The document provides information about Kalaburagi division of Karnataka state in India. It consists of 6 districts - Kalaburagi, Bidar, Ballari, Raichur, Koppal and Yadgir. The division has the lowest literacy, income, crop yields and life expectancy in the state. It was identified as the least developed region of Karnataka in 2000. The division has a long history under various empires and faced struggles for independence. It has natural resources like rivers, forests and minerals but is generally resource deficient. Agriculture is the main occupation and it faces frequent droughts. The division contributes significantly to Kannada literature, music and folk arts.

1. B.J.P.S Samiti’s
M.V.HERWADKAR ENGLISH MEDIUM HIGH SCHOOL
Program:
Semester:
Course: NAME OF THE COURSE
1
0ur State-kalaburgi division
Mrs Varada Phadke

4.  Bengaluru Division (Nine Districts),
 Mysuru Division (Eight districts]
 Belagavi Division (Seven Districts) and
 Kalburagi Division (seven districts); thirty
one districts in total.

5. OUR KARNATAKA
KALABURGI DIVISION

7. KALABURGI DIVISION
Kalaburagi Division has six districts.
They are:
Kalaburagi ,
Bidar,
Ballari,
Raichur,
Koppala
Yadagir.

9. The Kalaburagi division has the lowest place
with regard to literacy, per capital income, yield
per hectare and life expectancy in the state .

10. In order to understand the reasons for this
backwardness, the government of Karnataka had
formed a High Power Committee on Redressal of
Regional Imbalances under the chairmanship of
Dr Nanjundappa in 2000 .

11. As per its report the least developed
part of Karnataka state is Kalaburagi
Division. In order to provide special grants to
the districts of this division, the central
government accorded special status to this
division under article 371(J) of the
constitution.

12. HISTORY
Mauryas
Shatavahana
Rashtrakutas – Manyaketa
Kalyana Chalukyas — Basava Kalyana
Vijayanagara kings –Hampi
Bahamani kings—Kalaburgi
Hyderabad Nizam

13. The historic Vachana movement led by
Basavanna took place in Basavakalyana
which is part of Kalaburagi Division.

14. During the reorganization of states
in 1956, Kalaburagi, Bidar and Raichur
districts, which were part of Hyderabad
Nizam, were added to Karnataka state.
Kalaburagi is the headquarters of Kalaburagi
Division. Ballari which was part of Madras
State was added to Karnataka state.

15. PALEGARAS
Many Palegaras became powerful
after the decline of Vijayanagara and
Bahamani sultans. Among them, Palegaras of
Harapanahalli, Sandur, Jarimale and
Surapura are well known.

16. After the death of Krishnappa Nayaka of
Surapura, his son Venkatappa Nayaka came to
power. As he was aware of the first war of
Indian Independence, he waged war against the
British. But, the British captured Venkatappa
Nayaka and imprisoned him. British gifted
Surapura to Hyderabad Nizam. Like this, Bidar,
Kalaburagi and Raichur became part of
Hyderbad Nizam’s state. They were merged
into Karnataka in1956.

18. The war for the Liberation of
Hyderabad Karnataka
The leadership was provided by Swami
Ramanandathirtha. Sardar Sharanagowda
Inamdar, Shivamurthy Alavandi, Shiruru
Veerabhadrappa, Prabhuraja Patil Sanganala,
Pundaleekappa were leading the agitation
against the Nizam.

19. The people revolted against the private
army of the Nizam known as Razaks. The
central government of India undertook direct
action against the Nizam and annexed it to
India on September 17th, 1948. Then, Sardar
Vallabhabai Patel was the Home Minister and
Pandit Jawahar Lal Nehru was the Prime
Minister of India .

21. NATURAL RESOURCES

22. RIVERS
Bhima,
Tungabhadra
Krishna,
Mullamari and
Bennetora.

23. DAM
Karanja—boon to Bidar district.

24. SOIL
Red
Black
Alluvial

25. CROPS
Paddy is the major crop of Koppala
and Raichur district. Sugarcane is the
major commercial crop. The other major
crops are cotton, foxtail millet,
horsegram and pulses.

30. FORESTS
Dense forest is present in the Sandur
taluk of Ballari district. Bidar has the most
sporadic forest and Koppala has the lowest
forest cover .

31. MINERALS
The minerals available in this division
are: Silver, Silica, Gold (Raichur district), Iron
ore, limestone, Manganese ore (Ballari).
Granite stone is available in all the districts of
this division. This division is not rich from
natural resources perspective.

32. IRRAGATION
Tungabhadra Dam provides irrigation facilities
to Raichur and Ballari districts of this division .
Basavasagara dam built across river Krishna
provides irrigation facility to Raichur and Kalaburagi
districts. Karanja project provided irrigation facilities
to Bidar district.

33. Wild life
This division is a forest deficit division.
There are no big wild animals here. Langur,
Deer, Fox, Bear, Wolf, Wild dogs are found in
this division. Daroji Bear Sanctuary is in
Ballari. Deers are there in Raichur district .

35. Agriculture and Industries
Agriculture is the main occupation in this
division. The average rainfall is less. Crops are
grown according to the rains. As the average
rainfall is less, the division is prone to droughts
often. Hence, the districts of this division are called
as ‘Drought Prone districts’. Iron and Steel
industries, Sugar industries, Cement industries and
thermal power plants are the major industries of
this division.

36. The Bidari art of Bidar is very famous .

38. Ballari and Koppala have larger Iron and
Steel industries. Similarly, Yadgir and
Kalaburagi have huge cement industries. The
tourism of this place is slowly picking up .

40. Hampi, Tungabhadra dam, Sannathi of
Kalaburagi district, Khwaja Bhande Nawaz
Dargah, the fort of Bidar, Basava Kalyana,
Hatti gold mine of Raichur are the major
tourist centres of the division. Hatti gold mine
of Raichur district produces the highest gold
in India.

46. Art, Literature, Music, Folklore,
Theatre and Dance

47. The first literary work in Kannada ‘Kaviraja
Marga’ was written during the reign of
Rashtrakutas. The Adi Kavi Pampa wrote
‘Vikramarjuna Vijaya’ under the patronage of the
King Arikesari. The three Gems of Kannada
literature ‘Pampa, Ponna and Ranna’ are from this
division. The writer of first Grammar book,
‘Shabdhamani Darpana by Keshiraja,is from this
division.

48. VACHANA MOVEMENT
Many Vachanakaras like
Basavanna, Allamaprabhu,
Akkamahadevi, Jedara Dasimaiah,
Siddarama are from Kalaburagi
division. Vachana movement
launched a war against untouchability
.

49. DASA SAHITYA
Land of Daasa Sahitya.
The ‘Daasakoota’ was formed under the leadership of
Shri Vyasaraya. It rejected the concepts of ‘profane
and sacred’.

50. Keerthanas were written by Kanakadasa,
Purandaradasa and Raghavendratheertha. They
criticized the caste system in their keerthanas.

51. The songs written by folklore
artists, fakirs and other saints can be called as
Philosophical lyrics (tatva padagalu). These
lyricists fought against the evils of caste system
during 18th and 19th century Karnataka. They
have also made fun of liars and mad seeking of
money. Chennur Jalal Saab, Hanumanthavva
have written good lyrics. Many illiterates have
constructed lyrics and sung them.

52. In modern period, the literature of
Kalaburagi was enriched by many writers.
They are: Siddaiah Puranik, Jayateertha
Rajapurohit, Shantarasa, Pandit Tharanath,
Beechi, Mudenur Sanganna, Simpi Linganna,
Shylaja Chadachan, Jayadevi thayi Ligade,
Chenanna Valikara .

53. MUSIC
Siddarama Jambaladinni,
Pt. Tharanath, Gazal Gundamma,
Subhadramma Mansoor
and others contributed to music .

54. S.M. Pandith of this division is famous
in the field of painting.

55. Doddata’, ‘Sannata’, ‘Togalu Bombe’ are
active in folklore theatre. Belagal Veeranna is
known person in the field of Togalu Bombe theatre.
Nandi Kunitha, Alavai Kunitha, Choudammana
Kunitha, Lambani Kunitha, Kolata, Veeragase,
Durga- Muragi and others are the folk dance forms.
Karadi Majalu, Killekyathara Aata, Hagalu Vesha are
part of folk art. Bidari art of Bidar, toys of Kinnala
and blankets of Koppala are the traditional arts.

56. Education and Health
The most educationally backward
districts of our state, Raichur and Yadagir,
belong to this division.

57. UNIVERSITIES
Gulbarga University and Central University are in
Kalaburagi city of this division. Kannada University is
in Hampi, Shrikrishnadevaraya University is in Ballari
and Agriculture University is in Raichur of this
division. Bidar has Animal Husbandry and Fisheries
University.

58. There is a Buddha Vihara in Kalaburagi

59. Medical colleges are there in Ballari,
Kalaburagi, Bidar and Raichur of this division. Every
district has a district hospital. Health sub centers are
there to provide health care facilities to the rural
population. There is a development in the field of
education and health. A big ESI hospital is also there.