in trainee, oil production also increased at the beginning of the new millennium. This Indicate that training increase productivity and productivity growth can raise incomes and reduce poverty in a virtuous circle. Productivity growth reduces production costs and increases returns on investments, some of which turn into income for business owners and investors and some of which are turned into higher wages and national growth.
Factors Influencing Non-Teaching Employees’ Performance in Kenya: A Case Stud...paperpublications3
Abstract: The study aimed at analyzing the factors influencing non-teaching employees’ performance in Kitale National Polytechnic. Non-teaching employees play a significant role in achieving the goals of an institution. The study was guided by the following research objectives: -to examine the effect of training on non-teaching employee’s performance at Kitale National Polytechnic, to analyze the effect of organization culture on non-teaching employee’s performance at Kitale National Polytechnic, to determine the effect of working environment on non-teaching employee’s performance at Kitale National Polytechnic and to evaluate the effect of motivation on non-teaching employee’s performance at Kitale National Polytechnic. The study was conducted through a descriptive research design. Sixty one non-teaching employees of Kitale National Polytechnic were the target population. The whole population formed the sample size. A questionnaire was the main tool for primary data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics and regression analysis were used in interpreting the collected data. The study will be able to answer the hurdles that non-teaching employees face while performing their tasks. The findings established in this study will create a path to improved performance of non-teaching employees not only in Kitale National Polytechnic but all the national polytechnics in Kenya.
Human Resource Management is the efficient management of the people resources of an organization to facilitate the achievement of its goals. The challenge facing most organisations is how to get the optimal output from each of its employee. In the past, the human component in organisations was regarded as inconsequential, with very little attention in terms of organisational resources allocated to its development, until the mid-twentieth century when efficient human resource management started gaining importance as vital to the progress of organisations.
Knowledge Management Strategies and Their Contribution to Small and Medium En...inventionjournals
Despite the many individual case studies on various knowledge management initiatives in large organisations, the perception of knowledge management practices and developments in Small and Medium enterprises suffers certain drawbacks. As such, there is paucity of information on the effects of different knowledge management strategies used by small firms in the hospitality industry in Kenya. The study sought to determine the contribution of knowledge management strategies on sales growth in the hospitality industry. Objective was to determine the contributions of knowledge management strategies on small and medium business sales growth. A cross-sectional survey research design was used for this study and a census was conducted on 39 businesses. A questionnaire with structured and unstructured questions was used to collect primary data from all the 39 top managers and supervisors of selected hospitality businesses since they are the key decision makers. Descriptive and regression analysis were used to analyze the data with the help of Statistical package for social sciences computer software. The findings from this study indicate that, though knowledge management strategies were used to a greater extent among the businesses, they did not significantly contribute to sales growth in the hospitality industry. This implies that the relationship was not significant because the use of the knowledge management strategies did not fully actualize the intended sales growth in the hospitality businesses. The results of this study have implications in enhancing the growth of Small and medium enterprises in Kenya.
Tristart survey on business readiness among the youth and women timothy mahea...Timothy Mahea
This study evaluated the business readiness of youth and women entrepreneurs in Kenya who received funding from the Kenya Youth Enterprise Development Fund and Kenya Women Enterprise Fund using the TRISTART business evaluation tool.
The study found that the women fund beneficiaries scored higher in business readiness than the youth fund beneficiaries. Most entrepreneurs scored low in market and technology factors. While experience and skills varied, many lacked business planning expertise.
Regarding entrepreneurial spirit, strategic focus and team independence scored low. However, dynamism and communication scored high. The study concluded that entrepreneurial readiness was still low overall and that funders should assess business readiness to identify gaps and target training.
This document is the table of contents for volume 15, number 4 of the July 2015 issue of the International Journal of Computer Science and Business Informatics. It lists three articles included in this issue:
1. An article on the impact of human capital development on the managerial workforce of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Sabah, Malaysia.
2. A survey article on mobile cloud computing that discusses the advantages, challenges, and approaches to mobile cloud computing.
3. An article on an efficient authentication protocol for mobile cloud environments using elliptic curve cryptography.
The document provides the titles, authors, and page numbers for each of the three articles in this issue of the journal. It identifies
Capacity Management and Survival of Selected Small and Medium Enterprises SME...ijtsrd
The contribution of small and medium enterprises SMEs is very critical to the growth and development of a developing region like South Eastern Nigeria. The objective of this study is to access the relationship that exists between capacity management and survival of small and medium enterprises SMEs in South Eastern Nigeria. Survey method was used for this study while random sampling technique was adopted. Paired T test and Cronbach Alpha via Statistical Package for Social Science SPSS version 22 were used to analyse the data. Primary data were collected using the questionnaire as the primary research instrument. Findings showed that inventory level, level of employee skills and number of employees were significantly related with SMEs’ survival at 5 significantly level. In view of the above findings, this study concluded that effective capacity management is the fulcrum on which survival of SMEs revolves. The study therefore recommends among others that SMEs should give more serious attention to capacity management strategies in a bid to enhancing the survival of SMEs in South Eastern Nigeria. Musah Ishaq | Momoh Suleman Imonikhe | Mrs. Momoh Nanafatimah Bello "Capacity Management and Survival of Selected Small and Medium Enterprises (SMES) in South-Eastern Nigeria" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-8 | Issue-1 , February 2024, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd62369.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/business-administration/62369/capacity-management-and-survival-of-selected-small-and-medium-enterprises-smes-in-southeastern-nigeria/musah-ishaq
The Impact of Knowledge Management on the Function of Employee Performance Ap...IJMIT JOURNAL
The study aimed at identifying the impact of knowledge management on the function of employee performance appraisals (it is one of the most important functions of human resources management) in Jordanian industrial public shareholding companies, relying on the descriptive analytical approach. A questionnaire has been developed and distributed on individuals of the study sample consisting of managers of departments and sections of human resources in each company. The number of questionnaire retrieved and valid for statistical analysis (294) representing (86.5%) of the distributed questionnaires. In order to analyze the study sample, reliance was placed on descriptive statistics, represented in the
arithmetic means and standard deviations, in addition to the multiple linear regression analysis in hypothesis testing. The study reached a number of findings, most importantly, the presence of statistically significant impact at the level of (α=0.05) for the knowledge management including its dimensions (knowledge generation, knowledge storage, knowledge sharing, knowledge application) on the function of
employee performance appraisals in Jordanian industrial public shareholding companies. The study has recommended that the Jordanian industrial public shareholding companies should follow an efficient evaluation system capable of identifying the employees’ weaknesses.
The objective of the paper is to provide an in depth analysis of the concept of intrapreneurship and
how it is a leeway to the success of small-scale businesses in South East Nigeria. Extant literature were reviewed
and the theoretical framework is anchored on the psychological innovation entrepreneurship theory propounded
by Schumpeter in1938 in which he describes the entrepreneur as one forsaking well-trodden paths to open up
new territory and as turning dreams into reality. A structured questionnaire that gauged the structure; size,
control, organizational and communications levels of Small Scale Businesses, in relation with intrapreneurship
was developed and administered to small scale businesses. Data collected were analysed using the Pearson‟s
product moment correlation, t-test and three (3) simple regression models. Also to show that the data satisfies the
conditions for parametric analysis, the F-Statistic linearity test and Shapiro-Wilk‟s test of normality was also
conducted using the SPSS version 20.0. However, from the data analysis, it was found that small-scale business
growth is enhanced through intrapreneurship activities. Consequently it is recommended that small-scale owners
should engage people with entrepreneurship orientations.
Problems, procedures and practices in implementingprjpublications
This document summarizes a research paper on the problems, procedures, and practices of implementing corporate governance in Indian small and medium enterprises (SMEs). It finds that while SMEs are important to the Indian economy, they face many challenges. Corporate governance can help SMEs address challenges by improving internal controls, accountability, and profitability. However, the study finds most Indian SME entrepreneurs are not aware of the benefits of corporate governance and their implementation of practices varies. While some follow governance guidelines unconsciously, others do not implement formal practices due to lack of awareness, education, and flexible policies. The document examines corporate governance in SMEs in India and other countries and provides recommendations.
The entrepreneurship, in today’s globalized economy, is linked with autonomy, venturing into new business, development of new products, pro-activeness, taking risks, innovation, strategic renewal, self-renewal, and competitive aggressiveness (Zahra and Garvis 1998). In this age of rapid developments in technology and the emerging global markets, the IT company has been able to utilize and develop its resources. The principles of corporate entrepreneurship are followed by prospering through the absorption of the pressures. It is a well known doctrine that the company’s performance is positively impacted by the involvement of corporate entrepreneurship (Wiklund 2009). The implication of this is by practicing entrepreneurship, the organizations would be successful in increasing the results that can be leading to the increase in GDP.
THE IMPACT OF KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT ON THE FUNCTION OF EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE AP...IJMIT JOURNAL
The study aimed at identifying the impact of knowledge management on the function of employee performance appraisals (it is one of the most important functions of human resources management) in Jordanian industrial public shareholding companies, relying on the descriptive analytical approach. A questionnaire has been developed and distributed on individuals of the study sample consisting of managers of departments and sections of human resources in each company. The number of questionnaire retrieved and valid for statistical analysis (294) representing (86.5%) of the distributed questionnaires. In order to analyze the study sample, reliance was placed on descriptive statistics, represented in the
arithmetic means and standard deviations, in addition to the multiple linear regression analysis in hypothesis testing. The study reached a number of findings, most importantly, the presence of statistically significant impact at the level of (α=0.05) for the knowledge management including its dimensions (knowledge generation, knowledge storage, knowledge sharing, knowledge application) on the function of
employee performance appraisals in Jordanian industrial public shareholding companies. The study has recommended that the Jordanian industrial public shareholding companies should follow an efficient evaluationsystem capable of identifying the employees’ weaknesses
BusinessEthcsInSMEunderTheShelterOfCorporateGovernKashif Ali
This document discusses the importance of corporate governance, business ethics, and social responsibility for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in developing countries. It notes that SMEs face challenges accessing finance, building international connections, and gaining technical knowledge. The document recommends developing a governance framework for SMEs that incorporates incentives to encourage ethical practices. This would help strengthen SME competitiveness and create a productive ethical business environment. The framework should be flexible, user-friendly, and focus on benefits for SMEs to attract more businesses into a formalized system of corporate governance.
The MBA programme description outlines the stages and modules covered in the degree. Stage 1 modules include economics, management information systems, quantitative methods, and human resource management. Stage 2 covers international business, corporate strategy, accounting, managing strategic change, and finance. Stage 3 focuses on research methods and a dissertation project. The programme aims to provide students with knowledge across business functions and develop analytical and problem-solving skills for management roles.
The MBA programme description outlines the stages and modules covered in the degree. Stage 1 modules include economics, management information systems, quantitative methods, and human resource management. Stage 2 covers international business, corporate strategy, accounting, managing strategic change, and finance. Stage 3 focuses on research methods and a dissertation project. The programme aims to provide students with knowledge across business functions and develop analytical and problem-solving skills for management roles.
The purpose of this research is for the growth and development of Micro, Small and Medium
Enterprises to be able to help and improve the economy and absorb as much workforce as possible as well as
the introduction of regional superior products, especially Micro and Medium Enterprises. The analytical method
is carried out through explanatory research, with the PLS/SEM application. The concepts and problems studied
look at the causal relationship, then explain the variables that cause the problems studied. The research sample
was 178 Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in the South Tangerang area. The findings from this study are
that there is a positive influence of strategic orientation, organizational culture, corporate entrepreneurship on
firm performance. There is a positive influence of strategic orientation, organizational culture, corporate
entrepreneurship on business model innovation. There is a positive influence of business model innovation on
firm performance. There is a positive influence of strategic orientation, organizational culture, corporate
entrepreneurship on firm performance mediated by business model innovation. Theoretical implications of the
existence of a business model innovation through increasing its dimensions can increase the firm performance of
Micro and Medium Enterprises actors and can increase the trust and loyalty of related parties. Improving and
developing production quality first, paying attention to development and innovation. Strategic orientation will
provide a good indication of the firm performance of Micro and Medium Enterprises. Managerial implications
state that product quality, in the process of involving strategic orientation, organizational culture, corporate
entrepreneurship, all entrepreneurs with third parties is very close, so that cooperation and conformity of
technical specifications to the wishes of the community must be a top priority. The quality of Micro and Medium
Enterprises actors in terms of cooperation, production quality, performance of divisions such as decision
makers, is a picture that can be felt by the community or parties who work together, so that these various
qualities must be a priority for the improvement of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises.
The Role of Human Resources in CreatingKnowledge Organizatio.docxkathleen23456789
The Role of Human Resources in Creating
Knowledge Organization – A Study of
SCCL (Singareni Colleries Company Ltd.)
Dr B Sridevi Dr V Maheshwar
Abstract
The 21st Century, however, presupposes an organizational systemic
preparedness for gaining and retaining competitiveness in a global and native
business scenario. Knowledge organizations bring in challenges significantly
different from what has been so far experienced. The early 20th Century
predominantly focused on the manufacturing or the production priorities of
the firm. Knowledge Management has become a major competitive tool for
the present day organizations. Knowledge management is the acquisition and
use of resources to create an environment in which information is accessible
to individuals and in which individuals acquire, share and use that
information to develop their own knowledge. Further, employees are
encouraged and enabled to apply their knowledge for the benefit of the
organization. “Only a Positive Attitude changes our life, but it will change the
world around us”. Know-how in the organization is built around four areas
of action: Responsiveness, Innovation, Competency and Efficiency. These
four areas, which is called as “RICE model”, cover all of the different ways
in which can use knowledge to help the company succeed. Responsiveness
Journal of Commerce & Management Thought
Vol. 5-2, 2014, pp.201-216
DOI : 10.5958/j.0976-478X.5.2.015
201
concerns how the company takes in vital information from its surroundings;
its customers, competitors, suppliers, and others who affect – and are affected
by-the company’s performance. Innovation concerns how the company uses
ideas and information to change what it does and how it does it. Competency
concerns to the skills that the people and teams need to deliver products and
services. Efficiency concerns with how well processes for product and service
delivered.
Keywords : Knowledge Organization, RICE model
Introduction
Firms today are beginning to realize that they attract and hire top
intellectual talent only for them to manage and supervise yet another team of
knowledge workers through the organization structure. This imposes upon
senior management time and talent to focus on making such knowledge
workers to work hand in hand with colleagues to experiment and innovate, to
work in teams that have goals that cut across functions and job competencies.
The wide use of teams and their consequent effectiveness has proven beyond
doubt the success of making people work in structured as well as
unstructured environments with only their goals in perspective.
The work force in turn having realized this potential are willing to take
additional responsibilities, willing to be empowered and consequently
operate with enhanced command over with their knowledge and its
application in untested areas.
The Primary challenge of an entrepreneur is to motivate top talent; to
seize opportunities by utilizing their human resou.
Introduction to entrepreneurship.
A mandatory course for second year student at the department of business administration and entrepreneurship development, institute of public administration and management, University of Sierra Leone. This is an excerpt of the full course...
This document provides an introduction and background to a master's thesis project that examines the motivational factors affecting adoption or non-adoption of e-commerce by small to medium enterprises (SMEs). The purpose is to determine what motivates rural SMEs' decisions to adopt or not adopt e-commerce. A secondary purpose is to evaluate how business and owner characteristics influence adoption. The researcher conducted a survey of SME chamber of commerce members and interviews with business owners to understand their motivations. The results could help organizations support greater SME involvement in e-commerce.
International Journal of Business and Management Invention (IJBMI) is an international journal intended for professionals and researchers in all fields of Business and Management. IJBMI publishes research articles and reviews within the whole field Business and Management, new teaching methods, assessment, validation and the impact of new technologies and it will continue to provide information on the latest trends and developments in this ever-expanding subject. The publications of papers are selected through double peer reviewed to ensure originality, relevance, and readability. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online.
The document discusses a model for assessing an accounting body's sustainability agenda. It analyzes key internal and external drivers that shape the body's sustainability efforts and how these drivers impact the business model. The model groups the drivers and matches them to components of the business model like advocacy, thought leadership, leading business, and skilling the profession. It provides examples of how sustainability reporting is affecting accountants' roles and skills.
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This document analyzes different fraud theories - the fraud triangle, fraud diamond, and fraud pentagon - and their ability to detect corporate fraud in Indonesia. It reviews the literature on each theory and their components (pressure, opportunity, rationalization, capability, arrogance). The study uses secondary data from 310 publicly listed Indonesian companies from 2012-2017 to empirically test if the theories significantly affect corporate fraud. The results of statistical tests show the data supports all the hypotheses, indicating all three fraud theories can be used to investigate corporate fraud based only on publicly available secondary data.
Traditional markets in Indonesia were created so that people from all walks of life can fulfill their needs, especially staple food products, without having to spend a lot of money. However, the prices of food products in different markets vary depending on the consumers of the particular market. The aims of this article were to compare the price difference of staple food products in several traditional markets and to find out the factors that cause the price difference. The data were collected by carrying out a survey to five traditional markets around Jakarta regarding the prices of ten staple food products. The data were analyzed quantitatively using statistical calculation ANOVA from SPSS version 22, and also qualitatively to discuss several factors underlying the price differences. Results revealed that price differences of staple food products were not only caused by market location, but other factors such as pricing strategy and consumer specification. This research implied that traditional markets were still chosen by Indonesian consumers to fulfill their needs because of the competitive price.
Airport enterprise innovation performance is a crucial issue that planners, decision makers and managers should focus in order to drive the airport enterprise performance towards sustainable development. The strategic infrastructure needs, and investments need to include improvements across all major factors that affect the innovation dimension of sustainable development.
Key objective of the paper is to highlight the challenges in airport enterprise management towards sustainable development in terms of innovation improvement. A performance evaluation towards innovation and sustainable development framework is adopted and a case study application highlights the crucial role of airport enterprise management performance innovation dimension towards sustainable development. Conventional wisdom is to stimulate the interest on topic and promote a framework addressing to evaluate airport enterprise management performance towards innovation and sustainable development.
In the business world, companies need high performance. Performance is the result or overall success rate of a person over a period of time in carrying out tasks compared to various possibilities, such as predetermined standards of work, targets, or criteria. The purpose of the study was to analyze the influence of intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence, and spiritual intelligence on employee performance. The population in this study were 63 employees of PT PLN (Persero). This study uses quantitative associative, with data analysis used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results showed that both intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence, and spiritual intelligence had a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Intellectual intelligence has the greatest influence on employee performance, followed by spiritual intelligence and emotional intelligence. Intellectual intelligence, emotional intelligence and spiritual intelligence together have an effect of 52.4% on employee performance, and the remaining 47.6% is influenced by other factors not explained in this study.
The main purpose of the research study is to analyze the effect of organizational commitment, job satisfaction and work insecurity as well as their impact on the performance of Bank Aceh Syariah. The samples of the research are 209 employees which are selected with survey methods. Data was collected by using questionnaire, and then the data was analyzed with statistical methods of structural equation model (SEM). The study found that the organizational commitment and job satisfaction have a negative effect on turnover intention, but positive effect on the performance of Bank Aceh Syariah. The work insecurity has a positive effect on turnover intention, but negatif effect on the performance of the bank.
This study aims to test the effect of employee engagement and organization trust on organization citizenship behaviour and its impact on organization Effectiveness. The object of this research is the government organization of Pidie Jaya with Echelon IV Officers as a respondent. The number of sample is determined by using proportional sampling technique and Slovin equation, and it provides 171 respondents. Data is analyzed using the path analysis with the SPSS program assistance. The findings describes that employee engagement, organization trust, organization citizenship behaviour and organization Effectiveness have been going well. For the verification test of direct effect provides: employee engagement effects organization citizenship behaviour; organization trust effects organization citizenship behaviour significantly; employee engagement effects organization Effectiveness significantly; organization trust effects organization effectiveness significantly, and; organization citizenship behaviour effects organization Effectiveness significantly. These all findings prove that the previous theories are still applicable, and these also apply in Government organization of Pidie Jaya District. The originality of this research is in its novelty in term of the object, time, and statistic approach. This result contributes to academic and research area in order to develop the next model and method. For the practical, this has verified that the variables in this research need more attention from the managers especially in organization related.
This paper is an analysis on the impact machine learning, Artificial Intelligence, and robotics has on the supply chain management. The analysis covers the basis of AI in the SCM mechanisms while defining it from the ground up. Later on, to shed a true light on supply first the paper zooms in on the effects of machines in marketing. From what particular methodologies are deployed in today’s environment extending all the way to its anticipated outcomes. As the reader progresses he/she will find valuable studies on the main segments of machine learning within the supply chain itself. Certain novelties and innovations are scrutinized regarding SCM alongside these studies. These innovations are exemplified by certain cases presented in Part 3. The penultimate section briefly examines the possible drawbacks of the surge in machine application in SCM. The final section compiles the ideas presented in the paper as a whole and gives a glimpse of an estimate for the near future.
Huang (2018) decomposes the differences in quantile portfolio returns using distribution regression. The main issue of using distribution regression is that the decomposition results are path dependent. In this paper, we are able to obtain path independent decomposition results by combining the Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition and the recentered influence function regression method. We show that aggregate composition effects are all positive across quantiles and the market factor is the most significant factor which has detailed composition effect monotonically decreasing with quantiles. The main decomposition results are consistent with Huang (2018)
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This study is directed to determine the role of government treasurer in state university in tax compliance. With the spirit of the state apparatus, especially the Civil Servant, in reporting the taxes, it is expected to become a continuously growing and infectious snowball to the taxpayers to report their taxes correctly, completely and clearly as well as to avoid administrative sanctions that are subject to such non-compliance. This study method used is qualitative, the source of this study is government treasurer. The use of this qualitative approach is based on the concept of natural setting, grounded theory, descriptive, more concerned with the process than the outcome, temporary design, and research results are negotiated and agreed upon. The results show that treasurers have a big role in tax compliance, but however, there are still many obstacles that must be faced in fulfilling their financial obligations. this research was conducted only in one state university, so that data that could be processed was very limited.
The corporate governance is a popular topic within two last decade, and the emerging economies are practicing &enhancing their performances. The review is conducted to assess the effectiveness of the corporate governance implications on firm’s performances. The study followed the deductive approach and the journal articles, and the reports have used the source of the review. As per the literature findings, the researcher developed a conceptual design for the case review. The independent variable is the corporate governance mechanism, and the dependent variable is organizations performances. Both independent and dependent variables comprise the different type of corporate governance practice and the different function of the organizational performances. The review found that all the types of corporate governance practices are influenced to the organizational performance and the better corporate governance mechanism can enhance all type of performances.
Innovative work behavior is likely to be an important need for the increasing performance of the hospital to provide the health public services. Theoretically and empirically, the behaviors be related to employee perception on management support, information technology and employee empowerment. The study aims to determine the effect of management supports and information technology on employee empowerment as well as their impact on the innovative work behaviors of the employee of dr. Zainoel Abidin District Hospital Banda Aceh. The study conducted of 302 employees of the hospital. The data collected by questionnaire and then the data is analyzed by statistical means of structural equation model (SEM). The study found that management support and information technology have a positive and significant effect on the employee empowerment and innovative work behavior. The employee empowerment mediates the effect of management supports and information technology on the innovative work behavior.
This research deals with an insight and analysis of the economy projectification in a smaller country, here represented by Croatia. The study was inspired by similar research conducted in Germany, Island and Norway and it is based on similar but partly adapted methodology. The objective of this study is to measure level of economy projectification in a smaller country, and to provide relevant data related for the level of project work. The random sample of 250 companies, from both public and private sectors, was selected across nine sectors of the economy. A stratified random sampling was drawn and interviews were conducted via telephone, so as on-line survey. While analysing collected data and considering the objectives of this paper, only basic statistical analyses were applied for calculating averages and mean values. This study confirmed that projectification trends and figures in a smaller country are similar to those in larger or developed countries. During the period of last five years, the projectification level of the Croatian economy was increased from 27% (in 2013.) to33% (in 2018.). The results show significant difference in projectification among the different sectors of economy, so as changes and trends over the recent time period.
This paper is designed to show how integrated process planning and cross employee planning can be a vital part to any business operation. It will also uncover how different integrated processes and employee relations will help a business to grow. Various topics ranging from enterprise resource planning, integrated planning in supply chains, the non-linear approach, innovation and digitalization coupled with cross training and empowerment, Human resources, and Manager Employee relations complement each other and could bring an organization together. Various thought processes and intellectual reasoning skills were instrumental in all consideration of this project. Many antiquated processes were changed over the years to update operations in the business world where conventional means were not effective. Integrating product planning and employee planning optimized operations both in the product and service industry and I will accent many of these optimizations. With recent technological advances and human relations tactics, project management and organization has been streamlined and works more productively than its predecessors. Regardless of the industry, integrated process planning, and cross employee planning could possible turn a dinosaur into a competitive part of the economy.
One of the problems in big cities are transportation.They solve this problem by providing mass transportation such bus or train. People use this facility to travel between surrounding cities or within the city. Jakarta recently has a new public transportation called TransJakarta which serving people travelingfrom nearby cities and in the city.In order to move or doing business between places people in Jakarta use TransJakarta This research aims to analyse ticket price, service quality and customer value toward customer satisfaction. We conducted a research by using questionnaires given to thepassangers and developed a model using a multiple regression to process the result from questionnaires. Samples were taken from The number of sample for this reseach was 130 customers taken from one bus stop which passengers traveled from BSD City to Grogol and Slipi. The results from partial testing showed that customer value andservice quality have effect on customer satisfaction while ticket price does not have effect on customer satisfaction.
This document summarizes a research study that examined the relationships between perceived website quality, perceived benefits, electronic word of mouth (eWOM), trust, and consumer attitudes toward online shopping in Indonesia. The study used a survey of 118 online shopping consumers and structural equation modeling to analyze the data. The results showed that perceived website quality positively influences perceived benefits and trust. Perceived benefits and trust positively impact consumer attitudes toward online shopping. Additionally, perceived website quality indirectly influences consumer attitudes through its effect on trust.
Dairying is one of the livestock productions practiced almost all over Ethiopia, involving a vast number of small, medium, or large-sized, subsistence or market-oriented farms. However, the structure and performance of dairy sectors and its products marketing both for domestic consumption and for export is generally perceived poor in Ethiopia due to different challenges. These challenges vary across different production system to another and/or from one location to another. Among other challenges seasonality of production, spoilage (lack of milk collecting facilities), poor animal health and management, inadequate supply of quality feed, low productivity and genetics ,quality problem, weak vertical integration, absence processing plant, inadequate permanent trade routes and other facilities like feeds, water, holding grounds, lack or non-provision of transport, lack of access to land, ineffectiveness and inadequate infrastructural and institutional set-ups, prevalence of diseases, lack of credit and inadequate market information are dominant in Ethiopia. Therefore, market infrastructure facilities, producers cooperative, feed quality and quantity provision system need to be strengthen for effective dairy value chain development.
This research paper examines customer intention to reorder in respect to delivery service and product satisfaction. Our research model includes delivery service, satisfaction and reorder intention. Satisfaction in this research model work as mediating variable. A survey method was adopted to collect data, collected data were analysis using SPSS to see the correlation between variables. A significant relationship was found between delivery service and reorder intention as well as moderating role was also note with satisfaction and reorder intention.
This paper examines the impact of internet use on student performance. In this cross-sectional study, one hundred twenty survey responses were collected from plus two-level students from BirendranagarSurkhet. The respondents were selected from class 11 and 12 students randomly. Frequency of internet use, location of internet use, cooperation from teachers for internet learning and peer group influence on internet use for academic purpose has been analyzed with their academic performance.one sample t test was used to analyze the data. The finding concludes all these variables have positive impact if the student use internet for learning process. Similarly, the analysis shows that the student who used internet at home for learning purpose has found highest academic achievement.
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We know we want to create products which our customers find to be valuable. Whether we label it as customer-centric or product-led depends on how long we've been doing product management. There are three challenges we face when doing this. The obvious challenge is figuring out what our users need; the non-obvious challenges are in creating a shared understanding of those needs and in sensing if what we're doing is meeting those needs.
In this webinar, we won't focus on the research methods for discovering user-needs. We will focus on synthesis of the needs we discover, communication and alignment tools, and how we operationalize addressing those needs.
Industry expert Scott Sehlhorst will:
• Introduce a taxonomy for user goals with real world examples
• Present the Onion Diagram, a tool for contextualizing task-level goals
• Illustrate how customer journey maps capture activity-level and task-level goals
• Demonstrate the best approach to selection and prioritization of user-goals to address
• Highlight the crucial benchmarks, observable changes, in ensuring fulfillment of customer needs
Knowledge management and its importance in improving the performance of small and medium-size enterprises
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The International Journal of Business Management and Technology, Volume 2 Issue 2 March 2018
ISSN: 2581-3889
Research Article Open Access
Knowledge management and its importance in improving
the performance of small and medium-size enterprises
Zina Benoussad
Institute of economic sciences, Management, and commercial sciences, University of Ain Temouchent, Ain
Temouchent, 46000 Algeria
Laboratory of Markets, Employment, Legislation and Similarities in the Maghreb Countries
Abstract
The present research paper aims at elucidating the importance of using Knowledge Management as a modern
management tool in small and medium-size enterprises operating in western Algeria and its role in improving their
performance.
An attempt is made in this research to give a theoretical definition of knowledge management, define its
requirements and functions, explain performance and its components, and elucidate the importance of Knowledge
Management in institutions. In addition, a brief overview is given about small and medium-sized enterprises and their
characteristics in Algeria.
Moreover, the study was conducted on a sample of small and medium-size enterprises in western Algeria, using
questionnaires which were distributed to 40 managers of these institutions. These questionnaires were collected and
analyzed by means of the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS – manufactured by IBM Corporation).
A set of conclusions could be drawn at the end of the research:
- Small and medium-size enterprises in western Algeria use Knowledge Management as a modern management
approach.
- There is a statistically significant correlation between Knowledge Management and Performance in the institutions
under study.
- There is a statistically significant impact of Knowledge Management on the overall performance of the institutions
under study.
Keywords: Algeria, Knowledge management, Performance, Small and medium enterprises
I. INTRODUCTION
Recent trends and developments have led to more intense competition among individuals, organizations and even
countries; they have engendered the emergence of a number of new approaches, systems and concepts in order to
address these changes and to withstand and resist competition. The most recent and prominent of these concepts is
Knowledge Management (KM) which consists of putting the acquired knowledge and skills in the hands of employees
at the right time and in the appropriate form and ease-of-use in order to achieve higher levels of accomplishment.
Knowledge management (KM) has become the key strategic asset and the best way for organizations to achieve the
best performance if it is polarized and used efficiently. Small and medium-size enterprises are most closely linked to this
approach. This type of institutions has succeeded in imposing its role in the economic life. Small and medium-size
enterprises (SMEs) proved to be hugely effective in the economic system because they have contributed to building an
integrated industry in developed countries. These institutions have also become a leading player in the economic
development, through the creation of new jobs; this has raised the interest of all countries in Knowledge Management.
Presently, the sector of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) represents between 90 and 99% of the total
number of companies in many countries. The reason for this is that SMEs are different from the other institutions; they
have a simple organizational structure, a limited capital, some flexibility and speed of adaptation to external changes,
etc. However, in this new environment, in which the uncertainty management process has taken place and competition
has become more intense, these institutions must adapt to the new changes and adopt the best and most modern
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management strategies that rely on information, technology and knowledge management in order to achieve the best
possible performance and thus to struggle against both domestic and foreign competition.
I.1 Research problematic
Algeria, like the rest of the world, has strived in recent years to change its economic trends from oriented economy
to market economy, by taking several measures that would help to get out of the crisis and remedy the repeated
mistakes and failures of its large public-sector institutions. Algeria has encouraged the development of small and
medium-size enterprises (SMEs) as a means of achieving the economic development, particularly because these
institutions suit well the economic and social characteristics of Algeria.
Despite the remarkable increase in the number of this type of enterprises in Algeria since 2001 (Date of issuance of
the law on the promotion of small and medium-sized enterprises in Algeria), one must acknowledge that the practical
reality proves that this growth is not commensurate with the objectives sought by the various government programs
which were established to facilitate and stimulate this type of institutions. In addition, the number of companies going
bankrupt is continuously on the rise; this is certainly attributed to the large number of problems the SME sector is
facing. The most prominent of these is the lack of awareness of workers and managers of these institutions for the need
to modernize the methods of management and keep up with the recent developments in contemporary business
organizations.
Based on the above, we can ask the following question:
How can Knowledge Management be used to serve as a modern approach to management and as an effective way
to improve the overall performance in small and medium-size enterprises in Algeria?
In order to find an appropriate answer to this problem, a particular focus is placed on small and medium-size
enterprises in the western region of Algeria, particularly in the Provinces (Wilayas) of Ain-Temouchent, Oran, Mascara,
Sidi Bel-Abbes, Saida, and Tlemcen.
A questionnaire was distributed to managers only, without resorting to employees, since Knowledge Management
should begin with the director of the enterprise.
Importance and objectives of the study
The present study is fundamental; it aims to:
- Highlight the meaning and importance of Knowledge Management in contemporary business organizations;
- Clarify the meaning of performance and define the ways to improve it in contemporary institutions;
- Identify the characteristics of Algerian small and medium-size enterprises;
- Get closer to small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in western Algeria and become informed about the prevailing
management methods.
I.2 The objectives of the study: The objectives of the study are
- Enrich scientific research with the important and sensitive subject of Knowledge Management in small and
medium enterprises;
- Demonstrate the relationship between Knowledge Management (KM) and Innovation performance (IP) in this type of
institution;
- Confirm the positive impact of Knowledge Management (KM) on the overall performance (OP) in SMEs;
- Attempt to sensitize the managers of small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs), which are under study, about the
importance of this modern way of management in order to achieve the continuity and survival of their institutions in the
light of globalization and intense competition.
I.3 Hypotheses of the study
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Based on the above, the following hypotheses may be suggested:
First key Hypothesis: Small and medium-size enterprises in western Algeria use Knowledge Management with its
five components, namely knowledge recognition, knowledge creation, knowledge storage, knowledge application, and
knowledge transfer and dissemination as a modern management approach.
Second key hypothesis: There is a statistically significant relationship between Knowledge Management and its
five components, namely knowledge recognition, knowledge creation, knowledge storage, knowledge application, and
knowledge transfer and dissemination. It is important to know that the global performance in SMEs in western Algeria
has as a significance level of 0.05.
- Tird key hypothesis: There is a statistically significant impact of Knowledge Management processes on general
performance in SMEs in western Algeria with a significance level of 0.05.
I.4 Previous studies
The study of Houari Maaradj and Dalal Stouh, entitled "Assessing the manager’s attitudes towards the application of
Knowledge Management in Algerian institutions". This study aimed at identifying the capacity and readiness of
Algerian public institutions to implement the Knowledge Management system. In order to reach this goal, 48
questionnaires were randomly distributed to a group of directors, assistant directors, and department heads in public
institutions. The results of the study were as follows:
- There is a positive trend among managers in Algerian institutions towards the application of Knowledge
Management and its components;
- The level of execution of core knowledge management processes in public institutions does not help to
implement knowledge management and its components;
- The level of readiness of human resources, in terms of preparation and rehabilitation, in these institutions helps to
some extent in the application of knowledge management and its components;
- The level of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) infrastructure does not facilitate to implement
knowledge management and its components;
- Algeria has not fully embraced the shift towards the digital economy yet; its public institutions still lack some of
the basic components of the technology infrastructure on which knowledge management and its applications are
founded.
The study of Khachali, under the title: "Knowledge management and its impact on organizational performance - A
field study in Jordanian industrial companies". This study aimed at identifying the impact of knowledge management
on the organizational performance of the Jordanian industrial companies. The study was conducted on a sample of 264
workers, selected from 37 industrial companies. The needed information was collected through a questionnaire, which
was specifically designed for that purpose. The study provided the following important results:
- A statistically significant relationship exists between the components of knowledge management, i.e. knowledge
acquisition, knowledge transfer, and knowledge response.
- There is a significant effect of knowledge management components on comparative performance;
- There is a significant effect of knowledge of response on comparative performance; however, the components of
knowledge acquisition and knowledge transfer do not have a significant effect on internal performance.
The study of Zack and al., entitled: "Knowledge Management and Organizational Performance: An Exploratory
Analysis”. The objective of this study was to highlight the impact of using Knowledge Management on the outcomes of
organizational performance within commercial organizations. The researcher designed a questionnaire to collect the
needed information for his study; it was then distributed to 1500 managers who studied or received training in a leading
North American Business School. The study reached the following essential results:
- There is a direct relationship between knowledge management and organizational performance;
- There is a direct and significant relationship between financial performance and organizational performance;
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- There is no direct relationship between the financial performance and knowledge management practices;
- There are other factors that affect financial performance; these are the relationship of the company with
customers, product development, and operational excellence.
I.5 Comments on previous studies
Our current study, which addresses Algerian institutions, provided findings that are fully consistent with those
reported in the first study (Houari Maaradj and Dalal Stouh). The present study resulted in similar results; it found out
that although Algerian institutions focus of some components of knowledge management only, like using modern
technology and stimulating workers’ motivation, ..., they still lack some basic elements of technology infrastructure that
are required for an efficient management of knowledge and its applications, in addition to poor communication and
teamwork, which generally lead to weak and inadequate implementation of Knowledge Management.
Our study is different from the previous one; ours focuses on a particular type of institutions, namely small and
medium-size businesses, which today have become one of the most important means of achieving economic
development in most economies throughout the world. Therefore, it is urgent for these institutions to catch up with
modern organizations and adopt Knowledge Management as a novel management approach.
Our research is consistent with Khashali’s study as well as with that of Zack et al. regarding the relationship
between knowledge management and performance; this study arrived at the same conclusion, which is that knowledge
management has a positive impact on performance in institutions.
The current work differs from that of Khashali as it deals with all five Knowledge Management components,
namely knowledge recognition, knowledge generation, knowledge storage, knowledge application and knowledge
transfer and dissemination. Moreover, the results of the conducted test showed that all these components have an
impact on the overall performance within the institutions under study. Similarly, Al-Khashali found out that there is a
significant influence of knowledge of response on comparative performance, while knowledge possession and
knowledge dissemination do not have any significant impact on internal performance.
The current study differs from that of Zack and al. because the latter focuses on commercial institutions and
businesses, while the first one centers on productive companies where the performance level can be easily and
accurately measured, through productivity, product quality, level of creativity, as well as customer satisfaction. In
addition, researchers reached the conclusion that performance is not influenced only by Knowledge Management, but
also by other factors such as the company's relationship with customers, product development, and operational
excellence. It is worth mentioning that the present study did not address other factors affecting performance within the
institutions under study.
II. THE THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY
An attempt is made, through this axis, to address the different theoretical concepts of Knowledge Management and
performance, and the relationship between them.
First: Knowledge Management
II.1 What is Knowledge Management?
The definitions of Knowledge Management do not differ much among authors and researchers. In 1999, Peter
Drucker succinctly defined Knowledge Management as "The coordination and exploitation of organizational knowledge
resources for cost-effectiveness and competitiveness." [1].
David Skyrme is considered as one of the most prominent contributors to the concept of knowledge management;
he states that : " Knowledge Management is the clear, explicit and frank management of vital knowledge and all related
processes of creating, organizing, disseminating, using and exploiting knowledge to achieve the objectives of the
organization" [2].
Based on the above mentioned definitions, we may admit the following definition of knowledge management as:
"A set of initiatives, techniques, processes and strategies that allow getting the appropriate knowledge at the right time
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from the right people in order to organize, manage, store, disseminate, share and use that knowledge within each one of
its departments in order to improve performance and create productivity, and consequently to achieve competitive
advantage”.
II.2 Importance of Knowledge Management
The importance of knowledge management can be evidenced through the experiences of many companies in
developed countries that have spent huge amounts of money to implement these experiences. As a result, many of these
companies reaped great benefits. Therefore, one can state that Knowledge Management plays a fundamental role in
organizations. These benefits may therefore be summarized by saying that Knowledge Management is:
- A great opportunity for organizations to reduce costs and raise their internal assets in order to generate new
revenue [3].
- A means to motivate and encourage the creative capacities of the organization’s human resources to produce
better knowledge and allow for the early detection of unexpected problems;
- A positive evolution in the new economic environment, which forces the enterprise to be highly competitive and
successful. This may be possible through perspicacity, creativity, adaptability, and acquisition of huge amounts of
information in a very short time.
- A way to work on the principle that 'Prevention is better than cure'. It encourages innovation management but
not reaction management; it also has the capacity to deal with acute and emergency crises, as well as to unleash the
intellectual potential and the technical capacities of the personnel within the institution, at all levels. It also contributes
to increase the operational efficiency, improve productivity and provide better solutions to problems as well.
- A knowledge base on which awareness about the needs and aspirations of customers is founded. It works to
reach and attract new customers and maintain loyal clients. It also strengthens the relationship between colleagues
(professional knowledge), employees and administration (human knowledge).
II.3. Knowledge Management processes
Although researchers generally differ on the basic phases of Knowledge Management (KM), no doubt that these
processes operate in a sequential, complementary and integrated manner. Knowledge management processes may be
divided into three basic stages:
- Diagnosis, acquisition and creation of knowledge.
- Storage and dissemination of knowledge.
- Application of knowledge and follow-up.
II.4 Definition of performance
Institutional performance is the common denominator of all the efforts that are exerted by the administration and
employees within the institutions. A large number of researches and studies have been conducted on the topic of
performance which has become an important and fundamental concept within every organization. Unfortunately, no
unified and comprehensive definition of performance has been agreed upon so far due to its ever-changing
characteristics. Performance is sometimes defined as the ability of the organization to allocate resources and use them
optimally; it is sometimes associated with the workers’ productivity and human factors, and sometimes it appears as the
result of productivity and its images.
Performance can be defined as: "A behavior that produces an outcome"; it is the way an individual reacts in
response to a particular task that is whether imposed by others or done by the individual himself [4].
Therefore, performance may be viewed as the organization's ability to achieve its long-term objectives, including
the goals of profit maximization, survival, growth and adaptation, using both physical and human resources, with high
effectiveness and efficiency, under continuously changing environmental conditions [5].
II.5 Performance characteristics
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Organizational performance is characterized by the features cited below [6]:
- It maintains the stability of work and its continuity through accumulated expertise and previous experiences that
can enrich the institution; it helps to pass on these experiences from generation to generation so that the institution is not
affected by the absence or change of leadership.
- It helps to maintain the administrative and financial stability of the institution, by adopting specific policies,
regulations and rules; it orientates the efforts of all individuals working in the institution towards its development
within a clear framework of duties and responsibilities, with a collective participation in achieving the objectives. The
head of the organization is not the only person responsible for the management, administration and decision-making.
- It constantly focuses on the development and rehabilitation of the human resources by attracting the best talent
through the policy adopted by the institution in the recruitment operation.
- It helps to strengthen the workers’ loyalty and affiliation to the institution and its systems. This institution, which
should be regarded as belonging to all, requires hard work in order to ensure its survival and maintain its progress.
II.6 Relationship between knowledge management and performance
Knowledge Management (KM) has a significant impact on organizational performance in various dimensions; it
affects individuals, processes and products, and influences the overall performance of the organization.
II.6.1 The impact of Knowledge Management on employees:
Knowledge Management affects the employees because it:
- Improves their learning process; employees may learn from each other's experience as well as from external
sources of knowledge. This allows their learning to grow steadily so as to achieve the ability to change in response to the
requirements of technology;
- It makes employees more flexible and enhances their satisfaction at work; it also helps them to build and
strengthen their learning capacities to solve and cope with the various problems they face in the business world.
II.6.2 The impact of Knowledge Management on processes
Knowledge management aims to[7]:
- Help to carry out processes in accordance with the pre-set objectives of increasing operational efficiency within
the organization;
- Increase the efficiency of operations by simplifying processes and reducing costs;
- Achieve operations in a creative and modern way, based on increasing reliance on knowledge sharing among
employees in order to find innovative solutions within the organization where Knowledge Management is used as a
brainstorming tool.
II.6.3 The impact on products
Knowledge Management affects different products and outputs because it:
- Impacts value-added products. Knowledge management processes help the organization to develop new
products and improve the existing ones; consequently, it helps to achieve higher added value products as compared
with previous ones. [8]
- Affects knowledge-based products through knowledge bases owned by investment companies that are
specialized in the development of software industry [9].
II.6.4 Impact on overall performance
Knowledge Management can have a significant impact on the overall organizational performance of the institution
through the development and innovation of new products which should result in increased returns and profits. This
also occurs when the Knowledge Management strategy adopted is in line with the organization’s business strategy or
with the organization's vision and policy. KM affects revenue and expenses which depend on the adequacy between
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managers and industry, As a result, this leads to increased customer loyalty to the organization. In addition, KM uses
knowledge to gain competitive advantage with respect to competitors and business partners.
III. THE PRACTICAL FRAMEWORK OF THE STUDY
The results of the field study were first reviewed within the context of this investigation. This was done by means
of a questionnaire that included a set of questions related to knowledge management and to the overall level of
performance within small and medium-size enterprises, in western Algeria.
III.1 Study methodology and data collection tools
Considering the type of subject under study, the researcher considers that the method that is best suited for the
case study at hand is the descriptive analytical approach, where the data and information are collected from library and
Internet sources, for the theoretical part of the study. The questionnaire was distributed to the managers of small and
medium-size enterprises operating in western Algeria, for the practical side. The present study attempts to diagnose,
analyze, link, and interpret, classify and measure data, and also to determine the type of relationship between its
variables, causes and trends, and finally to derive the results from them.
III.2 Community and sample of the study
The study population consists of a sample of 40 small and medium-size enterprises operating in western Algeria;
each institution was given one questionnaire. The statistical tools and methods used were all based on the Statistical
Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS).
III.3 Study tool
In view of the nature of the exploratory study, the methodology used in the descriptive approach, and the possible
alternatives, and based on the topic of the study, its objectives, queries, and the desired data, the researcher used the
form tool which, in its final form, included 47 questions divided as follows:
- 04 questions relating to personal information about the manager, like the age, qualifications, seniority and size of
his institution;
- 43 questions whose answers were formulated according to the five-point Likert scale [is a method of measuring
behaviors and preferences, using psychometric tests. It was developed by psychologist Rensis Likert, who used
questionnaires, especially in statistics. The scale is based on responses to the degree of approval or objection to a
statement.], which comprised the following two axes:
The first axis included 24 questions on knowledge management processes which were divided into five
dimensions as follows:
Dimension 1: Knowledge recognition. It included 4 questions that focus on the level of awareness of managers and
workers in the institutions under study, in view of the importance of knowledge management in their institutions;
Dimension 2: Knowledge generation. It included 5 questions that focus on the availability of instruments, such as
the training of employees and the realization of modern scientific methods, to generate knowledge within the
institutions under study;
Dimension 3: Knowledge storage. It included 6 specific questions on the availability within the institution of the
technical and technological means to store its innovative knowledge;
Dimension 4: Knowledge application. It included 5 questions related to the extent of application of knowledge
management within institutions;
Dimension 5: Knowledge dissemination. It included 4 questions on the concern of institutions in disseminating
knowledge, through the use of modern communication technologies, flexible organizational structure and exchange of
tasks among workers inside the institution.
The second axis included 19 questions on overall performance within the institutions under study; it was divided
into four dimensions as follows:
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Dimension 1: Workers’ satisfaction. It included 6 questions that focused on the satisfaction of workers at work
within the institutions under study;
Dimension 2: Internal processes. It consisted of 4 questions on the quality of production, level of innovation, and
cost reduction in the institutions under study;
Dimension 3: Customer’s satisfaction. It comprised 5 questions relating to the level of interest of the studied
institutions in taking into consideration the expectations and desires of their customers; it also examined their degree of
satisfaction in a timely manner and appropriate form.
Dimension 4: Institution growth and development. It comprised 4 questions that are related to the high market
share and profitability of the institutions under study.
III.4 Measuring the validity of the paragraphs of the questionnaire and its stability
Two methods are used to validate the questionnaire. The first approach is based on the honesty and sincerity of a
group of arbitrators who are professors with specific knowledge in the field of economics. The researcher presented the
questionnaire, in its initial form, to a group of professors in business administration, economics and statistics, from
different universities; they all expressed their views on the form of the questionnaire. Once the necessary changes were
made, it was distributed to a group of institutions operating in northwestern Algeria. Eight copies were recovered from
the city of Oran, 4 from Tlemcen, 7 from Mascara, 5 from Sidi Bel-Abbes and 16 from Ain Temouchent, for a total of 40.
The second approach used the internal consistency test. Once the data collected were dumped into the SPSS
program, the researcher studied the validity of the questionnaire by measuring the internal and structural consistency of
its paragraphs. A strong correlation was found between the paragraphs of each axis and its overall rate. All correlation
coefficients were high (between 0.533 and 0.941) with a significance level between 0.000 and 0.034. Therefore, the
questions about these axes can be trusted; they can be used in what they are intended to measure.
Moreover, the results obtained from the analysis of structural validity indicated that the correlation coefficients are
at the significance level of 0.01, for knowledge awareness, knowledge storage, knowledge application and knowledge
dissemination. The probability value for each dimension is less than or equal to 0.01, with a significance at the level of
0.05 for knowledge generation. Furthermore, the probability value was estimated at 0.02 for this dimension. In addition,
the correlation coefficients for the performance axis showed a significance level of 0.01 for all dimensions. Therefore, it
can be said that there is a strong correlation between the different axes of the questionnaire and the overall rate of its
paragraphs. Thus, the questionnaire is valid and can be used to measure what it is intended to measure.
The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used for the measurement of stability. This stability of the axes ranged from 0.842
to 0.916, indicating the stability of the study scale.
III.5 Data analysis and hypothesis testing
III.5.1 Descriptive analysis of personal data:
The characteristics of sample members are summarized in the following table:
Table 01 - Personal characteristics of respondents
Variable Variable classes Recurrence Percentage
Age
Less than 30 years of age 4 10%
From 30 to less than 40 years 12 30%
From 40 to less than 50 years 18 45%
50 years and older 6 15%
Educational level
High school level 4 10%
Vocational training certificate 2 7%
Bachelor's degree (3 years) 28 50%
Master’s degree 2 7%
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Post-Graduate Diploma 4 10%
Expériences
Between 2 and 5 years 16 40%
Between 5 and 10 years 14 35%
More than 10 years 10 25%
Size of the enterprise
Small enterprise 20 50%
Medium enterprise 20 50%
Source: Elaborated by the author, based on software SPSS results
From the above table, the following conclusions may be drawn:
Age: The above results indicate that the largest proportion of managers are aged between 30 and 50 years, with a
cumulative rate of 75%. This is the appropriate age for creating and managing an institution. Furthermore, 15% of them
are over 50 years old, which gives the researcher some confidence about the answers provided by respondents, who are
characterized by intellectual maturity.
Educational level: from the above results, one can clearly observe that about 67% of managers have a bachelor's
degree or more, which represents a strength point for the institutions under study. The higher the manager’s level of
education is, the more his professional competence grows and his comprehension of modern management techniques
becomes greater. This will certainly contribute, in an effective way, to the profitability of the institution, and would give
greater confidence to the researcher in the results given by the study. These findings indicate that the respondents
understood the questionnaire; their answers present a high degree of credibility.
Years of seniority: The percentages depicted in the table are consistent with the age variable previously discussed.
In general, the managers’ ages range from 30 to less than 50, which means that the majority of them have a work
experience greater than two years but not exceeding ten years, with a cumulative rate of 75%. This is a positive indicator
of the managers' experience in management and its components.
Size of the institution: The results in the table indicate that although the sample was chosen randomly, the number
of small enterprises was found equal to that of medium-size enterprises, i.e. each type representing 50% of the total
number.
III.5.2 Testing the study hypotheses
Analysis of the first main hypothesis: The first main hypothesis is as follows:
H0: Small and medium enterprises in western Algeria do not use Knowledge Management and its five
components, namely knowledge recognition, knowledge generation, knowledge storage, knowledge application and
knowledge dissemination as a modern management approach.
H1: Small and medium enterprises in western Algeria use Knowledge Management and its five components,
namely knowledge recognition, knowledge generation, knowledge storage, knowledge application and knowledge
dissemination as a modern management approach.
To study the first main hypothesis, the researcher used the one-sample t-test, and the results obtained are
summarized in the following table.
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Table 02: Test results (One-sample t-test)
Test value = 3
t ddl Sig. (bilateral) Average difference
95% Confidence Interval for the differences
Inferior Superior
Knowledge Management 5.444 39 0.000 0.61300 0.3853 0.8407
Source: Elaborated by the author using the software SPSS results
We can clearly note, from the previous table, that the significance value is equal to 0.000, which is smaller than the
significance level of 0.05. Moreover, the calculated t value is equal to 5.444, which is greater than the value 1.645 in the T
statistic table, at the degree of freedom 39. Based on this, the null hypothesis is rejected but the alternative hypothesis,
which states that the managers of the institutions under study use Knowledge Management in administering their
institutions, is accepted.
Analysis of the second main hypothesis:
The second main hypothesis addresses the relationship between the use of Knowledge Management in the
institutions under study and the level of overall performance. The hypothesis may be formulated as follows:
H0: There is no statistically significant relationship between Knowledge Management (KM) with its five
components, namely knowledge recognition, knowledge generation, knowledge storage, knowledge application and
knowledge dissemination, on one side, and Overall Performance (OP), on the other, in small and medium-size
enterprises in western Algeria, at the significance level of 0.05.
H1: There is a statistically significant relationship between Knowledge Management with its five components,
namely knowledge recognition, knowledge generation, knowledge storage, knowledge application and knowledge
dissemination, on one side, and Overall Performance (OP), on the other, in small and medium-size enterprises in
western Algeria, at the significance level of 0.05.
In order to test this hypothesis, the simple Pearson's correlation coefficient was used, and the results obtained are
depicted in the following table.
Table 03: Pearson's correlation coefficient between Knowledge Management and Performance
Performance
Knowledge Management
Pearson’s correlation 0.541**
Sig. (bilateral) 0.001
Source: Elaborated by the author, using the software SPSS results
This table indicates that the correlation coefficient between Knowledge Management (KM) and Performance is
equal to 0.541. Moreover, the probability value is equal to 0.001, which is below the significance level of 0.05; this means
that a statistically significant correlation exists between Knowledge Management and Performance.
Through the preceding results, We can reject the null hypothesis and accept the alternative hypothesis, which
states that a statistically significant correlation exists between Knowledge Management and its five components, i.e.
knowledge recognition, knowledge generation, knowledge storage, knowledge application and knowledge
dissemination, on one hand, and Overall Performance (OP), on the other, in small and medium-size enterprises; the
significance level is at 0.05.
Analysis of the third main hypothesis
The third major premise is the causality hypothesis which addresses the impact of using Knowledge Management
in small and medium-size enterprises in western Algeria on their Overall Performance. This hypothesis is presented as
follows:
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H0: There is no statistically significant impact of Knowledge Management processes on Overall Performance within
small and medium-size enterprises in western Algeria, at the significance level of 0.05.
H1: There is a statistically significant impact of Knowledge Management processes on the Overall Performance
within small and medium-size enterprises in western Algeria, at the significance level of 0.05.
The simple linear regression was used to test the hypothesis, and the results obtained are depicted in the following table.
Table 4: Simple linear regression to examine the impact of Knowledge Management on Performance.
Summary of models
Model R R2
Adjusted
R2
Standard error of
the estimate
Change statistics
Variation of
R2
Variation of
F ddl1 ddl2 Sig.
1 0.541a 0.292 0.274 0.60275 0.292 15.690 1 38 0.000
a. Predictors: Knowledge Management (Constant)
ANOVAa
Model Sum of squares ddl Mean square F Sig.
1
Regression 5.700 1 5.700 15.690 0.000b
Residue 13.806 38 0.363
Total 19.506 39
a. Independent variable: Overall Performance
b. Predictors: Knowledge Management (Constant)
Coefficientsa
Model
Unstandardized coefficients Standardized coefficients
t Sig.B Standard error Beta
1
(Constant) 1.711 0.499 3.429 0.001
Knowledge Management 0.537 0.136 0.541 3.961 0.000
a. Dependent variable: Overall Performance
Source: Results of software SPSS
It is easy to observe from the first table, that R2 is equal to 0.292 and the adjusted R2 is estimated at 0.274. This indicates that
Knowledge Management has improved the Overall Performance within the institutions studied by only 29.2%. However, 70.8% of
performance improvement can be attributed to other variables that have not been taken into considered in this study.
The results in the second table may be summarized as follows:
The sum of squares due to regression is 5.70, and the sum of squares is equal to 13.806, while the total sum of squares is 19.506.
The number of degrees of freedom associated with the regression is 1, while that associated with residuals is 38.
The mean square regression is estimated at 5.70, and the mean square of residuals is estimated at 0.363.
The value of the contrast analysis test in the linear regression is 15.69.
The significance level is equal to 0.000, which is smaller than 0.005, the significance level of null hypothesis. In addition, the
calculated P value, which is estimated at 15.69, is greater than the tabular value of 4.0847, at the degrees of freedom levels of 1 and 38.
Therefore, the null hypothesis can be rejected and the alternative hypothesis is accepted. Consequently, it can be concluded that there
is a statistically significant impact of the independent variable of Knowledge Management (KM) on the dependent variable of Overall
Performance in small and medium-size enterprises in western Algeria.
Table 3 clearly indicates that the y-intercept of the regression line is 1.711, which represents a in a straight line equation (i.e.
y = a + bx). Therefore, the regression line is: y = 1.711 + 0.537x
Where x represents the independent variable and y is the dependent variable. So, the regression line equation may be
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Knowledge management and its importance in improving the performance of small and…….
written as:
Overall Performance = 1.711 + 0.537 Knowledge Management (or OP = 1.711 + 0.537KM).
Consequently, it is possible to reject the null hypothesis, which states that Knowledge Management (KM) has no impact
on Overall Performance (OP) within small and medium-size enterprises in western Algeria, and accept the alternative
hypothesis that confirms the impact of Knowledge Management on Overall Performance within small and medium
enterprises in western Algeria.
III.5.3 Discussion of study results: The field study resulted in the following set of findings:
- There is a medium to high degree of agreement between all managers interviewed regarding each dimension of
Knowledge Management, which indicates that everyone is aware of the importance of using Knowledge Management as a
new approach to governing SMEs;
- There is a medium to high degree of agreement between the respondents that their overall performance is continuously
improving as compared to previous years; their overall performance is better than that of competitive institutions. This means
that changing and developing new management methods helps to greatly improve performance;
- Small and medium-size enterprises in western Algeria use Knowledge Management as a modern approach to
governance with its five components, i.e. knowledge recognition, knowledge generation, knowledge storage, knowledge
application and knowledge dissemination;
- There is a statistically significant correlation between Knowledge Management (KM) and Overall Performance (OP) in
the institutions under study;
- There is a statistically significant impact of Knowledge Management (KM) on Overall Performance (OP) within the
small and medium-size enterprises under study.
IV. CONCLUSION
Currently, Knowledge Management is considered as one of the most decisive and modern methods of
management; it has proved useful in achieving excellence within institutions that adopted it. Indeed, this study was
conducted to determine the extent to which this approach is used in the management of small and medium enterprises
operating in western Algeria, and how this method may affect the overall institutional performance.
In order to answer the research problem, it was decided to divide this study into two major parts. The first part,
which concerned the theoretical framework of the study, included a set of concepts related to knowledge management
and performance; the relationship between them was also investigated. The following results could be found:
- In light of the fierce competition and great technological development, managers cannot ignore the importance of
Knowledge Management in their enterprises;
- Knowledge Management is viewed as the primary resource for organizations to achieve profit, profitability and
competitive advantage on the market;
- Knowledge Management is closely linked to the human element and all his/her ideas, information and
experiences; it is also associated with the way the institution uses the human element to achieve its objectives;
- The concept of performance is not limited only to the individual’s behavior within the institution; it also includes
many variables such as the employee’s satisfaction, customer’s satisfaction, and the institution’s evolution as compared
to its competitors;
- Knowledge management has a significant impact on the company’s performance because it can influence the
learning process of employees as well as their satisfaction at work. KM can also affect the internal processes by
improving production and launching the spirit of creation and innovation within the institution. It can also raise the
customer’s satisfaction by supplying the product or service in the appropriate form and at the right time.
The second part of the study concerned the practical framework of the research. It was conducted on a sample of
40 institutions, all operating in the western region of Algeria. The results of hypothesis testing were as follows:
- The first hypothesis, which states that small and medium-size enterprises operating in western Algeria were
aware of the importance of Knowledge Management (KM) and used it, has been validated;
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Knowledge management and its importance in improving the performance of small and…….
- The second hypothesis testing was performed and it was found that a close relationship exists between
Knowledge Management and performance within the institutions under study;
- The third hypothesis testing confirmed that Knowledge Management affects only 29.2% of the overall
performance within the institutions under study, while 27.8% may be attributed to other variables not considered in
this research.
In addition to the results obtained from hypothesis testing, the author was able to get to some other interesting
results through observation and contact with the managing directors of the institutions under study; these may be
summarized as follows:
- Some uncertainty still exists as to whether managers fully understand the proper meaning of Knowledge
Management, the way it should be used and its importance within the institution;
- Despite the remarkable progress in using modern technologies in Algerian institutions, many of them, especially
small and medium-size enterprises, still fall far behind expectations in using these technologies in the promotion of the
institution and its products through the Internet, and the acquisition of new knowledge through it;
- Small and medium-size enterprises lack the culture of leadership training; they should organize some internal
and external cultural training programs for their workers in order to enhance their knowledge and skills;
- Many small and medium-size enterprises suffer from poor teamwork; their employees are generally not involved
in decision-making and problem solving within the institution. This is considered as one of the most important
disincentives to achieve high employee loyalty and commitment to the institution he/she works in.
REFERENCES
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[2] David Skyrme, KM Basics, www.Syrme.com/KMbasic/definition.htm.
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Accounting, University of Mohammed Khaidar, Biskra, 2014-2015.
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